Resource Conflict Resolution in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 489-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Vivian Zhan ◽  
Zeng Ming
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
Resource Wealth ◽  
Local Capture

AbstractMineral resource extraction has frequently caused social tensions in China. This research examines the reactive and pre-emptive strategies used by the Chinese state to cope with resource conflicts. Based on extensive fieldwork in multiple mining areas, we find that the Chinese local state actively mediates between the mining sector and local citizens, and skilfully suppresses collective protests. More importantly, it pre-emptively intervenes in dispute-prone processes and redistributes resource wealth to create vested interests and mitigate popular grievances. We argue that the active state intervention in resource conflicts in China is driven by the party-state's tight control of local officials, which prevents local capture by resource interests, and enabled by the party-state's deep reach into society, which allows grassroots governments to negotiate between conflicting interests and mobilize resources towards conflict resolution.

A price worth fighting for? Natural resources and conflict recurrence

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Aas Rustad ◽  
Helga Malmin Binningsbø
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Resource Distribution ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Internal Armed Conflict ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Number Of Publications

While a number of publications show that natural resources are associated with internal armed conflict, surprisingly little research looks at how natural resources affect post-conflict peace. This article therefore investigates the relationship between natural resources and post-conflict peace by analyzing new data on natural resource conflicts. We argue that the effect of natural resources on peace depends on how a country’s natural resources can constitute a motive or opportunity for armed conflict. In particular, three mechanisms may link natural resources to conflict recurrence: disagreements over natural resource distribution may motivate rebellion; using natural resources as a funding source creates an opportunity for conflict; and natural resources may aggravate existing conflict, acting either as motivation or opportunity for rebellion, but through other mechanisms than distributional claims or funding. Our data code all internal armed conflicts between 1946 and 2006 according to the presence of these resource–conflict links. We claim such mechanisms increase the risk of conflict recurrence because access to natural resources is an especially valuable prize worth fighting for. We test our hypotheses using a piecewise exponential survival model and find that, bivariately, armed conflicts with any of these resource–conflict mechanisms are more likely to resume than non-resource conflicts. A multivariate analysis distinguishing between the three mechanisms reveals that this relationship is significant only for conflicts motivated by natural resource distribution issues. These findings are important for researchers and policymakers interested in overcoming the ‘curse’ associated with natural resources and suggest that the way forward lies in natural resource management policies carefully designed to address the specific resource–conflict links.

Water Resource Conflict Resolution Based on Interactive Tradeoffs Display

1998 ◽  
pp. 447-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Lotov ◽  
V. A. Bushenkov ◽  
G. K. Kamenev ◽  
D. P. Loucks ◽  
A. S. Camara
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Resource Conflict

Reaching for ripeness: promoting negotiation through unilateral conciliatory action

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnston S. Barkat
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Economic Aid ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Do So

PurposeWhile the process of negotiation has been studied extensively, little research has been done on the factors that lead parties to the negotiation table. In light of this, the purpose of this paper is to examine effects of unilateral conciliatory initiatives (UCIs) (actions) on the willingness and preparedness of parties to negotiate.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a separate-sample posttest, 2 × 3 factorial design. Subjects were placed into simulated intractable resource- and identity-based conflicts. Groups then received UCIs (in the form of economic aid and apology) intended to benefit the other and contribute to a high commitment to de-escalation (ripeness). Ripeness was measured by increased empathy; and decreased distrust, escalatory behaviors (operationalized as aggression and autistic hostility), anger, win-lose/competitive orientation and negative attributions.FindingsUCIs were shown to impact both the state and the process of ripeness. Apology facilitated ripeness in an identity conflict and positively impacted five of the six resistance areas in a resource conflict. Economic aid likewise affected ripeness in an identity conflict but did not impact a resource conflict better than an apology. The offer of an apology affected empathy in both conflict types but economic aid did not do so in a resource conflict. It was also observed that an identity-based conflict produced less trust and increased negative attributions than did a resource conflict.Originality/valueThis suggests that identity and resource conflicts activate some resistance areas differently. It also reveals that similar interventions may be effective in both conflicts but that each UCI affects particular resistance areas differently. The findings suggest that there should be an increased emphasis on apology by conflict resolution practitioners. The practical and theoretical implications of apologies and resource sharing in de-escalation are discussed, to facilitate their appropriate use in resolution strategies that reduce tensions within conflict.

