The Nucleus in the Spores of Rhinosporangium seeberi

Rhinosporidiosis is a disease occurring usually in the tropics and is characterized by the production of nasal polyps supposedly caused by a fungus, Rhinosporangium seeberi, which was claimed after light microscopic studies to proliferate by “amitotic” division of the nucleus. The organism was studied electron microscopically and the spores were found to be bound by a non-collagenous wall enclosing a variety of vesicles, some containing smooth amorphous material, others coiled threads, and still others dark granules. Typically mitochondria, endoplasmic tubules, Golgi, and a membrane-bound nucleus were not seen although a few rudimentary membrane-bound spaces are present. These features as well as failure to culture the organism cast doubts about its taxonomic position, and it seemed the organism was essentially some nucleic acid complex organizing mucopolysaccharides in subepithelial zones in the nasal mucous membrane.

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Features of the inflammatory process of the nasal mucous membrane and paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Science and Innovations in Medicine ◽

10.35693/2500-1388-2021-6-3-13-16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Rimma M. Pestova ◽

Elena E. Saveleva ◽

Liliya F. Aznabaeva

Keyword(s):

Nasal Cavity ◽

Mucous Membrane ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

High Intensity ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Nasal Mucous Membrane ◽

Extracellular Peroxidase ◽

Maxillary Sinuses

Objectives to assess the features of the inflammatory process of the nasal mucous membrane and sinuses in patients with сhronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Material and methods. We analyzed the results of examination of 44 patients with CRSwNP. The objects of investigation were smears-reprints from the mucous membrane of the middle turbinate (rhinocytograms) and the intensity of the extracellular peroxidase activity of the lavage fluids of the maxillary sinuses. The data obtained were processed using the Statistica 8.0 software. Results. When analyzing rhinocytograms of the mucous membrane of the middle turbinates, the epithelial type of rhinocytogram was most often detected in 65.9% of cases (epithelial cells more than 50%); the eosinophilic type in 22.7% (eosinophils more than 1%) and smears with mast cells in 4.6% of cases; the neutrophilic type was less frequent (neutrophils more than 50%) 6.8% of cases. In 34.1% of patients, the cells of the columnar epithelium had pronounced changes in the cytoplasm (vacuolization and enzymatic activity); and in 38.6% of cases the gross pathology was recorded directly in the nucleus of the cells (nucleoli, granules, destruction of the nucleus). The revealed pathology of the cell nucleus suggests the viral etiology of the development of productive inflammation in the nasal cavity and sinuses In the lavage fluids of the maxillary sinuses, a high intensity of extracellular peroxidase activity was recorded (1777.9132.4 a.u. compared to 1225.0190.9 a.u. in patients with chronic purulent rhinosinusitis and 1245.0362.3 a.u. in patients with purulent-polypous rhinosinusitis). Conclusion. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is accompanied by a pronounced inflammatory process of the nasal mucous membrane and paranasal sinuses in the form of structural and functional changes in the cells of the columnar epithelium and a high intensity of extracellular peroxidase activity. The epithelial nucleus damage (the presence of nucleoli, granules, destruction of the nucleus) suggests a viral nature with the development of productive inflammation in the nasal cavity and sinuses.

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An overview of recent taxonomic studies on Euphorbiaceae s.l. in Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/s2175-78602012000100014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 227-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ricardo de S. Secco ◽

Inês Cordeiro ◽

Luci de Senna-Vale ◽

Margareth F. de Sales ◽

Letícia Ribes de Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Taxonomic Position ◽

Diverse Families ◽

Taxonomic Studies ◽

The Tropics

The Euphorbiaceae sensu lato are distributed mainly in the tropics, in various types of vegetation and habitats, being one of the largest, most complex and diverse families of angiosperms. It has recently been divided into four families, according to classification systems based on molecular phylogeny: Euphorbiaceae sensu stricto, Phyllanthaceae, Putranjivaceae, and Picrodendraceae. There is a proposition to establish Peraceae still under discussion. There were also changes in the taxonomic position of genera widely distributed in the Brazilian territory, such as Amanoa, Drypetes, Pera, Phyllanthus, Podocalyx, Pogonophora, and Richeria, among others. In addition, new species have been proposed and the limits of taxa distribution are expanding in Brazil. Thus, the authors provide an overview of recent studies and advances in the taxonomy of Euphorbiaceae s.l. in the Northern, Northeastern, Southeastern and Southern regions of Brazil, concentrating on review works and regional floras, as well as the changes that resulted in setting a new taxonomic family.

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