Disaster and Terrorism: Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn D. Walser ◽  
Josef I. Ruzek ◽  
Amy E. Naugle ◽  
Christine Padesky ◽  
Diana M. Ronell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Mental Health Effects

AbstractThe mental health effects of disaster and terrorism have moved to the forefront in the recent past following the events of 11 September 2001 in the United States. Although there has been a protracted history by mental health researchers and practitioners to study, understand, prevent, and treat mental health problems arising as a result of disasters and terrorism, there still is much to learn about the effects and treatment of trauma. Continued communication among disaster workers, first-response medical personnel, and mental health professionals is part of this process. This paper outlines current knowledge regarding the psychological effects of trauma and best cognitive-behavioral practices used to treat trauma reactions. More specifically, the information presented is a summary of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions that are relevant for responding to and dealing with the aftermath of disasters.

Uninsured Children With Psychosocial Problems: Primary Care Management

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 106 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 930-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. McInerny ◽  
Peter G. Szilagyi ◽  
George E. Childs ◽  
Richard C. Wasserman ◽  
Kelly J. Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavior Study ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Uninsured Children ◽  
Primary Care Practices

Objective. Nearly 14% of children in the United States are uninsured. We compared the prevalence of psychosocial problems and mental health services received by insured and uninsured children in primary care practices. Methods. The Child Behavior Study was a cohort study conducted by Pediatric Research in Office Settings and the Ambulatory Sentinel Practice Network. Four hundred one primary care clinicians enrolled an average sample of 55 consecutive children (4–15 years old) per clinician. Results. Of the 13 401 visits to clinicians with 3 or more uninsured patients, 12 518 were by insured children (93.4%) and 883 were by uninsured children (6.6%). A higher percentage of adolescents, Hispanic children, those with unmarried parents, and those with less educated parents were uninsured. According to clinicians, uninsured children and insured children had similar rates of psychosocial problems (19%) and severe psychosocial problems (2%). For children with a clinician-identified psychosocial problem, we found no differences in clinician-reported counseling, medication use, or referral to mental health professionals. Conclusions. Among children served in primary care practices, uninsured children have similar prevalence of clinician-identified psychosocial and mental health problems compared with insured children. Within their practices, clinicians managed uninsured children much the same way as insured children.psychosocial problems, uninsured children, pediatrics, family medicine, primary care.

scholarly journals Remote cognitive behavioral therapy for viral anxiety associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Alexey I. Melehin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Relevance. The coronavirus pandemic has had a significant negative impact on the mental health of the population leading to an increase in anxiety disorders, depression, sleep disorders, eating disorders and alcohol abuse. This situation urgently demanded the introduction of a new method of providing psychological assistance, taking into account the inaccessibility of its full-time forms (“face to face”) in an epidemic. The objective of the article is to acquaint Russian mental health professionals with the specifics of the application and the effectiveness of short-term distance cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy in minimizing viral anxiety associated with the coronavirus pandemic. Results. The general specificity of conducting distance cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is described, its advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. The components of remote examination of the mental state of a patient with viral anxiety are described. The modules are presented and the effectiveness of the E.M. Anderson short-term protocol of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy is shown. It is aimed at influencing the patient’s anxiety caused by the virus by minimizing dysfunctional strategies for regulating negative emotions (anxious rumination, catastrophization, health anxiety) and replacing them with more flexible ones (acceptance and responsibility, a sense of optimal awareness, a positive time perspective for the future, decatastrophization). Conclusions. The available data show that in the digital age, the use of adapted distance protocols of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy can be an effective tactic for reducing dysfunctional viral anxiety by promoting adaptive emotion regulation strategies, which has significant potential for improving public health in Russia.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Hoarding Disorder

2017 ◽  
pp. 687-690
Author(s):  
Michael A. Tompkins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Hoarding Disorder ◽  
Niche Area

