New Protection Status of Juvenile Victims with the Passage of the New Criminal Legislation in Cambodia

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Stan V. Starygin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
International Law ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
International Community ◽  
Criminal Legislation

AbstractThis article seeks to explore whether the position of juvenile victims, vis-à-vis the Cambodian criminal law, has changed with the passage of the new criminal legislation and whether this change is positive or otherwise. The quality of this change, henceforth, will demonstrate to the reader whether the overall reform of the juvenile justice component of Cambodia's criminal justice system, which has spanned over the last 15 years and has been funded by the international community, has been a success. The author has limited the scope of this inquiry to a comparison between the various domestic laws applicable to juvenile victims and did not include comparisons with international law, model laws or juvenile laws of other states. Being the first publication of its kind, this analysis limits its claim to the analysis of the relevant statutory provisions rather than ‘practice notes’ which have yet to develop.

scholarly journals Analisis Hukum Tentang Tindak Pidana Seksual Yang Terjadi Di Kota Medan (Study PutusanNomor : 1840/Pid.B/2014/PN.Mdn)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Mhd. Hendara Adha ◽  
Edi Warman ◽  
Triono Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process

This article discusses how the law arrangements in the juvenile justice in the process of resolving the case, How restorative justice restrictions in law enforcement in Indonesia and How the application of Restorative justice law in the process of settlement of criminal case in Criminal Law in Indonesia. This type of research is normative juridical that describes reviewing and explaining and analyzing normative provisions associated with restorative justice applicable in Indonesia. From the above discussion that restorative justice in the settlement of criminal acts committed by children is very concerned in rebuilding relations after the occurrence of criminal acts, rather than exacerbate the rift between the perpetrators, victims and the community which is the character of the current modern criminal justice system. The restorative criminal justice process holds the view that realizing justice is not only a matter of government and criminality, but more than that it must provide justice in totality that can not ignore the interests and rights of victims and society. Implementation of the principle of restorative justice and the process of diversion as an effort to solve crimes committed by children in formal juridical has been set clearly and firmly in Law Number 11 Year 2012 about kids of justice.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA PENYELESAIAN PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA MELALUI UPAYA DIVERSI BAGI PELAKU DEWASA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bendry Almy
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Legislation

ABSTRAKPrinsip keadilan restoratif dalam peraturan perundang-undangan hukum pidana yang berlaku di Indonesia hanya diatur dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA) yang diaplikasikan dalam bentuk diversi, namun diversi tersebut hanya ditujukan bagi pelaku tindak pidana anak bukan untuk pelaku dewasa, peraturan perundang-perundangan pidana Indonesia belum mengatur prinsip keadilan restoratif bagi pelaku dewasa. Dalam praktik penegakan hukum, penerapan prinsip keadilan restoratif bagi pelaku dewasa sebagian telah dilaksanakan melalui diskresi, namun secara teoritis dan pratik pelaksanaan diskresi masih bermasalah karena belum memenuhi tiga nilai dasar hukum yaitu keadilan, kepastian dan kemanfaatan, dan diskresi juga bisa menimbulkan permasalahan ketidakadilan, karena adanya perbedaan perlakuan dalam proses penegakan hukum, sehingga asas “equality before the law” tidak dilaksanakan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan prinsip keadilan restoratif dalam peraturan perundang-undangan pidana yang berlaku di Indonesia dan bagaimana penerapan diversi bagi pelaku dewasa dalam rangka mewujudkan keadilan restoratif. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan, untuk mencari dan menemukan data yang dibutuhkan untuk menjawab permasalahan. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan hukum pidana Indonesia belum mengatur tentang prinsip keadilan restoratif bagi pelaku dewasa, prinsip keadilan restoratif diterapkan baru sebatas untuk pelaku anak yang diaplikasikan dalam bentuk diversi. Secara teoritis, historis, normatif dan praktik prosedural, diversi juga dapat diterapkan untuk menyelesaikan perkara tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh orang dewasa, namun perlu adanya perubahan dan penyesuaian terutama dalam hal tujuan pelaksanaan, kwalifikasi jenis tindak pidana dan mekanisme atau prosedur pelaksanaannya.Kata kunci: kebijakan hukum pidana; anak; dewasa; diversi; keadilan restoratif.AbstractThe principle of restorative justice in criminal law regulations in force in Indonesia is only regulated in the Law on the Criminal Justice System for Children (SPPA) which is applied in the form of diversion, however the diversion is only intended for child offenders not for adult offenders, Indonesian criminal laws and regulations do not regulate the principle of restorative justice for adult offenders. In law enforcement practices, the application of the principle of restorative justice for adult offenders has been partially implemented through discretion, but theoretically and practically the implementation of discretion is still problematic because it does not meet the three basic legal values, namely justice, certainty and benefit, and discretion can also cause problems of injustice, due to differences in treatment in the law enforcement process, so the principle of "equality before the law" is not implemented. The research goal is to find out how the implementation of the principles of restorative justice in criminal legislation in Indonesia, and how the application of diversion for adult offenders in order to realize restorative justice. This type of research is normative research or library research, to search and find the data needed to answer the problem. The results of the study note that Indonesian criminal law regulations do not regulate the principles of restorative justice for adult offenders, the principle of restorative justice is applied only to the child offenders which is applied in the form of diversion. Theoretically, historically, normatively and procedural practice, diversion can also be applied to resolve cases by adult offenders, but there needs to be changes and adjustments especially in terms of implementation objectives, qualification of the type of crime and the mechanism or procedure for its implementation.Keywords: criminal law policy; children; adults; diversion; restorative justice.

