scholarly journals The unequal distribution of household carbon footprints in Europe and its link to sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Ivanova ◽  
Richard Wood
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Income Equality ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
European Union Countries

Non-technical summary The distribution of household carbon footprints is largely unequal within and across countries. Here, we explore household-level consumption data to illustrate the distribution of carbon footprints and consumption within 26 European Union countries, regions and social groups. The analysis further sheds light on the relationships between carbon footprints and socially desirable outcomes such as income, equality, education, nutrition, sanitation, employment and adequate living conditions.

scholarly journals Development and subsequent comparison of the cost of living in different social groups in Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-847
Author(s):  
Veronika Antošová ◽  
Jana Stávková ◽  
Dana Skálová ◽  
Naďa Birčiaková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Subsequent Comparison

This paper deals with development and subsequent comparison of the cost of living in different social groups in the Czech Republic. There is an analysis performed using data available from entry of the Czech Republic into the European Union till 2011. For this purpose, it will be interesting to track those measures in a timeline including the period before the last economic crisis, during the crisis as well as after this event. The economic crisis began in 2007 and has significantly affected living conditions of many people, who had to change their consumer behaviour or lifestyle. In the file used for the analysis, the individuals are divided into different social groups (i.e. employees, self-employed, pensioners and unemployed). The paper is focused on individuals according to the division of expenditure COICOP (Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose). As the second source of the performed analysis are taken the results of a sample survey EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) from 2005 till 2011. The paper considers mainly cost of living, but also household income because it is possible to determine from this indicator how much money households have left for other activities (as disposable income). The analysis is focused on whole set of individual households including low-income households at risk of poverty. According to widely used methodology within the European Union, households are considered to be at the risk of poverty if their income is lower than its median, which is 60%.

ANALYSIS OF UNEMPLOYMENT USING FOUR-FACTOR MODEL IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubica Hurbánková ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Economic Statistics ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
Microsoft Office

The paper deals with the analysis of unemployment in European Union countries on the basis of data of the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed. The data are obtained from the Eurostat website. The aim of the paper is to find out how the number of unemployed in individual EU countries changed in 2018 compared to 2009, in which country the number of unemployed increased the most, in which the least. Appropriate tools of economic statistics are used for the analysis. Based on a four-factor model of the analysis of the number of unemployed, we find out how this indicator has changed depending on the change in the unemployment rate, the economic activity rate, the share of the working age population in the total population, and the total population. The application of statistical method is implemented through the programme Microsoft Office Excel.

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