XXXII.—Studies on the Scottish Marine Fauna: Quantitative Distribution of the Echinoderms and the Natural Faunistic Divisions of the North Sea

1934 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Community Concept

The first part (5) of a study of the quantitative distribution of the bottom-fauna in Scottish waters, and of the natural faunistic divisions of the North Sea and adjacent areas, dealt with the distribution of the molluscs in the North Sea. In this paper the echinoderms from the same area are treated on similar lines. In addition the natural faunistic divisions, as shown by the distribution of the dominant species of molluscs and echinoderms, and the validity of Petersen's community concept as applied to the North Sea, are discussed.Reference should be made to the earlier paper for information concerning the methods of collecting, the area covered by the Scottish surveys, similar surveys carried out by other workers in the remaining parts of the North Sea, the number of hauls in each square, and other introductory matters.

XXII.—Studies on the Scottish Marine Fauna: The Natural Faunistic Divisions of the North Sea as shown by the Quantitative Distribution of the Molluscs

1934 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
German Bight ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Preliminary Account ◽  
The North Sea

With the renewal of activities in Fishery Research, which took place in the lands bordering the North Sea after the War, fresh lines of investigation were introduced. Amongst others, quantitative surveys of the bottom fauna similar to those carried out by Petersen were undertaken by several countries. The southern part of the North Sea was examined by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and the results were published by Davis (2, 3). Other work undertaken in the German Bight was published by Hagmeier (6). A small survey was carried out by Petersen (8) in the North Sea off the north-west coast of Denmark. Areas to the north and west of Scotland, as well as the northern half of the North Sea, were surveyed by the Fishery Board for Scotland and a preliminary account published (11). The present paper is, in part, a summary of the results of the survey work carried out by the Fishery Board for Scotland in the northern part of the North Sea during the years 1922-25, supplemented by a subsequent survey of the intertidal areas undertaken privately; in part an analysis of the faunistic divisions of the North Sea based on the distribution of the molluscs, especially lamellibranchs, as recorded in the above papers. So far as the North Sea is concerned, the area covered by the Scottish investigations is bounded on the south approximately by latitude 56° N., and on the east and north by the 200 m. (100 fm.) contour.

scholarly journals Astomonema southwardorum sp. nov., a gutless nematode dominant in a methane seep area in the North Sea

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Austen ◽  
R. M. Warwick ◽  
K. P. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Methane Seep ◽  
Marine Nematode ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Inquirenda ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
A New Species

A new species of mouthless and gutless free-living marine nematode, Astomonema southwardorum sp. nov., the dominant species from a methane seep pockmark in the North Sea, is described and illustrated. The new species is distinguished by its combination of short cephalic and cervical setae, with the latter being sparsely and irregularly distributed, and also in male specimens by its arrangement of precloacal and caudal setae and its postcloacal papillae. The genus Astomonema Ott, Rieger, Rieger & Enderes, 1982, is rediagnosed. Astomonema brevicauda (Vitiello, 1971) Vidakovik & Boucher, 1987, is considered to be a species inquirenda.

Physical and Biological Conditions in the North Sea

1896 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-263
Author(s):  
J. T. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
The North ◽  
Interesting Paper ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Baltic

IN my report, in the preceding number of this Journal, on my observations in the North Sea, I referred briefly to the problem of the relation between the physical and biological conditions. This problem will afford scope for investigation for some time to come, and the purpose of the present article is to discuss and compare some of the most recent additions to our knowledge of the matter. The paper by Mr. H. N. Dickson, to which I referred in my previous report, was published in the Geographical Journal last March, under the title of “The Movements of the Surface Waters of the North Sea,” and in the Scottish Geographical Journal, in 1894, was published a series of papers by Professor Pettersson on “Swedish Hydrographic Research in the Baltic and the North Seas.” Professor Heincke has discussed the fish fauna of Heligoland, its composition and sources, in an interesting paper in the series issued under the title of “Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen,” by the staff of the Biological Station at Heligoland, in association with the Commission for the Investigation of the German Seas, at Kiel. Professor Heincke's paper is contained in Bnd. I., Hft. 1 of this series (1894), and in the same volume are a number of papers dealing on similar lines with other divisions of the marine fauna of the Heligoland Bight.It will be most convenient and logical to start the present discussion with a consideration of the results of Professor Pettersson's work. He found that the Skagerack and Cattegat were filled with layers of water distinguished from one another by differences of salinity, and that the lower layers entered the channel as under–currents, and could be recognised at the surface somewhere in the North Sea.

scholarly journals Bottom Fauna of the North Sea

Nature ◽  
1924 ◽  
Vol 113 (2838) ◽  
pp. 442-443
Author(s):  
J. STANLEY GARDINER
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals Development of the western Limfjord, Denmark, after the last deglaciation: a review with new data

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 53-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Bennike ◽  
Niels Nørgaard-Pedersen ◽  
Jørn Bo Jensen ◽  
Katrine Juul Andresen ◽  
Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Barrier ◽  
The North Sea

This paper presents new marine evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene environmental changes in the western part of Limfjorden, and provides a review of the geological history/development of this part of northern Jylland, Denmark. Lateglacial clay without fossils is widespread in the region and is probably a glaciolacustrine deposit. Limfjorden began to form as a strait in the Early Holocene due to rising relative sea level and the oldest marine shells are dated to c. 9300 cal. years BP. We propose a new relative sealevel curve for the region based on new and published data, which appear to confirm that the relative sea-level change was not extremely rapid, which was suggested earlier. During the Mid-Holocene a wide connection existed from the western part of Limfjorden to the North Sea in the west and more narrow connections existed between Limfjorden and Skagerrak in the north. The marine fauna included several species that indicate warmer and more salty waters than at present. Gradually, the connections to the North Sea and Skagerrak closed due to long-shore sediment transport and deposition of aeolian sand combined with a fall in the relative sea level during the Middle- to Late Holocene. During the Viking Age, 800–1050 CE (Common Era), the western connection to the North Sea was still open, but around 1200 CE it was closed by a coastal sandy barrier and the western part of Limfjorden became brackish. The coastal barrier was flooded on several occasions but soon formed again. After 1825 CE the western connection from Limfjorden to the North Sea has been maintained artificially.

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