Molecular Structure and Formation Mechanism of Hydrochar from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Carbohydrates

Abstract. The thermal aging experiments on nitrile rubber and rubber additives were carried out for different time in 25# transformer oil at 70°C. The amount of CH4 released from non-rubber group, nitrile rubber group and rubber additives group were measured by Gas Chromatography (GC). The molecular structure of NBR matrix and liquid extracted from NBR were analyzed with fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR), respectively. At last, the formation mechanism of CH4 in nitrile rubber were investigated. The results illustrated that the rubber additive RD released methyl radicals and hydrogen radicals, and generated CH4 by reacted with each other.

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Morphology evolution, formation mechanism and adsorption properties of hydrochars prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of corn stalk

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra21607b ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (109) ◽

pp. 107829-107835 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Yanqiu Lei ◽

Haiquan Su ◽

Rongkai Tian

Keyword(s):

Formation Mechanism ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Adsorption Properties ◽

Morphology Evolution ◽

Corn Stalk ◽

Condensation Polymerization ◽

Amorphous Cellulose ◽

Pyrolysis Behavior ◽

Soluble Lignin

Hydrochar spheres were formed by the condensation, polymerization and pyrolysis behavior of hemicellulose, amorphous cellulose and soluble lignin.

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Co-hydrothermal Carbonization of Pretreatment Lignocellulose Biomass and Polyvinyl Chloride for Clean Solid Fuel Production: Hydrochar Properties and its Formation Mechanism

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.jece.2021.106975 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106975

Author(s):

Yixian Xue ◽

Li Bai ◽

Mingshu Chi ◽

Xiuling Xu ◽

Zhao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polyvinyl Chloride ◽

Formation Mechanism ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Fuel Production ◽

Lignocellulose Biomass

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Effect of process wastewater recycling on the chemical evolution and formation mechanism of hydrochar from herbaceous biomass during hydrothermal carbonization

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123281 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 277 ◽

pp. 123281

Author(s):

Ruikun Wang ◽

Qingzhuang Jin ◽

Xuemin Ye ◽

Haoyang Lei ◽

Jiandong Jia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Evolution ◽

Formation Mechanism ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Herbaceous Biomass ◽

Wastewater Recycling ◽

Process Wastewater

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Molecular Structure of the Outermost Cell Wall Component of Spirillum Serpens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100079218 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 342-343

Author(s):

Wah Chiu ◽

David Grano

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structure ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Outer Membrane ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Cell Wall Component ◽

Protein Components ◽

Exposure Technique ◽

Structural Aspects

The periodic structure external to the outer membrane of Spirillum serpens VHA has been isolated by similar procedures to those used by Buckmire and Murray (1). From SDS gel electrophoresis, we have found that the isolated fragments contain several protein components, and that the crystalline structure is composed of a glycoprotein component with a molecular weight of ∽ 140,000 daltons (2). Under an electron microscopic examination, we have visualized the hexagonally-packed glycoprotein subunits, as well as the bilayer profile of the outer membrane. In this paper, we will discuss some structural aspects of the crystalline glycoproteins, based on computer-reconstructed images of the external cell wall fragments.The specimens were prepared for electron microscopy in two ways: negatively stained with 1% PTA, and maintained in a frozen-hydrated state (3). The micrographs were taken with a JEM-100B electron microscope with a field emission gun. The minimum exposure technique was essential for imaging the frozen- hydrated specimens.

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