Rapid Dry Combustion Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Soil Organic Matter and Organic Carbon.

1921 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Read
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Dry Combustion

A note on the determination of soil organic matter: A wet combustion method

1929 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Kjeldahl Method

(1) A gasometric method for the determination of organic carbon in soils by the use of sulphuric-chromic acid mixtures at 100° C., as suggested by Watts in 1902, is described, and recommended for use in routine soil analysis.(2) The method is compared with the Kjeldahl procedure recently introduced by Robinson, McLean and Williams, and is found to give results which are generally similar, though numerically slightly lower.(3) The wet combustion method is somewhat simpler than the Kjeldahl method, but it has the disadvantage that nitrogen determinations cannot be made simultaneously, so that its usefulness in studies on soil organic matter is decidedly less.

scholarly journals Relationship between the mass of organic matter and carbon in soil

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silmara R. Bianchi ◽  
Mario Miyazawa ◽  
Edson L. de Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Antonio Pavan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Oxidation Degree ◽  
Wide Range

The quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) was estimated through the determination of soil organic carbon (SOC) times a factor, which assumes that 58% of the SOM was formed by carbon. A number of soil samples with wide range of SOC content collected in the state of Paraná, Brazil were evaluated in the laboratory. SOC was measured by Walkley-Black method and the total SOM by loss on ignition. The SOC was positively correlated with SOM. The SOM/SOC ratio varied from 1.91 to 5.08 for the soils. It shows that Brazilian SOM has greater oxidation degree. Although, the SOM and SOC decreased with soil depth the SOM/SOC ratio increased. It showed that SOM in the subsoil contained more oxygen but less carbon than the SOM in the upper soil surface. The CEC/SOC also increased with depth indicating that the functional groups of the SOM increased per unity of carbon.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT OF MAIN SOIL ORDERS IN KURDISTAN REGION USING TWO DIFFERENT METHODS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khoshnaw & Esmail
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Equation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Dry Combustion

This study was conducted to compare between two methods of soil organic matter determination for main soil orders in Kurdistan region/Iraq, for this purpose forty-five soil samples were taken then the organic matter was determined using chemical (Walkley-Black (wet) method and loss-on-ignition method (dry) combustion method. The results indicated the significant correlation (r = 0.88**) between the studied methods It means there is good adjustment to convert organic matter by loss-on-ignition method (dry) to Walkley-Black (wet) method organic matter by this linear equation (organic matter by loss-on-ignition =1.651* Walkley-Black method organic matter +2.1877) this equation can be used to convert organic matter by two methods for Mollisols(M), Vertisols(V) and Aridisols(A) in Hawler(H), Sulaimani(S) and Duhok(D) governorates, this equation is very important and economic to determine and convert dry method to wet method, the amount of organic matter for M, V, A was recorded the highest value (49.5, 24.8, 20 gkg-1) respectively for Mollisols, Vertisols, and Aridisols at Hawler (H), Sulaimani (S), and Duhok(D) respectively for (DM5, SV4, DA1) in Duhok Mollisols, Sulaimani Vertisols and Duhok Aridisol respectively for walk- black (wet) method, the highest value for dry method organic matter in Mollisols, Vertisols, Aridisols was recorded (97.6, 77.9, 50.3 g kg-1) for soil orders (MD3, VD4, AD4) respectively.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of the van Bemmelen Conversion Factor used to Convert Soil Organic Matter Data to Soil Organic Carbon Data: Comparative Analyses in a UK Loamy Sand Soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Heaton ◽  
Michael A. Fullen ◽  
Ranjan Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Conversion Factor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Dry Combustion

