The Relationship Between Institutional Expenditures and Degree Attainment at Baccalaureate Colleges

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Institutional Expenditures ◽  
Baccalaureate Colleges ◽  
The Relationship

The School-to-Work Transition of College Graduates

ILR Review ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Fiorito
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Choice ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
College Majors ◽  
Curriculum Choice ◽  
Work Transition ◽  
First Job ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship between curriculum choice and occupational choice. The lag between curriculum choice and degree attainment generally ensures a mismatch between new labor supply and employer requirements, even if students are quite responsive to labor market conditions. The author hypothesizes that adjustment to that lag is primarily a function of market conditions and the technical compatibility of possible combinations of college majors and occupations. He tests his model with NSF data on two recent cohorts of male baccalaureate recipients, which are used to calculate the probability that a student in a given major obtains a first job in a related occupation. The author's model explains a large proportion of the differences in that probability across majors and occupations.

scholarly journals Up and Down the Generational Income Ladder in Britain: Past Changes and Future Prospects

2008 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Blanden ◽  
Stephen Machin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Parental Income ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

This article seeks evidence on trends in intergenerational income for cohorts born after 1970. As many of these cohorts have not yet joined the labour market, we must look at relationships between intermediate outcomes (degree attainment, test scores and non-cognitive abilities) and parental income to forecast forward from these to estimates of intergenerational earnings correlations. We find no evidence that the relationship between these intermediate outcomes and parental income have changed for more recent cohorts. Evidence from the earlier 1958 and 1970 cohorts shows that as mobility declined in the past the relationship between intermediate outcomes and parental income strengthened. We therefore conclude that, under realistic assumptions and in the absence of any significant unanticipated changes, the decline in intergenerational mobility that occurred between 1958 and 1970 birth cohorts is unlikely to continue for cohorts born from 1970 to 2000. Mobility is therefore likely to remain at or near the relatively low level observed for the 1970 birth cohort.

The Effect of Loans on Students' Degree Attainment: Differences by Student and Institutional Characteristics

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONGBIN KIM
Keyword(s):  
Financial Aid ◽  
Degree Completion ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Student Loan ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Student Loan Debt ◽  
Loan Debt ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

In this article, Dongbin Kim investigates the relationship between undergraduate student loan debt and degree attainment. Using data from the Beginning Postsecondary Student (BPS) surveys in 1995–1996 and 2000–2001, she examines whether the relationship between debt and degree attainment is different for students with different parental income levels or racial/ethnic backgrounds, and for students attending different types of higher education institutions. Controlling for a range of individual and institutional characteristics, Kim uses hierarchical generalized linear modeling to find that higher student loan debt in the first year of college is associated with lower probabilities of degree completion among low-income and Black students. Her findings suggest that students' increased reliance on loans for financial aid may widen the income and racial/ethnic gaps in degree completion, despite the fact that a primary goal of financial aid is to narrow those gaps.

Influences on the Educational Degree Attainment of Two-Year College Students

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Nippert
Keyword(s):  
Student Persistence ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Two Year Colleges ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Two Year College ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Educational Degree ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Persistence Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

With increasing numbers of students enrolling at two-year colleges, it is clear that additional research is needed to understand and predict the persistence behavior of this group of students. The central purpose of this study was to examine the effects of students' backgrounds, academic and social integration, external influences, and institutional satisfaction on the educational degree attainment of students who began their college experience at two-year colleges. The findings of this study are consistent with previous research and confirm the relationship of college academic activities and college grade point average with student persistence. Students' willingness to re-enroll in their freshman college was also found to positively influence educational degree attainment.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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