Genetic differentiation and diversity of sugarbeet germplasm resistant to the sugarbeet root maggot

AbstractGermplasm lines with resistance to the sugarbeet root maggot (SBRM) have been developed and released to the public, providing a means to generate hybrids with resistance against the most devastating insect pest of sugarbeet in North America. Effective use of this germplasm, however, requires knowledge of relative strengths of SBRM resistance between lines and knowledge of the diversity and genetic relationships between germplasm. Therefore, field studies comparing SBRM resistance of four released SBRM-resistant germplasm lines (F1015, F1016, F1024 and F1043), a SBRM-resistant parent (PI 179180) and an unreleased SBRM-resistant population (F1055) were performed, and genetic analysis of the diversity and relationships between SBRM-resistant germplasm and their available parents was conducted using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Under natural SBRM infestations, resistant germplasm exhibited significantly less SBRM damage than a susceptible control, with similar, high levels of resistance in F1016, F1024, F1043, F1055 and PI 179180 and lower resistance in F1015. SSR analysis revealed genetic similarities between F1016, F1024 and F1055, while F1015 and F1043 were genetically distinct from these lines. Among resistant genotypes, F1015 and F1043 exhibited greatest and least within-line genetic diversity, indicating greater and lesser inbreeding for F1043 and F1015, respectively. Similarities in damage ratings and genetics for F1016, F1024 and F1055 indicate that these lines are likely to be equally effective at introducing SBRM resistance into elite populations and in combining ability. In contrast, F1043, with its unique parentage and genetic dissimilarity from other resistant lines, provides a genetically distinct, but similarly effective, source of SBRM resistance.

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Do applications of sulfur or sulfate influence infestations of root maggots (Delia spp.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in canola?

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p01-081 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 599-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. M. Dosdall ◽

R. -C. Yang ◽

P. M. Conway

Keyword(s):

Brassica Rapa ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Elemental Sulfur ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Application Rate ◽

Delia Radicum ◽

Application Methods ◽

Root Maggot ◽

Sulfur Nutrition

While the importance of sulfur nutrition for the development of healthy stands of canola is well documented, the role of sulfur in the management of insect pest infestations has not previously been investigated in this crop. Field experiments were conducted at three sites in central Alberta in 1997 and 1998 to determine the influence of sulfur and sulfate applications on infestations of root maggots (Delia spp.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in canola (Brassica rapa L.). Different formulations (granules, powder, prills, and sprays), application methods (either drilled in with the seed or top-dressed on the soil surface), and application rates were evaluated. To assess the degree of root maggot infestation, oviposition throughout the season and damage to taproots at the end of the season were monitored. Sulfur contents were analyzed from leaf samples collected mid-season and seed yields were measured from all treatment plots. Root maggot responses to the different sulfur treatments and application methods varied among years and sites, indicating that environmental factors have great importance in determining infestation levels by these pests, and the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur in soil. Sulfur formulation and application rate had significant effects on root maggot egg deposition and root damage for some sites and years, but even at high rates of application (112 kg ha-1) reductions in infestation levels were not substantial relative to the controls. While sulfur additions alone will not greatly reduce root maggot infestation levels in canola, growers should employ adequate sulfur nutrition for optimum crop health to enable plants to better compensate for damage by these pests. Key words: Brassica rapa, Delia radicum, Delia floralis, elemental sulfur, sulfate, canola

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Breeding for Resistance to the Sugarbeet Root Maggot 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183x002200030051x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 641-645 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. C. Thuerer ◽

C. C. Blickenstaff ◽

G. G. Mahrt ◽

Devon L. Doney

Keyword(s):

Breeding For Resistance ◽

Sugarbeet Root Maggot ◽

Root Maggot

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FACTORS INFLUENCING INFESTATION AND INJURY OF RUTABAGAS BY ROOT MAGGOTS (DIPTERA:ANTHOMYIIDAE) IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. I. FIELD STUDIES

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps58-032 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 188-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

