Ruminal degradability of crude protein from different treated soybean meals in lactating cows

This study evaluated the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) and crude protein (CP) in byproducts of African oil palm (palm cake, kernel or fiber), macaúba (pulp cake and kernel cake), acai (acai fruit), babassu (kernel cake) and pineapple (peel, crown and bagasse silage). Nineteen rumen-fistulated sheep were kept in individual stalls, receiving a daily diet composed of elephant grass silage and corn and soybean concentrate. After preparation in nylon bags, the byproduct samples were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 12, 16, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours, with three replicates of each ingredient per incubation time. The divergence between the protein nutritional value and energy nutritional value, based on discriminatory variables between groups, was estimated by cluster analysis. The effective degradability of DM, NDFap and CP for the different byproducts was, respectively, 35.9, 26.9 and 59.0% for palm cake; 48.3, 34.3 and 76.4% for palm kernel; 21.1, 6.6 and 50.3% for palm fiber; 34.3, 15.0 and 52.8% for macaúba pulp cake; 58.1; 63.0 and 51.6% for macaúba kernel cake; 49.7, 49.6 and 41.8% for babassu cake; 53.4, 40.5 and 79.8% for pineapple bagasse silage; and 21.3, 17.0 and 38.9% for acai fruit. Based on their NDFap and CP characteristics, the feeds were clustered in up to four different groups.

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Effects of gamma irradiation on protein degradation of safflower meal in the rumen

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200020718 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 168-168

Author(s):

P. Shawrang ◽

A.A. Sadeghi

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Protein Degradation ◽

Tannic Acid ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Sds Page ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Intestinal Digestibility

Safflower meal proteins are extensively degraded in the rumen. Attempts to decrease the degradability of feedstuffs proteins have involved treatment with heat, formaldehyde, tannic acid, acetic acid, xylose, and microwave (Sadeghi et al., 2006). To our knowledge, no information is available concerning effects of gamma irradiation on ruminal protein degradation and type of safflower meal proteins that leave the rumen undegraded. The objectives of this study were to investigate effects of gamma irradiation on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of safflower meal crude protein, and to monitor fate of true proteins of safflower meal in the rumen by using SDS-PAGE methodology.

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The effects of intraruminal infusions of urea on the voluntary intake and milk production of cows receiving grass silage diets

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900029502 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 455-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Jai-Jun Choung ◽

David G. Chamberlain ◽

Phillip C. Thomas ◽

Ian Bradbury

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Insulin In Plasma ◽

Voluntary Intake ◽

Higher Doses

SummaryResponses of dairy cows given silage diets to the intraruminal infusion of urea in progressively increasing doses were studied in four experiments, two with non-lactating cows and two with lactating cows. No clinical symptoms of NH3 toxicity were observed in any of the experiments. When urea was infused continuously, silage intake was depressed (P < 0·05) when the total supply of N exceeded the equivalent of 250g crude protein (CP)/kg DM in the total diet. However, when the urea load was administered twice daily, as opposed to continuously, intake depression (P < 0·05) occurred at the equivalent of 170g CP/kg DM. At the higher doses of urea, concentrations of NH3 in peripheral blood increased and were accompanied by increased concentrations of glucose and reduced levels of insulin in plasma. In general, responses of milk production followed those of silage intake but there was evidence of greater proportional reductions in the yield of lactose relative to that of fat and protein. It is concluded that the voluntary intake of high-protein silages may be depressed by factors associated with high rates of absorption of NH3 from the rumen.

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Factors influencing composition and ruminal degradability of barley straw

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a99-012 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 343-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. W. Mathison ◽

R. Soofi-Siawash ◽

E. K. Okine ◽

J. Helm ◽

P. Juskiw

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Medium Length ◽

Key Words Barley ◽

Ruminant Animals ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Barley Genotypes

Chemical composition and in situ ruminal degradability characteristics for 25 and 40 genotypes of barley straw were measured for crops grown in 1994 and 1995, respectively. Straw from semidwarf genotypes contained more crude protein and less neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than that from genotypes with medium straw length and effective ruminal degradability was 9% higher (P < 0.01). Straw from two-row genotypes contained 19% more crude protein (4.4 vs. 3.7%) and 3% less NDF (75.2 vs. 77.6%) than that from six-row genotypes and effective ruminal degradability was 6% higher (P < 0.01) when genotypes with medium-length straw only were considered. Genotypes with smooth awns had higher rates of degradation but contained less of the slowly degraded fraction than straw with rough awns when straws of medium straw length were compared (P < 0.05). Straw from hulless genotypes contained more (P = 0.006) NDF than that from covered varieties. Both ambient and soil temperature were positively related (P < 0.05) to effective ruminal degradability of straw, possibly because of associated greater leafiness when temperatures were higher and there was more light. It was concluded that it is possible to select barley genotypes that have superior straw nutritive value for ruminant animals. Key words: Barley, straw, degradability, cattle, genotype, environment

