The presence of HBV mRNA in the fertilized in vitro embryo of HBV patients confirms vertical transmission of HBV via the ovum

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 926-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. YE ◽  
Y. JIN ◽  
Y. KONG ◽  
J. Z. SHI ◽  
H. T. QIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYThis study aimed to confirm that vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) can occur via the infected ovum. Specimens studied were obtained from discarded test-tube embryos from mothers with chronic HBV infection who had received in vitro fertilization treatment. Single-cell reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction was used to detect HBV mRNA in the embryos. HBV mRNA was detected in the cleavage embryos of patients with chronic HBV infection, with a detection rate of 13·2% (5/38). The level of serum HBV DNA was not related to the HBV mRNA positivity rates in embryos. In this study, HBV mRNA was detected in test-tube embryos from HBV-infected mothers who had received in vitro fertilization treatment. This confirms the theory of vertical transmission of HBV via the ovum, thereby providing an important theoretical basis for further study on the mechanism of HBV vertical transmission, influencing factors and blocking measures.

scholarly journals Significance of Hepatitis B Virus Diagnosis by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction over Serological Markers in Hepatitis B Virus Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Amer A. Khaleel ◽  
Salah T. Jalal ◽  
Saeed G. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hbs Antigen ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Nucleic Acid Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of viral hepatitis, as currently over 2 billion people have HBV infection worldwide. Nucleic acid assay and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) have been developed for diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring of patients with HBV infection. These tests might also show correlation between HBV DNA and HBs serostatus. The study aimed to find and analyze the frequency and impact of HBsAg seropositivity among patients revealed HBV DNA negative level through quantitative estimation of both seromarkers. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Elecsys assays were used for quantitative estimation of HBV DNA and HBs antigen, respectively. A total of 256 blood samples were used from patients referred for either diagnostic purpose and/or HBV viral load monitoring after antiviral therapy. Blood profile analysis showed 12.26% HBs antigen seropositivity among patients revealed negative for nucleic acid assay for HBV DNA. Positive HBs antigen titers ranged from 1000–50,000 COI, with seronegative anti-HBs antibody test for all samples tested positive for HBs antigen. This study delineated that negative or undetectable quantitation of HBV DNA level does not exclude HBV infection; as the level might fluctuate in different phases of HBV replication. This gives an impression and raising a question about significance of replacing test for HBsAg with quantitation of HBV DNA PCR assay. Thus, the study refers to a special HBV profile outside the classical pattern.

scholarly journals Quantification of intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in patients with chronic HBV infection

Hepatology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cacciola ◽  
Teresa Pollicino ◽  
Giovanni Squadrito ◽  
Giovanni Cerenzia ◽  
Daniela Villari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

scholarly journals Establishment of a Mouse Model of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Purification of Hepatic Parenchymal and Non-Parenchymal Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yan ◽  
Chantsalmaa Davgadorj
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Infected People ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

The use of replication-competent hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA to construct a mouse model will help explore antiviral treatment strategies for more than 240 million patients infected with HBV worldwide. Eradication of chronic HBV infection can effectively block the adverse consequences of HBV-induced hepatic cirrhosis, failure and carcinoma. The core reason that HBV is difficult to eradicate is that most of infected people develop chronic HBV infection due to the establishment of immune tolerance. Here, we introduce a mouse model of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-HBV transfection, which produces HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) that can be maintained for more than 6 months. During virus replication, intermediates, transcripts, and proteins can be detected in peripheral blood. At the same time, the prerequisite for studying liver disease formation and immunotherapy through in vitro experiments is to isolate hepatic subgroup cells. Here, we describe a cell sorting method based on liberase perfusion technology combined with low-speed centrifugation and magnetic bead antibody labeling to purify hepatic parenchymal cells (PCs) and non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) step by step from murine liver, such as hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs), which will help accelerate the study of the genetic and clearance mechanistic of chronic HBV infection.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration: In Vitro Models for Investigating Viral Pathogenesis and Persistence

