In order to study the electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics in seawater under external physical effects, we present a study of seawater ionic solution and perform a theoretical basis of magnetic field on water molecules and ionic motion to investigate the variation of dielectric properties with frequency under static magnetic field (0.38 T). Seawater is a naturally multi-component electrolyte solution, the main ingredients in seawater are inorganic salts, such as NaCl, MgSO4, MgCl2, CaCl2, KCl, NaHCO3, etc. The dielectric properties of these electrolyte solutions with different salinity values (0.01–5%) were measured in frequencies ranging from 40 to 5 MHz at 12[Formula: see text]C. The results show that the dielectric constant decreases with increasing frequencies no matter with magnetic field or without it. Frequency dependence of the dielectric constant of NaCl solution increases under magnetic field at measure concentrations. In a solution of MgCl2 ⋅ 6H2O, KCl and NaHCO3 are consistent with NaCl solution, while CaCl2 ⋅ 2H2O solution is in contrast with it. We also find that dielectric loss plays a major role in complex permittivity. With the effect of magnetic field, the proportion of dielectric loss is reducing in complex permittivity. On this basis it was concluded that the magnetic field influences the orientation of dipoles and the variation is different in salt aqueous solution.
