A Structural Approach to the Model Generalization of an Urban Street Network*

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jiang ◽  
C. Claramunt
Keyword(s):  
Structural Approach ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Model Generalization

scholarly journals RETRACTED ARTICLE: PROVIDING A DECREASING CONNECTION PROBABILITY MODEL FOR URBAN STREET NETWORK

Transport ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Ziari ◽  
Hamid Behbahani ◽  
Mohammed M. Khabiri
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Model Generalization ◽  
Retracted Article ◽  
Transportation Research

We apologise for the presented paper considered as a typical example of PLAGIARISM. The earlier published initial original references: • B. Jiang, C. Claramunt. 2004. A structural approach to the model generalization of an urban street network, GeoInformatica 8 (2): 157-171. • B. Jiang, C. Claramunt. 2002. A structural approach to model generalisation of an urban street network, in 5th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science, Palma (Mallorca, Spain) April 25th-27th 2002, 1–10. • G. Forbes. 2000. Urban roadway classification before the design begins, in Transportation Research E-Circular, Number E-C019. are not cited in the paper produced by H. Ziari, H. Behbahani and M. M. Khabiri. The Editorial Board of the Journal TRANSPORT and the Publishing House TECHNIKA have retracted the presented paper. The Editorial Board of the Journal TRANSPORT is AGAINST PLAGIARISM. Yours faithfully, on behalf of the Editorial Board of the Journal TRANSPORT, Editor-in-Chief, Prof. Adolfas Baublys.

scholarly journals Global trends toward urban street-network sprawl

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 1941-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Barrington-Leigh ◽  
Adam Millard-Ball
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Street Network ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Path Dependent ◽  
Changes Over Time

We present a global time series of street-network sprawl—that is, sprawl as measured through the local connectivity of the street network. Using high-resolution data from OpenStreetMap and a satellite-derived time series of urbanization, we compute and validate changes over time in multidimensional street connectivity measures based on graph-theoretic and geographic concepts. We report on global, national, and city-level trends since 1975 in the street-network disconnectedness index (SNDi), based on every mapped node and edge in the world. Streets in new developments in 90% of the 134 most populous countries have become less connected since 1975, while just 29% show an improving trend since 2000. The same period saw a near doubling in the relative frequency of a street-network type characterized by high circuity, typical of gated communities. We identify persistence in street-network sprawl, indicative of path-dependent processes. Specifically, cities and countries with low connectivity in recent years also had relatively low preexisting connectivity in our earliest time period. We discuss implications for policy intervention in road building in new and expanding cities as a top priority for sustainable urban development.

The Development of Pompeii’s Urban Street Network

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric E. Poehler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Street Networks ◽  
The City ◽  
Present Understanding

Chapter 2 explores the present understanding of Pompeii’s evolution by disassembling the apparent patchwork of grids across the city and reconsiders the presumed awkwardness in their adhesion. To do this, the traditional tools of formal analysis—street alignments and block shapes—are employed with and critiqued by the stratigraphic evidence recovered in the last three decades of excavation below the 79 CE levels. The result is an outline of the development of Pompeii’s urban form as a series of street networks: from the archaic age, through the period of the “hiatus” of the fifth and fourth centuries BCE, to a reorganization of the city’s space so profound that it can genuinely be considered a refoundation, and finally to the adjustments of a refounded city in the Colonial, Augustan, and post-earthquake(s) periods.

scholarly journals Multifractal scaling analyses of urban street network structure: The cases of twelve megacities in China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246925
Author(s):  
Yuqing Long ◽  
Yanguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Street Networks ◽  
Multifractal Scaling

Traffic networks have been proved to be fractal systems. However, previous studies mainly focused on monofractal networks, while complex systems are of multifractal structure. This paper is devoted to exploring the general regularities of multifractal scaling processes in the street network of 12 Chinese cities. The city clustering algorithm is employed to identify urban boundaries for defining comparable study areas; box-counting method and the direct determination method are utilized to extract spatial data; the least squares calculation is employed to estimate the global and local multifractal parameters. The results showed multifractal structure of urban street networks. The global multifractal dimension spectrums are inverse S-shaped curves, while the local singularity spectrums are asymmetric unimodal curves. If the moment order q approaches negative infinity, the generalized correlation dimension will seriously exceed the embedding space dimension 2, and the local fractal dimension curve displays an abnormal decrease for most cities. The scaling relation of local fractal dimension gradually breaks if the q value is too high, but the different levels of the network always keep the scaling reflecting singularity exponent. The main conclusions are as follows. First, urban street networks follow multifractal scaling law, and scaling precedes local fractal structure. Second, the patterns of traffic networks take on characteristics of spatial concentration, but they also show the implied trend of spatial deconcentration. Third, the development space of central area and network intensive areas is limited, while the fringe zone and network sparse areas show the phenomenon of disordered evolution. This work may be revealing for understanding and further research on complex spatial networks by using multifractal theory.

