“Six Degrees of Separation”—Revealing a “Small-World Phenomenon” through a Chemistry Literature Search Activity

Abstract Small World Effect (or Six Degrees of Separation theory) has generated significant influence in the world. Many researchers and institutes have done lots of work on the study of it. We model Small World Effect by random process and Graph, calculate the probability that any two people i and j in the world can contact each other after n steps (forwarding messages by intermediaries) based on different R (average number of acquaintances everyone has in the world).When R=50 or 80, if , the probability is 0.848 and the search is very likely to happen. When R=150, n=4, this probability is 0.99994, that is, after 4 steps, any two people in the world will establish connection almost surely. In the sense of Dunbar's number (R=150), six degrees of separation becomes four degrees of separation. We propose the concepts of (directed) Random Fuzzy Graph for the very first time which can describe the fact of recognition among people best, because the relation among persons is random and fuzzy.

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Dynamics of Small World Effect and Random Fuzzy Graph

10.21203/rs.3.rs-666633/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yijin Zhang ◽

Jie Huang ◽

Zongbing Lin

Keyword(s):

Random Process ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Small World ◽

Fuzzy Graph ◽

Separation Theory ◽

The World ◽

First Time ◽

Six Degrees Of Separation

Abstract Small World Effect (or Six Degrees of Separation theory) has generated significant influence in the world. Many researchers and institutes have done lots of work on the study of it. We model Small World Effect by random process and Graph, calculate the probability that any two people i and j in the world can contact each other after n steps (forwarding messages by intermediaries) based on different R (average number of acquaintances everyone has in the world).When R=50 or 80, if n≥5, the probability is 0.848 and the search is very likely to happen. When R=150, n=4, this probability is 0.99994, that is, after 4 steps, any two people in the world will establish connection almost surely. In the sense of Dunbar's number (R=150), six degrees of separation becomes four degrees of separation. We propose the concepts of (directed) Random Fuzzy Graph for the very first time which can describe the fact of recognition among people best, because the relation among persons is random and fuzzy.

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Six degrees of separation: the small world of medical education

Medical Education ◽

10.1111/medu.13102 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (12) ◽

pp. 1274-1279 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Wolf E Hautz ◽

Gert Krummrey ◽

Aristomenis Exadaktylos ◽

Stefanie C Hautz

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Small World ◽

Six Degrees Of Separation

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DermLit. A year's experience with a computerized literature search service

Archives of Dermatology ◽

10.1001/archderm.111.10.1355 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 111 (10) ◽

pp. 1355-1356

Author(s):

F. Levit

Keyword(s):

Literature Search ◽

Search Service

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Small World

Therapeutische Umschau ◽

10.1024/0040-5930.56.2.65 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 056 (02) ◽

pp. 0065-0065

Author(s):

Ch. Hürny ◽

H. P. Ludin

Keyword(s):

Small World

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Associations of coronary and peripheral artery disease with presence, expansion, and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm – a grin without a cat!

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000606 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hisato Takagi ◽

Takuya Umemoto

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Aortic Aneurysm ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Literature Search ◽

Systematic Literature Search ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Epidemiological Evidence ◽

Abdominal Aortic ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract. Both coronary and peripheral artery disease are representative atherosclerotic diseases, which are also known to be positively associated with presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm. It is still controversial, however, whether coronary and peripheral artery disease are positively associated with expansion and rupture as well as presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm. In the present article, we overviewed epidemiological evidence, i. e. meta-analyses, regarding the associations of coronary and peripheral artery disease with presence, expansion, and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm through a systematic literature search. Our exhaustive search identified seven meta-analyses, which suggest that both coronary and peripheral artery disease are positively associated with presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm, may be negatively associated with expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysm, and might be unassociated with rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

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