The Development of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice in Africa from Pre-Colonial Rule to the Present Day

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebreab Isaac Weldesellasie
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Criminal Legislation

This chapter examines the development of criminal law and substantive, procedural, and relevant institutions on the African continent from antiquity to the present day. It demonstrates the existence of a well-knit and contextual criminal justice system throughout Africa, which was later infused with elements of Islamic law to serve the needs of the newly converted populations. The key characteristic of pre-colonial African criminal law is its customary, unwritten nature, with a focus on serving community rather than individual pursuits. Incarceration and punishment were unknown and instead efforts were made to compensate the victim, whose role was central to the process. This customary law served the continent until the advent of colonialism, whose protagonists enforced their conception of social control by reducing or even eliminating the application and influence of customary norms. As a result, even following decolonization, the new African nations retained colonial criminal legislation.

scholarly journals ¿Cómo influye el tamaño del campo de texto en las respuestas a preguntas abiertas? Evidencias de un diseño experimental/The influence of box size on responses to open-ended questions: Results from a split-ballot experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Carmen María León ◽  
Eva Aizpurúa ◽  
David Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Questionnaire Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Design ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

RESUMENEl diseño visual de los cuestionarios puede afectar a la calidad de los datos obtenidos, especialmente cuando se formulan preguntas abiertas donde los encuestados responden con sus propias palabras. En este trabajo se analizan los efectos de manipular el tamaño del espacio proporcionado para la respuesta en un conjunto de preguntas abiertas incluidas en un cuestionario auto-administrado sobre opiniones hacia la administración de justicia en España. Para ello se recurrió a un experimento split-ballot, dividiendo la muestra (N = 100) en dos mitades equivalentes que recibieron dos cuestionarios con el mismo contenido, pero con diferentes tamaños de campo de respuesta (pequeño y grande) en 16 preguntas abiertas. Los resultados muestran que los participantes que recibieron campos de texto grandes escribieron un mayor número de palabras en sus respuestas. Sin embargo, la manipulación en el campo de texto no influyó en 1) el número de temas abordados; ni en 2) el tiempo empleado para cumplimentar los cuestionarios. Sobre la base ABSTRACTThe visual design of questionnaires can affect the quality of the data obtained, especially when asking open-ended questions that respondents answer in their own words. In this paper, we analyze the effects of manipulating the size of the text boxes provided for answers to a set of open-ended questions in a self-administered questionnaire about opinions of the Criminal Justice system in Spain. For this, a split-ballot experiment was conducted dividing the sample (N = 100) into two equivalent halves. One half received questionnaires with small box sizes for the answers to the 16 open-ended questions while the other half received questionnaires with larger box sizes. The content on the questionnaires was the same. The results showed that those participants who received larger text boxes provided longer answers. However, manipulation of the text box did not influence 1) the number of issues addressed; or 2) response times. The results and their implications for questionnaire design are discussed.

scholarly journals Wife Assault, The Justice System and Professional Responsibility

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Diana Ginn
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Battered Women ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Professional Responsibility ◽  
Wife Assault ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Players ◽  
The Way

The author reviews the response of the criminal justice system to the problem of wife assault by focusing on the key players within the system. The way the criminal law applies to wife assault affects battered women's access to that area of law known as family law, with negative repercussions for them and their children. Several myths about the nature of wife assault help ensure an inappropriate response. These include the myths that the woman is to blame, that by just leaving the abusive situation she can resolve it, and that if she does not leave it is because she enjoys the abuse. The author reviews current methods used by police, prosecutors and judges for dealing with wife assault and discusses the inadequacies of those methods. She concludes that despite many recommendations for change, there have been no significant improvements in the way the criminal justice system deals with wife assault. It is incumbent upon the legal profession to demonstrate professional responsibility by ensuring that wife assault is taken more seriously than it is now and than it has been in the past. This is a necessary reform before battered women can rely on the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Legality Letter of Statement of Khilaf in Indonesia Criminal Justice System

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Rugun Romaida Hutabarat
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Matters