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Thomas Tu ◽  
Henrik Zhang ◽  
Stephan Urban
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Dna Integration ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Globally Distributed

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a globally-distributed pathogen and is a major cause of liver disease. HBV (or closely-related animal hepadnaviruses) can integrate into the host genome, but (unlike retroviruses) this integrated form is replication-defective. The specific role(s) of the integrated HBV DNA has been a long-standing topic of debate. Novel in vitro models of HBV infection combined with sensitive molecular assays now enable researchers to investigate this under-characterised phenomenon with greater ease and precision. This review covers the contributions these systems have made to understanding how HBV DNA integration induces liver cancer and facilitates viral persistence. We summarise the current findings into a working model of chronic HBV infection and discuss the clinical implications of this hypothetical framework on the upcoming therapeutic strategies used to curb HBV-associated pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnancy: Immunological Response, Natural Course and Pregnancy Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Sirinart Sirilert ◽  
Theera Tongsong
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

This review aimed to provide an update on the impact of pregnancy on the natural course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and also on the impact of HBV infection on adverse pregnancy outcomes, including mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). For the literature review, original research articles, review articles, and guidelines were narratively reviewed and comprehensively validated. The databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were carefully searched for articles in English on topics related to HBV infection, pregnancy, and vertical transmission from 1960 to May 2021. Immunological changes during pregnancy such as suppression of Th1 response and induction of Th2 immunity lead to an impaired immune reaction to HBV and stimulate viral activity along with the reduction of CD8 T cells to escape immune detection. The impact of pregnancy on the natural course of chronic HBV infection seems to be minimal, while pregnancy can increase morbidity and mortality in the case of advanced HBV hepatitis or cirrhosis. Importantly, hepatitis flare or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare can occur during pregnancy and is more common during the postpartum period due to the interaction between HBV and the immune response. Interestingly, the impact of HBV infection on adverse pregnancy outcomes is more serious than ever thought. Updated evidence indicates that pregnancies with chronic HBV infection increase the risk of preterm birth and gestational diabetes, especially in cases of positive hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg).

scholarly journals G‐to‐A Hypermutation in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Clinical Course of Patients with Chronic HBV Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 199 (11) ◽  
pp. 1599-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiemi Noguchi ◽  
Michio Imamura ◽  
Masataka Tsuge ◽  
Nobuhiko Hiraga ◽  
Nami Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

scholarly journals Primary Tupaia Javanica Hepatocyte Culture as an In Vitro Model for Human Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Kemal Fariz Kalista ◽  
Maryati Surya ◽  
Silmi Mariya ◽  
Diah Iskandriati ◽  
Irsan Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Vitro Model

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still one of the biggest health problems in the world, which could lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment for HBV infection has not yet achieved a functional cure. More studies are needed to investigate human HBV (HuHBV), but the scarcity of animal models for HuHBV infection became a barrier. Recently, many studies have shown that Tupaia are suitable for the study of HuHBV. The purpose of this study was to develop a primary tupaia hepatocyte (PTH) culture from T. javanica, a species of Tupaia found in Indonesia, and to prove that HuHBV can replicate in the PTH.Method: In vitro experimental study using PTH isolated from five wild adult T. javanica in Primate Research Center, IPB University. HuHBV was taken from humans with HBsAg and HBV-DNA (+). PTH cells then were infected with HuHBV after reaching 80% confluence. Observation on PTH cells was done everyday for 20 days. Qualitative and quantitative HBsAg were measured using a CMIA while HBV-DNA and cccDNA were measured by RT-PCR.Results: A cytopathic effect was seen on day post infection (DPI)-16. HBsAg and HBV-DNA were detected from DPI-2 until DPI-18, with HBV-DNA level peaked on DPI-12. cccDNA concentration was fluctuating from DPI-2 until DPI-20 with highest level on DPI-16.Conclusion: HuHBV could infect and replicate in PTH from T. javanica can be infected with HuHBV and HuHBV can replicate in the PTH from T. javanica.

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