Populism and Religion in Brazil: The View from Education Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Catarina Ianni Segatto ◽  
Mário Aquino Alves ◽  
Andrea Pineda
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Over Time

This article is a case study of Brazil, a country where Catholic-based organizations have historically played a key role in providing education and welfare services. Since the 1980s, these organizations have supported progressive changes at both the national and subnational levels. Nevertheless, the influence of religion on education policy has shifted in the last few decades. Pentecostal and Neopentecostal groups have gained prominence through representatives in the National Congress, and, in 2018, formed a coalition enabling the election of a right-wing populist President. We analyse the trajectory of religious groups’ influence on Brazil’s education policy over time (colonization to the 1980s, the 1980s to the beginning of the 2000s, and the 2000s until now) through a qualitative-historical analysis of primary and secondary data. This article argues that both Catholic and Protestant groups have influenced progressive changes in Brazil’s education policy, but they also share conservative ideas impeding further advances.

scholarly journals Promise and Pitfalls in the Use of “Secondary” Data-Sets: Income Inequality in OECD Countries as a Case Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony B Atkinson ◽  
Andrea Brandolini
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the role of secondary data-sets in empirical economic research, taking the field of income distribution as a case study. We illustrate problems faced by users of “secondary” statistics, showing how both cross-country comparisons and time-series analysis can depend sensitively on the choice of data. After describing the genealogy of secondary data-sets on income inequality, we consider the main methodological issues and discuss their implications for comparisons of income inequality across OECD countries and over time. The lessons to be drawn for the construction and use of secondary data-sets are summarized at the end of the paper.

The Outcomes of ICT Diffusion and Human Development in Malawi

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Makoza ◽  
Wallace Chigona
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Creative Life

Presented is a historical analysis of the link between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and human development outcomes in a developing country. Human Development Index was used as a theoretical lens to assess the consequences of peoples’ choices to lead a healthier, longer and more creative life. The study used Malawi as the case study. Secondary data sourced from international development agencies’ databases, and policy documents from government departments, were used in this study. The results are explained in further detail deeper into the article.

scholarly journals Business model and innovation orientations in manufacturing SMEs: An Australian multi-case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Beckett ◽  
Ross L. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Research studies of SME innovation practice observe some common themes, such as an orientation towards networking, and some differences that may seem activity-related (e.g. production or service). In this paper we suggest the kinds of innovation activity undertaken by an SME will depend on their dominant business model and owner/enterprise attitudes, each one being moderated by purposeful networking. This is illustrated in our review of data from 50 case studies, where combining a CEO narrative analysis with secondary data on the nature of the firm has identified seven generic manufacturing business models. We observe these may be adopted singly or in combination to pursue a competitive advantage, and the dominant business model may change over time as new capabilities are developed and/or in response to market changes.

scholarly journals The Environmental Implications of the Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-203
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Halim ◽  
Sumiya Majumder Rinta ◽  
Md. Al Amin ◽  
Azmira Khatun ◽  
Adnan Habib Robin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Reserve Forest

Purpose: The main focus is to find out the environmental challenges that Bangladesh is dealing for the huge influx of Rohingya refugee people to Bangladesh. The research also aims to assess the dynamic situation of the crisis, identify the roles of Bangladesh government, NGOs as well as the International Organisations’ for Rohingya refugee crisis. Methodology: This study is context-dependent on information and an inductive data analysis. The paper uses a descriptive qualitative approach case study design that focuses on primary and secondary data showing the real ground of crisis. Data has been collected from the interviewees and experts. This research sets multiple methods of data collection including documents, policy, and historical analysis. Findings: Environmental imbalance occurred due to allocating 1,000 acres forest land for providing shelters to the refugees. Reserve forest has been destroyed endangering wild elephants. And it is causing landslides in the area, soil erosion, water scarcity, extreme heat wave, extreme rainfall, drought, deforestation, air pollution, and so on. Conclusion: This research leads to identifying the areas which have already been affected. The plans that need to work on to overcome the problems and that could provide necessary and sustainable solutions for Rohingya refugee. This study also could let people know the catastrophe Bangladesh is dealing and the impacts which can cause the ecological imbalance and failure the biodiversity of the areas in a greater way. This paper could bring benefit to society and make people conscious about the environment and also make them raise voices for the conservation of environment.

scholarly journals Who Are the Squatters? Challenging Stereotypes through a Case Study of Squatting in the Dutch City of Leiden, 1970-1980

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368-1385
Author(s):  
Bart van der Steen ◽  
Charlotte van Rooden ◽  
Merel Snoep
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Dutch City ◽  
Newspaper Articles

This article investigates the development of squatting and house occupations in the Dutch city of Leiden during the 1970s to challenge stereotypical images of squatting and squatter protest in the Netherlands and beyond. Based on a historical analysis of 344 newspaper articles on squatting in the middle-sized city of Leiden from 1970 to 1980, this research not only shows the diversity of the squatter population and the ways in which the authorities responded to their actions—thus challenging the radical, confrontational, and metropolitan nature of squatting—but also analyzes how squatters were portrayed and how and why their image changed over time.

