Behandlung psychosomatischer Störungen – Psychotherapie mit Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing

Sind Eine ◽

Zusammenfassung. Dysfunktional gespeicherte Gedächtnisinformationen sind eine mögliche Ursache psychosomatischer Störungen. EMDR (Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) basiert auf dem «Adaptive Information Processing Model». Dieser psychotherapeutische Ansatz kann zur Behandlung psychosomatischer Störungen eingesetzt werden, um die pathogenen Informationen zu aktivieren und von einem dysfunktionalen in einen adaptiven Zustand zu überführen. EMDR hat sich wissenschaftlich für die Behandlung posttraumatischer Belastungsstörungen bewährt, während die Behandlung von psychosomatischen Störungen ein neueres Einsatzgebiet darstellt. Kürzlich haben Studien die Wirksamkeit von EMDR bei Migränekopfschmerzen, Hautkrankheiten, Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen, chronischem Fatique-Syndrom, chronischem Schmerzsyndrom und Phantomschmerzen dokumentiert.

Adaptive Information Processing, Targeting, the Standard Protocol, and Strategies for Successful Outcomes in EMDR Reprocessing

10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.92 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 92-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Barbara J. Hensley

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Standard Protocol ◽

Focal Points ◽

Adaptive Resolution ◽

Successful Outcomes ◽

This article provides excerpts from each chapter of An EMDR Primer: From Practicum to Practice (Hensley, 2009) to assist novice eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) clinicians who are learning how to use this approach and to serve as a refresher for therapists who have not used EMDR consistently in their practices. Actual cases are presented that demonstrate various strategies that the therapist can use to help clients reach adaptive resolution of trauma. Tables and figures highlight important features to explain the obvious and subtle nuances of EMDR. Focal points are the following: (a) the adaptive information processing model; (b) the types of targets accessed during the EMDR process; (c) the 8 phases of EMDR; (d) the components of the standard EMDR protocol used during the assessment phase; (e) past, present, and future in terms of appropriate targeting and successful outcomes; and (f) strategies and techniques for dealing with challenging clients, high levels of abreaction, and blocked processing.

An Adaptive Information Processing Model for Treating Psychological Defenses

EMDR Toolbox ◽

10.1891/9780826172563.0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Adaptive Information Processing ◽

Psychological Defenses

A Guide to the Standard EMDR Therapy Protocols for Clinicians, Supervisors, and Consultants ◽

The Adaptive Information Processing Model

10.1891/9780826131171.0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

EMDR and the Adaptive Information Processing ModelPotential Mechanisms of Change

10.1891/1933-3196.2.4.315 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 315-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

Roger M. Solomon ◽

Francine Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Clinical Pathology ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Therapeutic Change ◽

Mechanisms Of Change ◽

Adaptive Networks ◽

Bilateral Stimulation ◽

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic approach guided by the adaptive information processing (AIP) model. This article provides a brief overview of some of the major precepts of AIP. The basis of clinical pathology is hypothesized to be dysfunctionally stored memories, with therapeutic change resulting from the processing of these memories within larger adaptive networks. Unlike extinction-based exposure therapies, memories targeted in EMDR are posited to transmute during processing and are then again stored by a process of reconsolidation. Therefore, a comparison and contrast to extinction-based information processing models and treatment is provided, including implications for clinical practice. Throughout the article a variety of mechanisms of action are discussed, including those inferred by tenets of the AIP model, and the EMDR procedures themselves, including the bilateral stimulation. Research suggestions are offered in order to investigate various hypotheses.

