scholarly journals Assessing Unconventional Oil and Gas Exposure in the Appalachian Basin: Comparison of Exposure Surrogates and Residential Drinking Water Measurements

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra J. Clark ◽  
Boya Xiong ◽  
Mario A. Soriano ◽  
Kristina Gutchess ◽  
Helen G. Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Appalachian Basin ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Exposure

A community-based evaluation of proximity to unconventional oil and gas wells, drinking water contaminants, and health symptoms in Ohio

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise G. Elliott ◽  
Xiaomei Ma ◽  
Brian P. Leaderer ◽  
Lisa A. McKay ◽  
Courtney J. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas Wells ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas

United States Experience Regulating Unconventional Oil and Gas Development

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Allison
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil And Gas Development ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas

ABSTRACT In the midst of aggressive anti-drilling campaigns by environmental organizations and well-publicized complaints by citizens unaccustomed to oil and gas operations, rigorous studies of unconventional oil and gas development show that there are no widespread or systemic impacts on drinking water resources in the United States. In addition, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions have significantly declined with the growth in natural gas production and its use in power generation. Furthermore, induced seismicity from subsurface waste disposal has plummeted in response to industry initiatives and new regulations. This record of environmental protection reflects the fact that U.S. hydraulic fracturing, like other oil and gas operations, is highly regulated by the states. In addition, air emissions, operations on federal lands, and subsurface injection are subject to federal regulation. Academic and government researchers have documented that chemicals and gas produced by hydraulic fracturing are not contaminating drinking water. However, as an added complication, methane occurs naturally in drinking water aquifers in some producing areas. In 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) completed a four-year study of potential aquifer contamination from hydraulic fracturing and associated industry operations. The report found some impacts on drinking water including contamination of drinking water wells; however, the number of cases was small compared to the number of wells hydraulically fractured. The scientific peer-review and public critique of the study, which continues after more than a year, may recommend additional research. The emotionally charged, anti-fracking campaigns provided important lessons to U.S. operators: pre-drilling, baseline data on water and air quality are essential to answering public concerns; infrastructure issues such as increased truck traffic on small, local roads are important to residents; and the initial failure to disclose the composition of hydraulic fracturing fluid intensified public concern.

scholarly journals Adverse Reproductive and Developmental Health Outcomes Following Prenatal Exposure to a Hydraulic Fracturing Chemical Mixture in Female C57Bl/6 Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (9) ◽  
pp. 3469-3481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Kassotis ◽  
John J. Bromfield ◽  
Kara C. Klemp ◽  
Chun-Xia Meng ◽  
Andrew Wolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Gene Assay ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas

Unconventional oil and gas operations using hydraulic fracturing can contaminate surface and groundwater with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We have previously shown that 23 of 24 commonly used hydraulic fracturing chemicals can activate or inhibit the estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid, progesterone, and/or thyroid receptors in a human endometrial cancer cell reporter gene assay and that mixtures can behave synergistically, additively, or antagonistically on these receptors. In the current study, pregnant female C57Bl/6 dams were exposed to a mixture of 23 commonly used unconventional oil and gas chemicals at approximately 3, 30, 300, and 3000 μg/kg·d, flutamide at 50 mg/kg·d, or a 0.2% ethanol control vehicle via their drinking water from gestational day 11 through birth. This prenatal exposure to oil and gas operation chemicals suppressed pituitary hormone concentrations across experimental groups (prolactin, LH, FSH, and others), increased body weights, altered uterine and ovary weights, increased heart weights and collagen deposition, disrupted folliculogenesis, and other adverse health effects. This work suggests potential adverse developmental and reproductive health outcomes in humans and animals exposed to these oil and gas operation chemicals, with adverse outcomes observed even in the lowest dose group tested, equivalent to concentrations reported in drinking water sources. These endpoints suggest potential impacts on fertility, as previously observed in the male siblings, which require careful assessment in future studies.

VARIATION IN THE EFFECTS OF UNCONVENTIONAL OIL AND GAS SPILLS IN THE WILLISTON BASIN

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Skalak ◽  
◽  
Adam Benthem ◽  
Isabelle Cozzarelli ◽  
Douglas B. Kent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Williston Basin ◽  
Unconventional Oil ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas
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