scholarly journals The structure, centrality, and scale of urban street networks: Cases from Pre-Industrial Afro-Eurasia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259680
Author(s):  
Mark Altaweel ◽  
Jack Hanson ◽  
Andrea Squitieri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Systems ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Street Networks ◽  
Linear Manner ◽  
Urban Sites

Cities and towns have often developed infrastructure that enabled a variety of socio-economic interactions. Street networks within these urban settings provide key access to resources, neighborhoods, and cultural facilities. Studies on settlement scaling have also demonstrated that a variety of urban infrastructure and resources indicate clear population scaling relationships in both modern and ancient settings. This article presents an approach that investigates past street network centrality and its relationship to population scaling in urban contexts. Centrality results are compared statistically among different urban settings, which are categorized as orthogonal (i.e., planned) or self-organizing (i.e., organic) urban settings, with places having both characteristics classified as hybrid. Results demonstrate that street nodes have a power law relationship to urban area, where the number of nodes increases and node density decreases in a sub-linear manner for larger sites. Most median centrality values decrease in a negative sub-linear manner as sites are larger, with organic and hybrid urban sites’ centrality being generally less and diminishing more rapidly than orthogonal settings. Diminishing centrality shows comparability to modern urban systems, where larger urban districts may restrict overall interaction due to increasing transport costs over wider areas. Centrality results indicate that scaling results have multiples of approximately ⅙ or ⅓ that are comparable to other urban and road infrastructure, suggesting a potential relationship between different infrastructure features and population in urban centers. The results have implications for archaeological settlements where urban street plans are incomplete or undetermined, as it allows forecasts to be made on past urban sites’ street network centrality. Additionally, a tool to enable analysis of street networks and centrality is provided as part of the contribution.

scholarly journals Intersection Signal Timing Optimisation for an Urban Street Network to Minimise Traffic Delays

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-592
Author(s):  
Manel Terraza ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Zongzhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Pedestrian Delays

The ever-increasing travel demand outpacing available transportation capacity especially in the U.S. urban areas has led to more severe traffic congestion and delays. This study proposes a methodology for intersection signal timing optimisation for an urban street network aimed to minimise intersection-related delays by dynamically adjusting green splits of signal timing plans designed for intersections in an urban street network in each hour of the day in response to varying traffic entering the intersections. Two options are considered in optimisation formulation, which are concerned with minimising vehicle delays per cycle, and minimising weighted vehicle and pedestrian delays per cycle calculated using the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) method. The hourly vehicular traffic is derived by progressively executing a regional travel demand forecasting model that could handle interactions between signal timing plans and predicted vehicular traffic entering intersections, coupled with pedestrian crossing counts. A computational study is conducted for methodology application to the central business district (CBD) street network in Chicago, USA. Relative weights for calculating weighted vehicle and pedestrian delays, and intersection degrees of saturation are revealed to be significant factors affecting the effectiveness of network-wide signal timing optimisation. For the current study, delay reductions are maximised using a weighting split of 78/22 between vehicle and pedestrian delays.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF VILNIUS STREET NETWORK/VILNIAUS GATVIŲ TINKLO FORMAVIMAS

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Pranciškus Juškevičius
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Network Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Network Expansion ◽  
City Street ◽  
The City

The planning of city street network expansion faces a new problem in Lithuania—indetermination of the city development. The model of street network and its loading has demonstrated the possible variant of relatively balanced development of urban street network. But in spite of this it does not close the increasing gap between the need for street network capacities and possibilities available. The main strategic trend in street network development is gradual forming the street network subsystem of the highest category. It should be supplemented by the reconstruction of the existing crossings as well as by creating new regulation equipment of high quality. One of the components of street network development strategy is the restriction of traffic and parking in the city centre and old town.

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