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Statistical research on the digestibility in the cow. II. Nitrogen and ether extract

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600087803 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 141-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. Paquay ◽

R. de Baere ◽

A. Lousse

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Ether Extract ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Hyperbolic Relation ◽

Faecal Nitrogen ◽

The Mean

SUMMARYThe results obtained for nitrogen and ether extract digestibility with 116 different rations fed to 242 non-pregnant dry cows and 96 lactating cows were studied.A hyperbolic relation exists between nitrogen digestibility (Y) and crude protein content (X), with the equation:Y = 88·6–(301/X)(r = – 0·928**, RSD = 4·78).Digestible protein content ( Y) is linearly related to crude protein content(X):Y = 0·90X-3·10 (r = 0·982**, RSD = 0·823).From dry-matter intake and crude protein content it is possible to estimate accurately the amount of digestible nitrogen. With all the experimental rations the mean metabolic faecal nitrogen was 496 mg/100 g of ingested dry matter, and the true nitrogen digestibility was conspicuously constant up to 90%.Digestibility of ether extract depends on the nature of the feeds. When the concentrate percentage of the ration is high, the digestibility of ether extract obeys the same laws as that of nitrogen.

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Nutritive value of on-farm common vetch-oat hays. II. Ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein

Annales de Zootechnie ◽

10.1051/animres:2000130 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 391-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Madiha Haj-Ayed ◽

Javier González ◽

Rafael Caballero ◽

María Remedios Alvir

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Common Vetch ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

On Farm

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Ruminal degradability of high moisture triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) silage with chemical and biological additives

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n5supl1p2391 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2391-2400

Author(s):

Valter Harry Bumbieris Junior ◽

Robson Marcelo Rossi ◽

Egon Henrique Horst ◽

Murilo Dolfini Paranzini ◽

Vinicius André de Pietro Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Benzoate ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soluble Fraction ◽

High Moisture ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Bayesian Procedures ◽

Passing Rate ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Triticosecale Wittmack

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein of high moisture triticale silage ensiled with different chemical and biological additives. Urea, sodium benzoate and an enzyme-bacterial inoculant were used as treatments. Four samples from each treatment were incubated in rumen on four sheep. Effective degradability was estimated for ruminal passage rate of 2%, 5% and 8% hour-1. Bayesian procedures were used to estimate potential degradation parameters in situ. The high moisture triticale silage with urea showed highest value for the soluble fraction (70.46%) and the best effective dry matter degradability, with a passing rate of 2% h-1 (90.63%), of control silage at other rates of passage. In relation to control silage, the addition of sodium benzoate and enzyme-bacterial inoculant decreased the effective degradability of dry matter, regardless of rate passage evaluated. Due to high solubility of urea, the silage added with this additive had the highest soluble fraction of crude protein (76.42%). The addition of enzyme-bacterial inoculant accelerated the ruminal passage rate of dry matter and protein to 0.26 and 0.20% h-1, respectively, providing less potential degradability of both in relation to other silages. As enzyme-bacterial inoculation reduces rumen degradability of crude protein, it tends to increase the availability of amino acids for intestinal absorption. The addition of urea to high moisture triticale silage may be recommended for sheep feeding at a low level of consumption, as it improves the effective dry matter degradability.

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DEGRADAÇÃO RUMINAL DA MATÉRIA SECA E DE PROTEÍNA BRUTA DE VOLUMOSOS PARA BOVINOS Ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein of roughages for cattle

Revista Acadêmica Ciência Animal ◽

10.7213/academica.7709 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 285 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rafael Henrique De Tonissi e Buschinelli ◽

Rita De Cássia Menchon Tramontini ◽

Sérgio Tosi Cardim ◽

Gabriel Daltoé de Almeida ◽

Juliane Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Ruminal Degradability

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca e proteína bruta por meio da técnica in situ dos capins Brachiaria brizantha e Panicum maximum cortados aos 60 dias de idade, das silagens de milho, sorgo e milheto, dos fenos de coast cross, guandu e soja perene e do farelo de soja. Foram utilizados três novilhos com peso médio de 300 kg, fistulados e providos de cânulas ruminais. Os volumosos foram incubados em ordem decrescente de 72, 48, 24, 18, 12, 6, 3 e 0h, e o farelo de soja incubado nos tempos 48, 24, 18, 12, 6, 3 e 0h. Os resíduos dos sacos foram analisados quanto aos teores de matéria seca e proteína bruta. O farelo de soja apresentou alta degradabilidade efetiva para MS em função das frações solúveis (32,85%) e fração potencialmente degradável (65,75%). A silagem de sorgo apresentou elevada fração solúvel e potencialmente degradável se comparada às demais silagens. O feno de soja perene apresentou a maior degradabilidade de MS (80,42%), entre os volumosos avaliados. Para a proteína, destacam-se a baixa degradabilidade apresentada pelo feno de guandu (36,91%) e os demais volumosos apresentaram degradabilidade variando entre 64,50 a 74,56%.

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