D. C. Read

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soil ◽

Prince Edward Island ◽

Growing Season ◽

Field Studies ◽

Clay Loam ◽

High Moisture Content ◽

High Moisture ◽

Previous Season ◽

Hylemya Brassicae ◽

Root Maggot

Examinations of more than 100 rutabaga fields per year, from 1951 to 1955, showed that Hylemya brassicae (Bouché) was the only species of root maggot that injured rutabagas in Prince Edward Island. H. liturata (Mg.) (= H. trichodactyla (Rond.)), H. cilicrura (Rond.), and Muscina stabulans (Fall.) were associated with H. brassicae but did not injure the roots. H. brassicae flies [note Whitcomb (12) for illustrations] began to emerge from overwintered puparia early in June in sandy soil areas and late in July in clay loam areas. Heavy texture and high moisture content of soils were closely correlated with the delay in emergence. The flies laid their eggs near rutabaga plants, usually in crevices in the soil, and upon hatching the larvae entered and fed on the roots. Larvae generally entered the roots at a depth of one inch or more below the surface of the soil. In general, early-planted rutabagas in sandy soil areas and late plantings in clay loam areas were severely damaged by larvae of H. brassicae, whereas late plantings in sandy areas and early plantings in clay loam areas were lightly infested. However, in the sandy soil areas where all of the rutabaga crops were harvested early in August damage was relatively light. Also, fields isolated by other rutabaga fields from sources of infestation such as storage bins and infested rutabaga crops, of either the current or the previous season, were usually slightly damaged. Use of barnyard manure increased H. brassicae infestations early in the season but did not significantly influence the damage caused during the whole growing season.

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SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT MANAGEMENT USING REGISTERED INSECTICIDES, 1999

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/25.1.f158 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mark A. Boetel ◽

Allen J. Schroeder ◽

Robert J. Dregseth ◽

Gary J. Brewer

Keyword(s):

Sugarbeet Root Maggot ◽

Root Maggot

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A field study on the biology of the underground grass caterpillar, Oncopera Fasciculata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), in South Australia.

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9540193 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 193 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

PE Madge

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Light Stimulus ◽

Insect Pest ◽

South Australia ◽

Field Studies ◽

Surface Growth ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

Lower South

This paper describes field studies on the biology and behaviour of Oncopera fasciculata (Walker), an important insect pest of improved pastures in the lower south-east of South Australia and the central and western districts of Victoria. Moths fly at dusk during September-October and mate mainly on upright grasses during these flights. The onset of flights seems to be related to a light stimulus but no correlation could be found from the data collected. Eggs are laid on the ground under pasture, where the female shelters at night and during the day; most eggs are laid within 24 hr after mating. Larvae appear in from 3 to 5 wk and live for a short while in communities at the surface of the ground under silken webbing before building individual vertical tunnels in the soil. Larvae emerge from their tunnels along silken runways to feed on surface growth. Annual grasses and clovers are more susceptible to attack than perennials. Feeding continues from October to July and visible damage appears about May, depending upon seasonal conditions. Prepupae appear in July and pucae during July-September.

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Registered Insecticides for Control of the Sugarbeet Root Maggot, 1997

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/23.1.285 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 285-286

Author(s):

J. S. Armstrong ◽

B. Carlson ◽

A. Anderson ◽

B. Dregseth ◽

A. Schroeder

Keyword(s):

Sugarbeet Root Maggot ◽

Root Maggot

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Interaction of Sugar Beet Host Resistance andRhizoctonia solaniAG-2-2 IIIB Strains

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-11-12-1078-re ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (9) ◽

pp. 1175-1180 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carl A. Strausbaugh ◽

Imad A. Eujayl ◽

Leonard W. Panella

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Root Rot ◽

Weak Interactions ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Studies ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Resistant Lines ◽

Crown And Root Rot ◽

Different Strains

Rhizoctonia crown and root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani can cause serious economic losses in sugar beet fields. Preliminary evidence suggests that there could be interactions between different strains and resistance sources. Thus, field studies were conducted to determine whether nine R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB strains varied for virulence when compared with a noninoculated check and interacted with five sugar beet lines (four resistant lines and a susceptible check). The studies were arranged in a randomized complete block design with six replications. Roots were evaluated for surface rot and internal fungal and bacterial rot in September. All strains were virulent on the susceptible check, FC901/C817, and had a similar ranking (r = 0.80 to 0.97; P = 0.0096 to <0.0001) regardless of disease variable. Line FC709-2 was resistant (response not different from noninoculated check, P ≥ 0.1042) to all strains, while the strain responses resulted in weak interactions with less-resistant lines in 14 of 19 variable-year combinations. Because most commercial sugar beet cultivars contain low to intermediate resistance to Rhizoctonia crown and root rot, the strain used to screen should be considered in order to maintain consistent responses between nurseries and commercial fields.

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