Biochemical Changes during Post-larval Growth in White Muscle of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) fed Zinc-fortified Diets

Myostatin (MSTN), a negative regulator of muscle growth and a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, can bind the two activin type 2 receptors (ACVR2). It has been previously shown that WT mice injected with ACVR2B extracellular domain (ACVR2B-ECD) had higher muscle mass. Likewise, fish larvae immersed inPichia pastorisculture supernatant, containing goldfish Acvr2b-ECD, showed enhanced larval growth. However, it is not clear whether fish Mstn1 and Mstn2 signal through the same receptor and whether fish express more than oneacvr2bgene. In the current study, three cDNAs encodingacvr2b(saacvr2b-1, saacvr2b-2a, and saacvr2b-2b) were cloned from gilthead sea bream. All three contain the short extracellular binding domain, a short transmembrane region, and a conserved catalytic domain of serine/threonine protein kinase. Bioinformatics analysis provided evidence for the existence of twoacvr2bgenes (acvr2b-1 andacvr2b-2) in several other fish species as well, probably as a result of gene or genome duplication. The two isoforms differ in their amino acid sequences. The direct inhibitory effect of Acvr2b-ECD on Mstn activity was testedin vitro. The saAcvr2b-1-ECD was expressed in the yeastP. pastoris. Evidence is provided for N-glycosylation of Acvr2b-1-ECD. The affinity-purified Acvr2b-1-ECD inhibited recombinant mouse/rat/human mature MSTN activity when determinedin vitrousing the CAGA-luciferase assay in A204 cells. A lower inhibitory activity was obtained when unprocessed purified, furin-digested, and activated saMstn1 was used. Results of this study demonstrate for the first time the existence of twoacvr2bgenes in fish. In addition, the study shows that bioactive fish Acvr2b-ECD can be produced fromP. pastoris.

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Maslinic acid, a natural triterpene, and ration size increased growth and protein turnover of white muscle in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture Nutrition ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00933.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 568-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E.E. Rufino-Palomares ◽

F.J. Reyes-Zurita ◽

L. García-Salguero ◽

J. Peragón ◽

M. De La Higuera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Turnover ◽

White Muscle ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Maslinic Acid ◽

Ration Size

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Sustained swimming enhances white muscle capillarisation and growth by hyperplasia in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fingerlings

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.10.062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 501 ◽

pp. 397-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Moya ◽

J.R. Torrella ◽

J. Fernández-Borràs ◽

D. Rizo-Roca ◽

A. Millán-Cubillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Muscle ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream

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Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone-Induced Metabolic Remodelling Enhances Growth of Gilthead Sea-Bream (Sparus aurata): Insights from Stable Isotopes Composition and Proteomics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222313107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (23) ◽

pp. 13107

Author(s):

Josefina Blasco ◽

Emilio J. Vélez ◽

Miquel Perelló-Amorós ◽

Sheida Azizi ◽

Encarnación Capilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

White Muscle ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Muscle Growth ◽

Somatic Growth ◽

Isotopic Analysis ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Bovine Growth Hormone

Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors (GH/IGF axis) regulate somatic growth in mammals and fish, although their action on metabolism is not fully understood in the latter. An intraperitoneal injection of extended-release recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH, Posilac®) was used in gilthead sea bream fingerlings and juveniles to analyse the metabolic response of liver and red and white muscles by enzymatic, isotopic and proteomic analyses. GH-induced lipolysis and glycogenolysis were reflected in liver composition, and metabolic and redox enzymes reported higher lipid use and lower protein oxidation. In white and red muscle reserves, rBGH increased glycogen while reducing lipid. The isotopic analysis of muscles showed a decrease in the recycling of proteins and a greater recycling of lipids and glycogen in the rBGH groups, which favoured a protein sparing effect. The protein synthesis capacity (RNA/protein) of white muscle increased, while cytochrome-c-oxidase (COX) protein expression decreased in rBGH group. Proteomic analysis of white muscle revealed only downregulation of 8 proteins, related to carbohydrate metabolic processes. The global results corroborated that GH acted by saving dietary proteins for muscle growth mainly by promoting the use of lipids as energy in the muscles of the gilthead sea bream. There was a fuel switch from carbohydrates to lipids with compensatory changes in antioxidant pathways that overall resulted in enhanced somatic growth.

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Characterization and functional analysis of the 5′ flanking region of myosin light chain-2 gene expressed in white muscle of the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D Genomics and Proteomics ◽

10.1016/j.cbd.2007.04.001 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 187-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. Funkenstein ◽

T. Skopal ◽

B. Rapoport ◽

Y. Rebhan ◽

S.J. Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Analysis ◽

Light Chain ◽

Myosin Light Chain ◽

White Muscle ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Myosin Light Chain 2 ◽

Flanking Region

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Stress effects of amyloodiniosis in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms ◽

10.3354/dao03199 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 127 (3) ◽

pp. 201-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M Moreira ◽

M Herrera ◽

P Pousão-Ferreira ◽

JI Navas Triano ◽

F Soares

Keyword(s):

Sparus Aurata ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Stress Effects

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Ingestion of plastic and non-plastic microfibers by farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) at different life stages

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146851 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 782 ◽

pp. 146851

Author(s):

S. Savoca ◽

K. Matanović ◽

G. D'Angelo ◽

V. Vetri ◽

S. Anselmo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Life Stages ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio

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Experimental Horizontal Transmission of Enterospora nucleophila (Microsporea: Enterocytozoonidae) in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 362

Author(s):

Amparo Picard-Sánchez ◽

M. Carla Piazzon ◽

Itziar Estensoro ◽

Raquel Del Pozo ◽

Nahla Hossameldin Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sparus Aurata ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Infected Fish ◽

Gilthead Sea Bream ◽

Sea Bream ◽

Target Tissue ◽

Farmed Fish ◽

Infection Level ◽

Available Information

Enterospora nucleophila is a microsporidian enteroparasite that infects mainly the intestine of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), leading to an emaciative syndrome. Thus far, the only available information about this infection comes from natural outbreaks in farmed fish. The aim of the present study was to determine whether E. nucleophila could be transmitted horizontally using naturally infected fish as donors, and to establish an experimental in vivo procedure to study this host–parasite model without depending on natural infections. Naïve fish were exposed to the infection by cohabitation, effluent, or intubated either orally or anally with intestinal scrapings of donor fish in four different trials. We succeeded in detecting parasite in naïve fish in all the challenges, but the infection level and the disease signs were always milder than in donor fish. The parasite was found in peripheral blood of naïve fish at 4 weeks post-challenge (wpc) in oral and effluent routes, and up to 12 wpc in the anal transmission trial. Molecular diagnosis detected E. nucleophila in other organs besides intestine, such as gills, liver, stomach or heart, although the intensity was not as high as in the target tissue. The infection tended to disappear through time in all the challenge routes assayed, except in the anal infection route.

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