A Dialectical Perspective on the Adaptive Information Processing Model and EMDR Therapy

10.1891/1933-3196.11.2.111 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 111-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Brurit Laub ◽

Nomi Weiner ◽

Sheila S. Bender

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Vertical Movement ◽

Therapeutic Presence ◽

Dependence Versus ◽

Dialectical Perspective ◽

Self Worth ◽

The Individual ◽

Adaptive Information Processing ◽

Emdr Therapy

This article proposes a dialectical perspective on the adaptive information processing (AIP) model (F. Shapiro, 1995, 2001) with application to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Dialectical principles may contribute to a more detailed understanding of the way the AIP system works as well as adding new therapeutic guidelines. Our dialectical perspective is based on 2 propositions. The first is that the movement of the AIP system toward integration consists of 2 dialectical movements: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal movement is between various opposites of the individual such as danger versus safety, dependence versus independence, worthlessness versus self-worth. The vertical movement relates to whole/part shifts in which a whole becomes a part of the next higher whole. The synergetic flow of both dialectical movements is depicted as a spiral of the AIP system. The second proposition suggests that the AIP system operates through cycles of differentiation and linking. These cycles separate the condensed and fragmented memory network into parts, enabling new links to occur. Differentiation and linking are also discussed in relation to dialectical attunement and mindful dual awareness. Using clinical vignettes, we illustrate how this perspective can supply the EMDR therapist a map of the client’s associative processing, enhance attuned therapeutic presence, and promote effective dialectical interweaves when processing is stuck.

What Is EMDR? Concluding Commentary by Greenwald and Response by Shapiro

10.1891/1933-3196.5.1.25 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 25-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ricky Greenwald ◽

Francine Shapiro ◽

Francine Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Theoretical Model ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Professional Organizations ◽

Empirical Basis ◽

Traditional Process ◽

Adaptive Information Processing ◽

Emdr Therapy

This Point/Counterpoint concludes the interchange in Greenwald, R. and Shapiro, F. (2010) What is EMDR?: Commentary by Greenwald and Invited Response by Shapiro Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4, 170–179. Greenwald Rejoinder: In this rejoinder, I highlight areas of agreement between Shapiro and me that were obscured by Shapiro’s (2010) response to my (Greenwald, 2010) commentary. I also address some of the erroneous statements made by Shapiro (2010) in her arguments against my positions. Finally, I summarize our disagreements, and again assert that until we have an empirical basis for preferring a particular theoretical model of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), it is premature for professional organizations to endorse Shapiro’s model. Shapiro Response: In response to Greenwald, I again confine myself to addressing some of the errors and misconceptions in his arguments in relation to important aspects of EMDR therapy, theory, and research. Further, contrary to his assertion, there is already a sufficient empirical basis to support the preferential use of the adaptive information processing (AIP) model from which the EMDR procedures were formulated. His argument against this position is antithetical to the traditional process by which foundational models are challenged, refined, or replaced. Implications are salient to both training and practice.

Disorganized Attachment in the "Worried Well": Trauma and Dissociation in Adjustment Disorders as Seen through the "Adaptive Information Processing Model"

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e608922012-014 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Tony Cotraccia

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Disorganized Attachment ◽

Adjustment Disorders ◽

EMDR, Adaptive Information Processing, and Case Conceptualization

10.1891/1933-3196.1.2.68 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 68-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Francine Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Processing System ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Case Conceptualization ◽

Empirically Supported Treatment ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

EMDR is an integrative, client-centered psychotherapy approach that emphasizes the brain’s information processing system and memories of disturbing experiences as the bases of those pathologies not caused by organic deficit or insult. EMDR addresses the experiences that contribute to clinical conditions and those needed to bring the client to a robust state of psychological health. Overviews of the history, development, and research that have established EMDR as an empirically supported treatment are provided. Subsequent to an explanation of the adaptive information processing model, an extended case example is used to illustrate the recommended EMDR case conceptualization and eight phases of treatment. This approach is used to process the early memories that set the foundation for the pathology and the present situations that trigger the dysfunction, while providing templates for appropriate future action that incorporate the information and behaviors needed to overcome skill and/or developmental deficits. The benefits of integrating EMDR and family systems perspectives to provide the most comprehensive therapeutic effects are described.