In criminal law, a person charged with a criminal offense may be punished if it meets two matters, namely his act is unlawful, and the perpetrator of a crime may be liable for the indicated action (the offender's error) or the act may be dismissed to the perpetrator, and there is no excuse. The reasons may result in the death or the removal of the implied penalty. But it becomes a matter of how if the Letter of Statement Khilaf is the answer to solve the legal problems. The person who refuses or does not do what has been stated in the letters is often called "wanprestasi" because the statement is categorized as an agreement. The statement includes an agreement which is the domain of civil law or criminal law, so its application in the judicial system can be determined. This should be reviewed in the application of the law, are there any rules governing wrong statements in the criminal justice system. By using a declaration of khilaf as a way out of criminal matters, then the statement should be known in juridical rules. This study uses normative juridical methods, by conceptualizing the law as a norm rule which is a benchmark of human behavior, with emphasis on secondary data sources collected from the primary source of the legislation. The result of this research is that the statement of khilaf has legality, it is based on Jurisprudence No. 3901 K / Pdt / 1985 jo Article 189 Paragraph (1) of Indonesian criminal procedure law. However, this oversight letter needs to be verified in front of the court to be valid evidence, but this letter of error is not a deletion of a criminal offense, because the culpability of the defendant has justified the crime he committed. Such recognition, cannot make it free from the crime that has been committed.Keywords: Legality, Letter of Statement, Criminal Justice System

scholarly journals Judicial Discretion in Sentencing: A Justice System that is No Longer Just?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sean J. Mallett
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Regional Disparity ◽  
Judicial Discretion ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Synthesis Approach

<p>One of the fundamental principles of the criminal law is consistency: like offenders must be treated alike. However, research has shown that when it comes to sentencing in New Zealand there is in fact substantial regional disparity in the penalty imposed on similarly situated offenders. The situation is unacceptable, and undermines the integrity of the criminal justice system. This paper will explore three different mechanisms for guiding judicial discretion in the pursuit of sentencing consistency. It will undertake an analysis of mandatory sentences and the ‘instinctive synthesis’ approach, both of which will be shown to be unsatisfactory. Instead, the paper will argue that the establishment of a Sentencing Council with a mandate to draft presumptively binding guidelines is the most appropriate way forward for New Zealand. This option finds the correct equilibrium between giving a judge sufficient discretion to tailor a sentence that is appropriate in the circumstances of the individual case, yet limiting discretion enough to achieve consistency between cases.</p>

scholarly journals Discreet Discretion and Moderate Moderation in Judicial Sentencing: A commentary on Kenya’s Sentencing Policy Guidelines, 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Harrison O Mbori
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Sentencing Guidelines ◽  
Criminal Sentencing ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Sentencing Policy

Criminal sentencing is an integral part in any judicial system for the fair administration of justice. The process of sentencing and the standards applied by judicial officers has, however, been a notoriously difficult component in many criminal law systems. In Kenya, sentencing has been blamed as one of the sources of ‘popular dissatisfaction with the administration of justice’ to borrow from Roscoe Pound. This was the impetus for the Kenyan Judiciary to introduce the Sentencing Policy Guidelines, 2016 (SPGs). This paper is a general commentary, critique, and analysis of the SPGs. The author argues that SPGs come at an instructive epoch in Kenya’s economic, socio-political, and cultural development. This contribution is not a polemic on the Kenyan SPGs. The commentary makes sideglances to various jurisdictions that have had a longer experience with sentencing guidelines. The article forecasts that Kenyan SPGs will, despite its few shortcomings, nevertheless, prove to be important for all judicial officers involved in Kenya’s criminal justice system.

scholarly journals CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN INDONESIA ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF COMPARISON

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Muchammad Chasani
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Corporate Criminal Liability ◽  
Responsibility System

The regulation of corporate criminal liability in Indonesia's criminal justice system is basically a new and still debatable issue. It is said that because in the Criminal Code is not recognized and regulated explicitly about the corporation as a subject of criminal law. This is a natural thing since the WvS Criminal Code still adheres to the principle of "societas delinquere non potest" or "non-potest university delinquere", that is, a legal entity can not commit a crime. Thus, if in a society there is a criminal offense, then the criminal act is deemed to be done by the board of the corporation concerned. Regarding the corporate criminal responsibility system in Indonesia, in the corruption law Article 20 paragraph (1), if the corporation committed a criminal act of corruption, then those responsible for the criminal act shall be the corporation only, the management only, or the corporation and its management. Thus, it can be said that the regulation of corporate criminal liability in the legal system in Indonesia is expressly only regulated in special criminal legislation, because the Criminal Code of WvS still adheres to the principle of "societas delinquere nonpotest" so it is not possible to enforce corporate criminal liability in it.

The Criminal Justice System: Materials on the Administration and Reform of the Criminal Law

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
James Lindgren ◽  
Franklin E. Zimring ◽  
Richard S. Frase
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System
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