The perception of quantity ain't number: Missing the primacy of symbolic reference

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael E. Núñez ◽  
Francesco d'Errico ◽  
Russell D. Gray ◽  
Andrea Bender
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Number System ◽  
Rational Numbers ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Approximate Number System

Abstract Clarke and Beck's defense of the theoretical construct “approximate number system” (ANS) is flawed in serious ways – from biological misconceptions to mathematical naïveté. The authors misunderstand behavioral/psychological technical concepts, such as numerosity and quantical cognition, which they disdain as “exotic.” Additionally, their characterization of rational numbers is blind to the essential role of symbolic reference in the emergence of number.

The number sense does not represent numbers, but cardinality comparisons

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Number Sense ◽  
Number System ◽  
Rational Numbers ◽  
Approximate Number System

Abstract Against Clarke and Beck's proposal that the approximate number system (ANS) represents natural and rational numbers, I suggest that the experimental evidence is better accommodated by the (much weaker) thesis that the ANS represents cardinality comparisons. Cardinality comparisons do not stand in arithmetical relations and being able to apply them does not involve basic arithmetical concepts and operations.

scholarly journals Transcription-termination-mediated immunity and its prevention in bacteriophage SfV of Shigella flexneri

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 3187-3197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur Roberts ◽  
Gwen E. Allison ◽  
Naresh K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Transcription Termination ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Temperate Phage ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Subsequent Infection

The temperate phage SfV encodes the genes responsible for the serotype conversion of Shigella flexneri strains from serotype Y to 5a. Bacteriophages often encode proteins that prevent subsequent infection by homologous phages; the mechanism by which this is accomplished is referred to as superinfection immunity. The serotype conversion mediated following lysogenization of SfV is one such mechanism. Another mechanism is the putative λ-like CI protein within SfV. This study reports the characterization of a third superinfection mechanism, transcription termination, in SfV. The presence of a small immunity-mediating RNA molecule, called CI RNA, and its essential role in the establishment of immunity, is shown. The novel role of the gene orf77, located immediately downstream from the transcription termination region, in inhibiting the establishment of CI RNA-mediated immunity is also presented.

scholarly journals The role of numeracy and approximate number system acuity in predicting value and probability distortion

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1820-1829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Patalano ◽  
Jason R. Saltiel ◽  
Laura Machlin ◽  
Hilary Barth
Keyword(s):  
Number System ◽  
Approximate Number System

A rational explanation for links between the ANS and math

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa E. Libertus ◽  
Shirley Duong ◽  
Danielle Fox ◽  
Leanne Elliott ◽  
Rebecca McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Detection ◽  
Number System ◽  
Rational Numbers ◽  
Approximate Number System ◽  
Math Skills ◽  
Detection Mechanism ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Rational Explanation

Abstract The proposal by Clarke and Beck offers a new explanation for the association between the approximate number system (ANS) and math. Previous explanations have largely relied on developmental arguments, an underspecified notion of the ANS as an “error detection mechanism,” or affective factors. The proposal that the ANS represents rational numbers suggests that it may directly support a broader range of math skills.

Toward an integrative approach to numerical cognition

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tali Leibovich ◽  
Naama Katzin ◽  
Moti Salti ◽  
Avishai Henik
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Numerical Cognition ◽  
Number System ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Approximate Number System ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Future Developments

AbstractIn response to the commentaries, we have refined our suggested model and discussed ways in which the model could be further expanded. In this context, we have elaborated on the role of specific continuous magnitudes. We have also found it important to devote a section to evidence considered the “smoking gun” of the approximate number system theory, including cross-modal studies, animal studies, and so forth. Lastly, we suggested some ways in which the scientific community can promote more transparent and collaborative research by using an open science approach, sharing both raw data and stimuli. We thank the contributors for their enlightening comments and look forward to future developments in the field.

The Role of Non-Numerical Stimulus Features in Approximate Number System Training in Preschoolers from Low-Income Homes

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Wagner Fuhs ◽  
Nicole M. McNeil ◽  
Ken Kelley ◽  
Connor O’Rear ◽  
Michael Villano
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Number System ◽  
Approximate Number System ◽  
Stimulus Features

Purification and characterization of Caenorhabditis elegans NTH, a homolog of human endonuclease III: Essential role of N-terminal region

DNA Repair ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 844-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Morinaga ◽  
Shin-Ichiro Yonekura ◽  
Nobuya Nakamura ◽  
Hiroshi Sugiyama ◽  
Shuji Yonei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Endonuclease Iii
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