The Formation Mechanism of CH4 on Nitrile Butadience Rubber in Transformer Oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2252-2255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Li Wen Tang ◽  
Mo Ran Sun ◽  
Fang Hu ◽  
Chun Hua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Methyl Radicals ◽  
Hydrogen Radicals

Abstract. The thermal aging experiments on nitrile rubber and rubber additives were carried out for different time in 25# transformer oil at 70°C. The amount of CH4 released from non-rubber group, nitrile rubber group and rubber additives group were measured by Gas Chromatography (GC). The molecular structure of NBR matrix and liquid extracted from NBR were analyzed with fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR), respectively. At last, the formation mechanism of CH4 in nitrile rubber were investigated. The results illustrated that the rubber additive RD released methyl radicals and hydrogen radicals, and generated CH4 by reacted with each other.

Effect of Raw Rubber on CH4 Formation from NBR Applied in Transformer Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Hu ◽  
Li Wen Tang ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
Chun Hua Zhang ◽  
Dong Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The formation of CH4 from two kinds of NBR with different raw rubber applied in transformer oil were investigated. In this study, work environment of transformer was simulated，thermal aging tests were conducted for different times in 70°C transformer oil. Surface morphology, the release of CH4, and molecular structure were analyzed by using Gas Chromatography (GC), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR), respectively. In addition, the swelling property was also discussed in this work. The results illustrated that raw rubber with more content of acrylonitrile had excellent advantages in heat oil aging resistance and the formation of CH4.

Gas Chromatography and Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Biodiesel from Used and Unused Palm Olein Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Ilesanmi A. Daniyan ◽  
Emmanuel I. Bello ◽  
Tunde I. Ogedengbe ◽  
Pius B. Mogaji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Infrared Detector ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Olein Oil

The need for quality control of biodiesel is important to ensure the development of a clean, trouble free and safe alternative fuel technology to fossil diesel. In this work, the gas chromatography analysis of the biodiesel produced from used frying oil was carried out using PerkinElmer Clarus 500 Gas Chromatograph (GC), fitted with a capillary split injector and Fourier Infrared Detector (FID). Also, the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was used to determine and monitor the concentration of biodiesel produced from used and unused palm olein oil. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis was carried out using the FTIR Spectroscopy (FTIR 1-S Shimadzu, Japan, Model 4100) and Microlab software as well as Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) sample interface system. 0.5 ml of samples of the unused palm olein oil and biodiesel were taken in at the interface at a resolution of 4 cm-1 within the region of 4000 cm-1 to 400 cm-1 . The GC-MS analysis did not indicate any soap-like material, indicating that the catalyst was able to handle transesterification reaction without transition to saponification reaction. The results of the interaction between the components of the fuel samples and the radiation as a function of wavelength indicates the functional groups and the type of vibration in the fuel samples. The results obtained indicate the presence of an intense band of C=O stretching of methyl ester and O-CH3 group. It also show concentration of the five main fatty acids that are present in most biodiesel; palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids indicating the successful transesterification of palm olein oil to biodiesel.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Algorithm for Power Transformer Diagnostics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin K. Dhote ◽  
Jagdish B. Helonde
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Dissolved Gas ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Incipient Faults ◽  
The World

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of transformer oil has been one of the most reliable techniques to detect the incipient faults. Many conventional DGA methods have been developed to interpret DGA results obtained from gas chromatography. Although these methods are widely used in the world, they sometimes fail to diagnose, especially when DGA results fall outside conventional methods codes or when more than one fault exist in the transformer. To overcome these limitations, the fuzzy inference system (FIS) is proposed. Two hundred different cases are used to test the accuracy of various DGA methods in interpreting the transformer condition.

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