‘Distant Lands’: The Management of Absentee Estates in Woodland High Suffolk, 1660–1800

Rural History ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Theobald
Keyword(s):  
Early Stages ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Estate Management ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were a time when many of the landed classes chose to be absent from their estates. However, this same period also saw the early stages of a so-called ‘revolution’ in agricultural methods and techniques. This article, therefore, evaluates the impact of non-residency on estate management structures and agricultural progress. Specific issues examined here include the role of the steward, leasing policy, the promotion of new farming techniques and estate investment by the landlord. In this context, comparisons will be made between absentee, semi-resident and resident estates for the region of Woodland High Suffolk.

The Basque-Cantabrian Basin: a natural laboratory to study the reactivation of a hyperextended system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Miro Padrisa ◽  
Patricia Cadenas ◽  
Rodolphe Lescoutre ◽  
Josep Anton Muñoz ◽  
Gianreto Manatschal
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Present Part ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basque Cantabrian Basin ◽  
Natural Laboratory

<p>The Basque – Cantabrian Basin (BCB) corresponds to a Mesozoic hyperextended rift basin that was subsequently reactivated from Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic and is at present part of the Pyrenean orogen. Numerous studies have addressed the role of rift inheritance on the formation of orogens, but little consideration has been given to the rift segmentation and the along strike variability. In the BCB, most studies focused on a section at the central part of the basin, despite the amount of geological and geophysical data available on the entire area, which make it a perfect natural laboratory to study the reactivation of a hyperextended basin.</p><p>The aim of this study is threefold: (I) reveal the 3D geometry and the along strike variability of the BCB by doing three N-S transversal cross sections from east to west; (II) define the rift domains and their limits; and (III) study the impact of rift inheritance during the compressional reactivation mainly focusing on the former distal rift domains.</p><p>Our preliminary results show that the BCB is affected by a multistage and polyphase rift evolution including a first, widespread Permo – Triassic rift phase including Late Triassic salt, a Late Jurassic to Barremian extensional phase and a more prominent Aptian to Middle Cenomanian hyperextension phase.  This complex rift template had a major impact on the subsequent reactivation and can explain some of the along strike variabilities observed within the three regional cross sections. To the east, the BCB was completely reactivated and transported to the south over the Late Triassic salt, which acted as a decoupling level. On the contrary, the westernmost section preserves the rift-related structures only weakly reactivated, providing direct insights on the early stages of reactivation. Our observations show that underthrusting/subduction initiates within the exhumed mantle domain, while during initial collision, the necking domains acted as a buttress. Decollement levels during early stages are located in the former rift distal domains and use serpentinized mantle rocks, while during collision they migrate to more external parts and use intra-basement decoupling levels such as the ductile middle crust and/or salt horizons.</p><p>Key words: Rift inheritance, Pyrenees, Basque – Cantabrian Basin, hyperextension.</p>

scholarly journals The Adenosinergic System in Diabetic Retinopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vindeirinho ◽  
A. R. Santiago ◽  
C. Cavadas ◽  
A. F. Ambrósio ◽  
P. F. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Adenosine Receptors ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Impact

The neurodegenerative and inflammatory environment that is prevalent in the diabetic eye is a key player in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. The adenosinergic system is widely regarded as a significant modulator of neurotransmission and the inflammatory response, through the actions of the four types of adenosine receptors (A1R, A2AR, A2BR, and A3R), and thus could be revealed as a potential player in the events unfolding in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. Herein, we review the studies that explore the impact of diabetic conditions on the retinal adenosinergic system, as well as the role of the said system in ameliorating or exacerbating those conditions. The experimental results described suggest that this system is heavily affected by diabetic conditions and that the modulation of its components could reveal potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, particularly in the early stages of the disease.

scholarly journals Capitalising on chaos – exploring the impact and future of social media influencer engagement during the early stages of a global pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2095815
Author(s):  
Catherine Archer ◽  
Katharina Wolf ◽  
Joseph Nalloor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Disaster Capitalism ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the role of influencers during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the impact of the global pandemic on Social Media Influencers’ (SMIs) lifestyle and business model, using the concept of Disaster Capitalism as a springboard for discussion. Worldwide it first appeared that the global pandemic would severely impact SMI sole traders, as income from travel, luxury goods and other ‘lifestyle’ brands dried up. However, we suggest that brands and influencers themselves have pivoted to meet the COVID challenge, with some brands exploiting the opaque influence of these micro-celebrities. We further suggest that while a handful of governments and health organisations have recognised the reach and social capital of SMIs, their potential in health communication has been underutilised. We write this essay as a starting point, raising questions and calling for further research to be conducted to inform the understanding of SMIs’ role and potential as conveyors of public health information.

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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