Hoarding disorder is a fascinating psychological problem. Because it is a low-insight condition, few individuals seek treatment for the condition. The author of this chapter encourages mental health professionals who wish to develop a niche practice in the treatment of hoarding disorder to broaden their expertise to include not only cognitive-behavioral therapy but also consultations to family members and to agencies who work with people who hoard; to develop or to participate on hoarding taskforces in their communities; and to educate communities by making presentations to organizations who may serve people who hoard. Guidance is provided on the training needed to enter this practice niche, the business aspects of this type of practice, and the joys and challenges of this work. Resources are provided for those interested in pursuing this niche area of practice.

scholarly journals Standalone Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Ecological Momentary Interventions to Increase Mental Health: Narrative Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Anna Marciniak ◽  
Lilly Shanahan ◽  
Judith Rohde ◽  
Ava Schulz ◽  
Carolin Wackerhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Ecological Momentary

BACKGROUND A growing number of psychological interventions are delivered via smartphones with the aim of increasing the efficacy and effectiveness of these treatments and providing scalable access to interventions for improving mental health. Most of the scientifically tested apps are based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles, which are considered the gold standard for the treatment of most mental health problems. OBJECTIVE This review investigates standalone smartphone-based ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) built on principles derived from CBT that aim to improve mental health. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and PubMed databases for peer-reviewed studies published between January 1, 2007, and January 15, 2020. We included studies focusing on standalone app-based approaches to improve mental health and their feasibility, efficacy, or effectiveness. Both within- and between-group designs and studies with both healthy and clinical samples were included. Blended interventions, for example, app-based treatments in combination with psychotherapy, were not included. Selected studies were evaluated in terms of their design, that is, choice of the control condition, sample characteristics, EMI content, EMI delivery characteristics, feasibility, efficacy, and effectiveness. The latter was defined in terms of improvement in the primary outcomes used in the studies. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were selected. The results show that EMIs based on CBT principles can be successfully delivered, significantly increase well-being among users, and reduce mental health symptoms. Standalone EMIs were rated as helpful (mean 70.8%, SD 15.3; n=4 studies) and satisfying for users (mean 72.6%, SD 17.2; n=7 studies). CONCLUSIONS Study quality was heterogeneous, and feasibility was often not reported in the reviewed studies, thus limiting the conclusions that can be drawn from the existing data. Together, the studies show that EMIs may help increase mental health and thus support individuals in their daily lives. Such EMIs provide readily available, scalable, and evidence-based mental health support. These characteristics appear crucial in the context of a global crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic but may also help reduce personal and economic costs of mental health impairment beyond this situation or in the context of potential future pandemics.

scholarly journals Use of Meditation and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for the Treatment of Stress, Depression and Anxiety in Students. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel González-Valero ◽  
Félix Zurita-Ortega ◽  
José Luis Ubago-Jiménez ◽  
Pilar Puertas-Molero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Bibliographic Search

The prevalence of mental health problems within students due to high academic demands and learning difficulties is a current challenge the field of education. The aim of this study is to review the scientific literature in order to analyze the effect produced by cognitive-behavioral programs and meditation strategies on stress, anxiety, and depression in students. A further aim is to identify the determinants of treatment success. The bibliographic search was carried out using Web of Science, specifically in the categories of “Education and Educational Research” and “Psychology”, obtaining a sample of 122 articles published between 2007 and 2018. Studies were included which had a pre-experimental or quasi-experimental design and included pre-test and post-test phases. Following application of inclusion criteria, 34 articles were selected for inclusion in a meta-analysis of the random effects of each variable. This obtained an average effect size of −0.41 for stress, −0.37 for anxiety, and −0.30 for depression. Three moderating variables were analyzed, with significant correlations being found for the type of treatment relating to stress (Q = 11.01, df = 2, p = 0.004, R2 = 0.294) and depression (Q = 6.14, df = 2, p = 0.048; R2 = 0.436). The stage of education of the individuals was also found to impact upon anxiety intervention success (Q = 13.093 df = 2, p = 0.0009, R2 = 0.196). Interventions mainly addressed the importance of meditation strategies, mindfulness programs, and cognitive-behavioral therapy to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression in students. This supports the need to increase research at an early age, considering the treatment of mental health as a key factor influencing academic performance and quality of life.

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