Comprehensive Review and Future Research Directions on Dynamic Faceted Search

In modern society, the increasing number of web search operations on various search engines has become ubiquitous due to the significant number of results presented to the users and the incompetent result-ranking mechanism in some domains, such as medical, law, and academia. As a result, the user is overwhelmed with a large number of misranked or uncategorized search results. One of the most promising technologies to reduce the number of results and provide desirable information to the users is dynamic faceted filters. Therefore, this paper extensively reviews related research articles published in IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and the ACM digital library. As a result, a total of 170 related research papers were considered and organized into five categories. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a detailed analysis of the faceted search’s fundamental attributes, as well as to demonstrate the motivation from the usage, concerns, challenges, and recommendations to enhance the use of the faceted approach among web search service providers.

Interactive Exploration of the Readability of Science Authors

Here we present a new text analysis tool that consists of a text analysis service and an author search service. These services were created by using or extending many existing Free and Open Source tools, including streamlit, requests, WordCloud, TextStat, and The Natural Language Tool Kit. The tool has the capability to retrieve journal hosting links and journal article content from APIs and journal hosting websites. Together, these services allow the user to review the complexity of a scientist’s published work relative to other online-based text repositories. Rather than providing feedback as to the complexity of a single text as previous tools have done, the tool presented here shows the relative complexity across many texts from the same author, while also comparing the readability of the author’s body of work to a variety of other scientific and lay text types. The goal of this work is to apply a more data-driven approach that provides established academic authors with statistical insights into their body of published peer reviewed work. By monitoring these readability metrics, scientists may be able to cater their writing to reach broader audiences, contributing to an improved global communication and understanding of complex topics.

Recommendations for the FAIRification of genomic track metadata

Background: Many types of data from genomic analyses can be represented as genomic tracks, i.e. features linked to the genomic coordinates of a reference genome. Examples of such data are epigenetic DNA methylation data, ChIP-seq peaks, germline or somatic DNA variants, as well as RNA-seq expression levels. Researchers often face difficulties in locating, accessing and combining relevant tracks from external sources, as well as locating the raw data, reducing the value of the generated information. Description of work: We propose to advance the application of FAIR data principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) to produce searchable metadata for genomic tracks. Findability and Accessibility of metadata can then be ensured by a track search service that integrates globally identifiable metadata from various track hubs in the Track Hub Registry and other relevant repositories. Interoperability and Reusability need to be ensured by the specification and implementation of a basic set of recommendations for metadata. We have tested this concept by developing such a specification in a JSON Schema, called FAIRtracks, and have integrated it into a novel track search service, called TrackFind. We demonstrate practical usage by importing datasets through TrackFind into existing examples of relevant analytical tools for genomic tracks: EPICO and the GSuite HyperBrowser. Conclusion: We here provide a first iteration of a draft standard for genomic track metadata, as well as the accompanying software ecosystem. It can easily be adapted or extended to future needs of the research community regarding data, methods and tools, balancing the requirements of both data submitters and analytical end-users.

Adverse drug events: description of an active search process in a teaching hospital of the Sentinela Network

Objective: To describe the implementation of an active search service for adverse drug events (ADE) in a teaching hospital in the Midwest region of Brazil. Method: Observational sectional study conducted at the Pharmacovigilance Service in a University hospital in the Midwest Region of Brazil, from March to August/2019. All patients admitted to a medical clinic unit were included and those who did not find medical records were excluded. A work process structured in six stages was elaborated: 1) elaboration of a list of triggers through literature review; 2) elaboration of a list of patients whose previously selected triggers appeared; 3) visiting the wards and reviewing medical records; 4) validation of ADE; 5) notification of ADE to Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária; 6) registration of information in databases. Results: The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of each tracker was calculated individually and globally. The relative and absolute frequency of ADE was calculated as to the type, description and the drug involved. A total of 479 searches were made in the period and the frequency of ADE was 7.48%. The global triggers PPV was 0.04. The trigger with the best performance was promethazine (1.00), followed by the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (0.67). Regarding the identified ADE, it was observed that most of the time, 24.14% were related to infusion reactions. It was observed that 53.85% of the drugs involved in ADE were high alert medications. Conclusion: It was observed that the implementation of an active search service for ADE in hospitals that do not have the support of an electronic medical record system is feasible to be performed. It was also observed a high frequency of ADE and that the active search guided by triggers allows to identify events that otherwise could not be identified.

Open Polar: a new freely search service of publications and research data of Polar Regions

<p>Research data plays a key role in monitoring and predicting any natural phenomena, including changes in the Polar Regions. The limited access to data restricts the ability of researchers to monitor, predict and model environmental changes and their socio-economic repercussions. In a recent survey of 113 major polar research institutions, we found out that an estimated 60% of the existing polar research data is unfindable through common search engines and can only be accessed through institutional webpages. In social science and indigenous knowledge, this findability gap is even higher, approximately 84% of the total existing data. This raises an awareness sign and the call for the need of the scientific community to collect information on the global output of research data and publications related to the Polar Regions and present it in a homogenous, seamless database.</p><p>In this contribution, we present a new, open access discovery service, Open Polar, with the purpose of rendering polar research more visible and retrievable to the research community as well as to the interested public, teachers, students and decision-makers. The new service is currently under construction and will be hosted by UiT The Arctic University of Norway in close collaboration with the Norwegian Polar Institute and other international partners. The beta version of the Open Polar was made available in February 2021. We welcome comments and suggestions from the scientific community to the beta version, while we plan to launch the stable production version of the service by summer 2021. The beta version of the service can already be tested at the URL: www.openpolar.no</p>

Regulatory-approved Deep Learning/Machine Learning-Based Medical Devices in Japan as of 2020: A Systematic Review

Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are changing the world and reshaping the medical field. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to determine the status of regulatory-approved ML/DL-based medical devices in Japan, a leading stakeholder in international regulatory harmonization. Information about the medical devices were obtained from the Japan Association for the Advancement of Medical Equipment search service. The usage of ML/DL methodology in the medical devices was confirmed using public announcements or by contacting the marketing authorization holders via e-mail when the public announcements were insufficient for confirmation. Among the 114,150 medical devices found, 11 were regulatory-approved ML/DL-based Software as a Medical Device (SaMD), with 6 products (54.5%) related to radiology and 5 products (45.5%) related to gastroenterology. The domestic ML/DL-based SaMD were mostly related to health check-ups, which are common in Japan. Our review provides a global overview that can foster international competitiveness and further tailored advancements.