scholarly journals Explaining Dynamic Strategies for Defending Company Legitimacy: The Changing Outcomes of Anti-Sweatshop Campaigns in France and Switzerland

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Balsiger
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Strategic Responses ◽  
Interaction Dynamics ◽  
Firm Cooperation ◽  
Over Time

This article analyzes and compares the dynamically changing outcomes of anti-sweatshop campaigns in France and Switzerland through a qualitative comparative case study using interviews and analysis of firsthand and secondary data. In both countries, some targeted firms made early concessions and later withdrew from those concessions. To explain these changing outcomes over time, the article develops a perspective that puts emphasis on interaction phases and highlights corporate strategic responses to anti-sweatshop movement demands. Analyzing those responses as driven by legitimacy contests between companies and activists, the study explains why anti-sweatshop movements had significant outcomes early on and shows the mechanisms that allowed firms to withdraw from initial concessions at a later stage. In the course of changing interaction dynamics and contexts, companies developed strategies building on competing sources of legitimacy to circumvent movement demands. The companies thereby compensated for the legitimacy losses inflicted by their withdrawal from earlier concessions and the legitimacy deficits of other solutions. The analysis reveals three strategies firms used to achieve and compensate legitimacy and discusses their contextual combination comparing the two cases: inter-firm cooperation, ethical product labels originating in collaborations with competing social movement actors, and publicly fighting back against campaign makers.

The Politics of Repressed Guilt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Leeb
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
The Right

Through a critical appropriation of Hannah Arendt, and a more sympathetic engagement with Theodor W. Adorno and psychoanalysis, this book develops a new theoretical approach to understanding Austrians’ repression of their collaboration with National Socialist Germany. Drawing on original, extensive archival research, from court documents on Nazi perpetrators to public controversies on theater plays and museums, the book exposes the defensive mechanisms Austrians have used to repress individual and collective political guilt, which led to their failure to work through their past. It exposes the damaging psychological and political consequences such failure has had and continues to have for Austrian democracy today—such as the continuing electoral growth of the right-wing populist Freedom Party in Austria, which highlights the timeliness of the book. However, the theoretical concepts and practical suggestions the book introduces to counteract the repression of individual and collective political guilt are relevant beyond the Austrian context. It shows us that only when individuals and nations live up to guilt are they in a position to take responsibility for past crimes, show solidarity with the victims of crimes, and prevent the emergence of new crimes. Combining theoretical insights with historical analysis, The Politics of Repressed Guilt is an important addition to critical scholarship that explores the pathological implications of guilt repression for democratic political life.

Cyber crimes in the banking sector: Case study of Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
LE Thanh Tam ◽  
Nguyen Minh Chau ◽  
Pham Ngoc Mai ◽  
Ngo Ha Phuong ◽  
Vu Khanh Huyen Tran
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Cyber Crimes

The technological revolution 4.0 brings great opportunities, but also cybercrimes to economic sectors, especially to banks. Using secondary data and survey results of 305 bank clients, the main findings of this paper are: (i) there are several types of cybercrimes in the banking sector; (ii) Vietnam is one of the top countries worldwide having hackers and being attacked by hackers, especially the banking sector. Three most common attacks are skimming, hacking and phishing. Number of cybercrime attacks in Vietnam are increasing rapidly over years; (iii) Vietnamese customers are very vulnerable to cybercrime in banking, as more than 58% seem to hear about cybercrimes, and how banks provide services to let them know about their transactions. However, more than 50% do not have any deep knowledge or any measures for preventing cybercrime; (iii) Customers believe in banks, but do not think that banks can deal with cybercrime issues well. They still feel traditional transactions are more secure than e-transactions; (iv) the reasons for high cybercrimes come from commercial banks (low management and human capacity), supporting environment (inadequate), legal framework (not yet strong and strict enough on cybercrimes), and clients (low level of financial literacy). Therefore, several solutions should be carried out, from all stakeholders, for improving the cybersecurity in Vietnamese banks. 

When Culturally Significant Songs are Decontextualised: The Initiation Song Somagwaza, A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Dowling ◽  
Somikazi Deyi ◽  
Anele Gobodwana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Popular Song ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Ritual Music ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Small Focus ◽  
Over Time

While there have been a number of studies on the decontextualisation and secularisation of traditional ritual music in America, Taiwan and other parts of the globe, very little has been written on the processes and transformations that South Africa’s indigenous ceremonial songs go through over time. This study was prompted by the authors’ interest in, and engagement with the Xhosa initiation song Somagwaza, which has been re-imagined as a popular song, but has also purportedly found its way into other religious spaces. In this article, we attempted to investigate the extent to which the song Somagwaza is still associated with the Xhosa initiation ritual and to analyse evidence of it being decontextualised and secularised in contemporary South Africa. Our methodology included an examination of the various academic treatments of the song, an analysis of the lyrics of a popular song, bearing the same name, holding small focus group discussions, and distributing questionnaires to speakers of isiXhosa on the topic of the song. The data gathered were analysed using the constant comparative method of analysing qualitative research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document