scholarly journals Reviewing the links between climate change and resource conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-152
Author(s):  
Abugu Nkechinyere Anthonia ◽  
Yero Ahmed Bello ◽  
Odele Muyiwa Oliatan ◽  
Irene Amahagbor Macaulay
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Change Climate ◽  
The Relationship

Knowledge of the relationship between climate change and resource conflict is paramount in resolving resource conflict between farmers and herdsmen in Nigeria. However, there is yet no general agreement on how climate change causes or influences resource conflict. Thus, a review of existing literature that link climate change and resource conflict was conducted for identification of the missing link. These were achieved through the review of literature published in the era of the recent global climate change from late 90s to date. Selections of papers were based on the topic and date of publication. Result showed that there is general agreement that climate change influence resource conflicts. Some of the authors agreed that climate change cannot cause resource conflict in isolation but through influences on other factors that affect resource availability, accessibility and utility. These factors are also influenced by policies and socio-cultural system. Thus, resource conflict may be a secondary or tertiary effect of climate change. Climate change solution is scares in literature that linked climate change and resource conflict. Thus, future studies should be focused on climate change solution to resource conflict. Keywords: Climate change, Resource conflict, Literature review, Famers

The Resource Conflicts Detecting Method of Virtual Manufacturing Cell Based on Bayesian Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 655-657 ◽  
pp. 1650-1655
Author(s):  
Wen Min Han ◽  
Xiang Zun Bu ◽  
Juan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Conflict Detection ◽  
Virtual Manufacturing ◽  
Bayesian Network Model ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Manufacturing Cell ◽  
Virtual Cell ◽  
Detecting Method

Resource conflicts have new characteristics under the condition of virtual manufacturing cell. The existing model tools have a shortage in solving the resource conflict detection of virtual cell. So this paper puts forward a new method of resource conflicts detection on virtual manufacturing cell. According to the resource plan of productive task, Bayesian network model of virtual manufacturing cell was established. We raised the model of resource conflicts occurring on the basis of the Bayesian network. We detected the position and quantity of the resource conflicts in the Bayesian network in accordance with the model of resource conflicts occurring. Then we used an example to verify this method. The results show that this method is feasible and effective. The method lays the foundation of the specific resolution of the resource conflicts on virtual cell.

scholarly journals Conflict Resolution in Coastal Resource Utilization among Fishermen and Unconventional Tin Miners

Society ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Endang Bidayani ◽  
Kurniawan Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Spatial Use ◽  
The Government

Coastal as an open-access resource has the potential to cause conflict with spatial use. This research aims to analyze the conflict in the utilization of coastal resources among fishermen and unconventional tin miners. This research used a survey research method with qualitative descriptive research, including income analysis, employment opportunities, education, and health. Respondents in this research were fishermen and unconventional tin miners in Bangka Tengah district, including Batu Belubang village - Pangkalan Baru sub-district, Kurau village - Koba sub-district, and Baskara Bhakti village - Namang sub-district. Data collection using methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. Conflicts are analyzed through a stakeholder analysis approach with an onion analysis approach. The results showed that there were four main issues triggering conflict: 1) environmental issues; 2) social issues; 3) law violation issues; 4) economic issues. Conflict resolution that is collaborative with a negotiation approach that combines elements of the user community (fishing groups and unconventional miners) and the government known as Co-Management which avoids the excessive dominant role of one party in the management of coastal and marine resources, including equitable division of territory between fishing and mining areas, with reference to coastal and marine spatial regulations in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia.

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