Effects of gamma irradiation on protein degradation of safflower meal in the rumen

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
P. Shawrang ◽  
A.A. Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

Safflower meal proteins are extensively degraded in the rumen. Attempts to decrease the degradability of feedstuffs proteins have involved treatment with heat, formaldehyde, tannic acid, acetic acid, xylose, and microwave (Sadeghi et al., 2006). To our knowledge, no information is available concerning effects of gamma irradiation on ruminal protein degradation and type of safflower meal proteins that leave the rumen undegraded. The objectives of this study were to investigate effects of gamma irradiation on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of safflower meal crude protein, and to monitor fate of true proteins of safflower meal in the rumen by using SDS-PAGE methodology.

Influence of method of forage preservation on fibre and protein digestion in cattle given lucerne, birdsfoot trefoil and sainfoin

1990 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kraiem ◽  
J. E. Garrett ◽  
J. C. Meiske ◽  
R. D. Goodrich ◽  
G. C. Marten
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Low Protein

ABSTRACTSix steers, each fitted with a ruminal cannula and T-type duodenal and ileal cannulae, were used to investigate protein and fibre utilization from lucerne, birdsfoot trefoil and sainfoin preserved both as hay and silage. Steers were fed at 2-h intervals during six 12-day periods in an experiment with a 6 × 6 Latin-square design. Animals were fed all-forage diets of six treatments (lucerne hay and silage, birdsfoot trefoil hay and silage, sainfoin hay and silage). Samples were collected from all alimentary sites twice daily during the last 3 days of each period. Acid insoluble ash was used as a solid marker and Cr-ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid as a liquid marker. Organic matter (OM), hemicellulose (HC) and cellulose (CL) total tract digestibilities of lucerne, birdsfoot trefoil and sainfoin were similar (OM: 599, 608, 580 g/kg; HC: 499, 497, 480 g/kg; CL: 590, 618, 608 g/kg). However, crude protein (CP) digestibilities were lower (P < 0·001) for sainfoin (582 g/kg) than for lucerne (732 g/kg) or birdsfoot trefoil (693 g/kg). Nitrogen (N) flows at the duodenum or ileum were similar among forages despite lower N intake for sainfoin. Presence of tannins in sainfoin may have been responsible for low protein degradation in the rumen, and reduced N digestion in the small intestine. Forage preserved as hay or silage had similar CL, HC and OM digestibilities, while CP digestibility was higher (P < 0·05) for silages.

scholarly journals In situ ruminal degradability and in vitro intestinal digestibility of crude protein from some minor legume species

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2293-2302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seifdavati Jamal ◽  
Taghizadeh Akbar ◽  
Janmohammadi Hosein ◽  
Abbas Rafat Seyd ◽  
Alijani Sadegh
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

scholarly journals In situ evaluation of ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of extruded soybeans

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Nowak ◽  
S. Michalak ◽  
S. Wylegała
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Breakdown Rate ◽  
Intestinal Protein ◽  
Outflow Rate ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Soybean Processing ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility

Two ruminally cannulated Jersey cows were used to determine in situ ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of raw (E0) soybeans and soybeans extruded at 145&deg;C (E145), 155&deg;C (E155) and 165&deg;C (E165). The degradation of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) was estimated using nylon bags suspended in rumen for 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24 and 48 h calculating the effective ruminal degradabilities (ERD) for an assumed outflow rate of 0.06/h. Four extra sample bags were incubated for 12 h to determine CP digestibility using the mobile nylon bag method. Cows were fed a ration of 30% concentrate and 70% meadow hay. Soybean extrusion at all temperatures decreased the effective protein degradability significantly (P &lt; 0.05). Soybean processing at the highest heat input (E165) decreased ERD (44.0%) in the rumen significantly while the values for E145 and E155 were similar, 50.8 and 50.3% respectively. Soybean extrusion at all tested temperatures was followed by a significant (P &lt; 0.05) reduction in the proportion of the rapidly degraded DM and CP fractions a, and both the increased proportions and reduced breakdown rate (c) of the fraction b. The intestinal protein digestibility values of the rumen-undegraded protein of extruded soybean were somewhat higher, however the observed differences between treatments were not significant (P &lt; 0.05). Estimated intestinal digestibilities were 87.2, 89.7, 92.0 and 92.6% for E0, E145, E155 and E165, respectively. &nbsp;

scholarly journals An assessment of differences in the ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of crude protein in brewer’s grains and maize draff

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Vladimír Majer ◽  
Pavel Veselý
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
In Sacco ◽  
Intestinal Digestibility ◽  
Protein Degradability

The submitted thesis aims to assess the differences between the ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of crude protein contained in brewer’s grains (BG) and maize draff (AMG). The effectiveness of ruminal degradability was tested using the “in sacco” method on 3 dry Holstain cows fitted with rumen cannulas. The dynamics of ruminal degradability of crude protein (CP) was detected after 0, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours of samples incubation in the rumen. The intestinal digestibility of crude protein undegradable in the rumen was determined using the “mobile bag” method on 3 dry Holstain cows fitted with duodenal cannulas. The crude protein degradability of BG was detected in the above-mentioned hours (%): 4.06; 18.16; 32.40; 38.56, and 50.70; crude protein degradability of AMG: 42.04; 63.56; 84.47; 85.16, and 87.19. The effectiveness of rumen degradability of BG crude protein at the rate of passage of rumen content 6 % per hour was calculated at 35.33 % and that of AMG, at 76.29 %. Intestinal digestibility of BG crude protein and dry matter at the rate of passage of intestinal content 6 % per hour was calculated at 79.41 % and 22.84 %, respectively, and that of AMG, at 57.01 % and 11.33 %, respectively. The differences between the indicators of both feedstuffs were significant (P < 0.05). The results show that BG are mostly a source of crude protein with higher intestinal digestibility than AMG.

Ruminal degradability of crude protein from different treated soybean meals in lactating cows

1989 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Schröder ◽  
M. Brandt ◽  
K.-H. Südekum ◽  
W. Lubbadeh
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Ruminal Degradability

scholarly journals Changes of Nitrogen Compounds During Ensiling of High Protein Herbages – A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Fijałkowska ◽  
Barbara Pysera ◽  
Krzysztof Lipiński ◽  
Danuta Strusińska
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Fermentation Inhibitors ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Losses of crude protein during ensiling of herbages, in contrast to carbohydrates, do not affect the reduction of its content; their form is changed into greater solubility non-protein compounds and also highly degraded forms, which lower the efficiency of the microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. These processes are accompanied by a change of amino acid composition of herbage protein and decrease in intestinal digestibility of protein from feeds as a result of the formation of indigestible complexes with carbohydrates (ADIN). Reduction of protein degradation in silages is achieved by accelerated acidity through addition of acids or dominance of homofermentative bacteria. The positive effects of fermentation inhibitors or sorbents use, as well as the wilting of raw material on the level and rate of protein degradation were demonstrated by many researchers. A greater contribution of protein nitrogen and reduction of deamination in silages can also be obtained by using bacteria inoculants. Increasing the proportion of protein nitrogen is accompanied by the improved efficiency of microbial protein synthesis.

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