Converting soil organic matter (SOM) data to soil organic carbon (SOC) data usually uses the van Bemmelen factor of 0.58 (or in reverse its reciprocal of 1.724) as a universal conversion factor. The accuracy of this conversion factor has been questioned. Under the Kyoto Protocol (1997) dry combustion is recommended to provide reproducible analyses to measure soil carbon stocks. However, dry combustion equipment is expensive and entails high maintenance. For rapid and inexpensive measurements, loss-on-ignition (LOI) is often used. A total of 278 loamy sand topsoil (0-5 cm depth) samples were taken during three soil sampling sessions (9 January 2007, 22 January 2009 and 10 October 2011) from runoff plots, splash erosion plots and grassed/cultivated plots on the Hilton Experimental Site, Shropshire, UK. A total of 124 soil samples were collected from both runoff and splash plots in both 2007 and 2009 (Bhattacharyya et al., 2011a). Some 22 of the collected samples in 2011 were from grassland (Ah horizon) and eight from cultivated soils (Ap horizon). Homogenized soil samples were split and SOM was determined on oven-dried samples by LOI and total SOC was determined by dry combustion. A conversion factor of 0.845 was used to obtain SOC from total soil C, following Rawlins et al. (2011). Results showed strong associations (R² = 0.70, P 0.001, n = 278) between SOM and SOC data. For all data, SOM to SOC conversion factors varied between 0.36-0.98, with a mean value of 0.66 (SD = 0.105). The mean values of the conversion factor were 0.64, 0.69 and 0.56, respectively, for the samples collected in 2007, 2009 and 2011. Results indicate the van Bemmelen factor (0.58) is a reasonable predictor, but both temporal and spatial variations occur around it within a specific soil type. Thus, caution should be exercised in SOM/SOC data conversions using the van Bemmelen factor.

An Examination of Methods for Determining Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Soils. (With One Text-figure.)

1935 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Walkley
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Text Figure ◽  
Kjeldahl Digestion ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Dry Combustion

1. The details of the Dennstedt dry-combustion method for determining carbon in soils were described, and some simplifications suggested.2. The Bangor modified Kjeldahl method for carbon and nitrogen in soils requires carefully standardised heating. Errors may arise from contamination of sandy soils by material abraded during grinding in iron or porcelain mills.3. For many heavy soils the addition of water before the Kjeldahl digestion is convenient but not essential. For heavy alkaline soils with little organic matter it is advisable to grind the soil very finely and to add water.

scholarly journals RAPID DETERMINATION OF CARBON IN SOIL ORGANIC MATTER EXTRACTS BY DRY-COMBUSTION

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Morris ◽  
M. Schnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Dry Combustion

not available

Soil organic matter formation is controlled by the chemistry and bioavailability of organic carbon inputs across different land uses

2021 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 145307
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bahadori ◽  
Chengrong Chen ◽  
Stephen Lewis ◽  
Sue Boyd ◽  
Mehran Rezaei Rashti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Formation

scholarly journals Microbiological properties and oxidizable organic carbon fractions of an oxisol under coffee with split phosphorus applications and irrigation regimes

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Rodolfo da Costa ◽  
Juliana Hiromi Sato ◽  
Maria Lucrécia Gerosa Ramos ◽  
Cícero Célio de Figueiredo ◽  
Géssica Pereira de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Organic Carbon Fractions

Phosphorus fertilization and irrigation increase coffee production, but little is known about the effect of these practices on soil organic matter and soil microbiota in the Cerrado. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and oxidizable organic carbon fractions of a dystrophic Red Latossol under coffee and split phosphorus (P) applications and different irrigation regimes. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a 3 x 2 factorial design with three split P applications (P1: 300 kg ha-1 P2O5, recommended for the crop year, of which two thirds were applied in September and the third part in December; P2: 600 kg ha-1 P2O5, applied at planting and then every two years, and P3: 1,800 kg ha-1 P2O5, the requirement for six years, applied at once at planting), two irrigation regimes (rainfed and year-round irrigation), with three replications. The layers 0-5 and 5-10 cm were sampled to determine microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (BR), enzyme activity of acid phosphatase, the oxidizable organic carbon fractions (F1, F2, F3, and F4), and total organic carbon (TOC). The irrigation regimes increased the levels of MBC, microbial activity and acid phosphatase, TOC and oxidizable fractions of soil organic matter under coffee. In general, the form of dividing P had little influence on the soil microbial properties and OC. Only P3 under irrigation increased the levels of MBC and acid phosphatase activity.

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