Psychopathology and Parental Stress in 3–6-Year-Old Children with Incontinence

Abstract. Objective: Incontinence and functional gastrointestinal disorders are common in young children and are associated with higher rates of psychological symptoms and mental disorders. This article focuses on the mutual association between incontinence and related toilet refusal syndrome, parental stress, and children’s psychopathology especially in young children. Methods: Children’s psychological symptoms, mental disorders, and parental stress levels were assessed in 38 parent-child dyads involving children with incontinence and 42 dyads of typically developing (TD) children. Results: Compared to TD children, patients had higher internalizing and externalizing CBCL scores and higher rates of clinically relevant externalizing problems. However, the rates of clinically relevant internalizing problems and mental disorders did not differ. The parents of children with incontinence reported significantly higher stress levels regarding child-related stress factors (PSI-CD) than did parents of TD children. However, there were no clinically relevant parental stress scores on a group level, which remained below the clinical range (T-value < 60). When simultaneously analyzed, children’s (comorbid) mental disorders but not incontinence had a major impact on parental stress. Conclusions: Despite moderate stress levels, incontinence symptoms, urinary and fecal incontinence are highly prevalent in young children. However, stress among parents of young children was mainly elicited by any (comorbid) mental disorder.

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Differences in Associations of Menopausal Symptoms with Job-related Stress Factors in Full-time and Part-time Workers in Japan

International Journal of Women’s Health Care ◽

10.33140/ijwhc/02/01/00002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Menopausal Symptoms ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Full Time ◽

Workplace Environment ◽

High Frequencies ◽

Part Time ◽

Related Stress ◽

Job Related Stress

Background: A large proportion of women in the workforce including part-time workers and full-time workers are in the period of menopausal transition. The degree and kind of menopausal symptoms may be different in full-time workers and part-time workers since the contents of job-related stress in full-time workers and part-time workers are different. We compared menopausal symptoms and job-related stress factors in full-time workers and part-time workers and the associations of menopausal symptoms with job-related stress in both groups. Methods: Health questionnaires including Greene’s climacteric scales and job-related stress scores were given to 613 female general workers aged 45-60 years in Japan. Results: Total Greene’s climacteric scores were not significantly different in full-time workers and part-time workers. Symptoms with high frequencies in both full-time and part-time workers were feeling tired or lacking in energy, loss of interest in sex and irritability. Scores for quantitative overload, qualitative overload and interpersonal relationships in full-time workers were significantly lower than those in part-time workers, while scores for physical overload and workplace environment in part-time workers were significantly lower than those in full-time workers. Psychological symptoms showed significant associations with job control, interpersonal relationships, workplace environment, job fitness and job satisfaction in full-time workers. Conclusions: The degree of job-related stress and the association of job-related stress with menopausal symptoms were different in full-time workers and part-time workers, though menopausal symptoms were similar in full-time and part-time workers. Different strategies for management of menopausal symptoms may be needed in full-time workers and part-time workers.

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Disfluency Characteristics Observed in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Preliminary Report

Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders ◽

10.1044/ffd20.2.42 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 42-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Laura W. Plexico ◽

Julie E. Cleary ◽

Ashlynn McAlpine ◽

Allison M. Plumb

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽

Young Children ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Children With Asd ◽

Young Children With Autism ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Developmental Stuttering

This descriptive study evaluates the speech disfluencies of 8 verbal children between 3 and 5 years of age with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Speech samples were collected for each child during standardized interactions. Percentage and types of disfluencies observed during speech samples are discussed. Although they did not have a clinical diagnosis of stuttering, all of the young children with ASD in this study produced disfluencies. In addition to stuttering-like disfluencies and other typical disfluencies, the children with ASD also produced atypical disfluencies, which usually are not observed in children with typically developing speech or developmental stuttering. (Yairi & Ambrose, 2005).

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Comorbid mental disorders during long‐term course in a nationwide cohort of patients with anorexia nervosa

International Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1002/eat.23570 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hans‐Christoph Steinhausen ◽

Martin Dalgaard Villumsen ◽

Kirsten Hørder ◽

Laura Al‐Dakhiel Winkler ◽

Niels Bilenberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Comorbid Mental Disorders

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Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and young children in China

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02610-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ying Huang ◽

Serene Yaling Tan ◽

Panam Parikh ◽

Vanitha Buthmanaban ◽

Shaman Rajindrajith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Functional Constipation ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Rome Iv ◽

Infants And Young Children

Abstract Background The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children, particularly from Asia, is largely unknown. There are not many studies done in Asia especially using the Rome IV criteria. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of FGIDs in infants and young children in a representative sample in China. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional, community-based survey was conducted among healthy infants and young children between the ages of 0–4 years in Jinhua and Shanghai, China. A total of 2604 subjects (1300 subjects from Jinhua and 1304 subjects from Shanghai) completed a validated questionnaire on pediatric gastrointestinal symptoms. FGIDs in infants and young children were diagnosed using the Rome IV criteria. Results According to the Rome IV criteria, the prevalence of having a FGID in Chinese infants and young children is 27.3%. Infant regurgitation (33.9%) was the most common FGID among the 0–6 months old while functional constipation (7.0%) was the most common among the 1–4 years old. Risk factor analysis revealed that prevalence of infantile colic was higher with better maternal education and low birth weight. Prevalence of infantile regurgitation was significantly greater in males, living in a rural area, being exclusively breast fed at least up to 4 months and starting formula feeds within the first month. The risk of functional constipation was lower for infants who were delivered vaginally. Conclusions Infantile regurgitation was the most common FGID in Chinese infants while functional constipation was most prevalent among young Chinese children. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Registry Identifier: NL6973/NTR7161.

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Association of Job‐related Stress Factors with Psychological and Somatic Symptoms among Japanese Hospital Nurses: Effect of Departmental Environment in Acute Care Hospitals

Journal of Occupational Health ◽

10.1539/joh.50.79 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 79-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Yuri Kawano

Keyword(s):

Acute Care ◽

Somatic Symptoms ◽

Acute Care Hospitals ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Hospital Nurses ◽

Related Stress ◽

Job Related Stress

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Association of job-related stress factors with stress reactions among male researchers at a Japanese academic institution

Stress Science Research ◽

10.5058/stresskagakukenkyu.26.61 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yu Sakagami ◽

Masahiko Ando ◽

Takashi Kawamura

Keyword(s):

Academic Institution ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Stress Reactions ◽

Related Stress ◽

Job Related Stress

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Process-outcome associations in an interdisciplinary treatment for chronic pain and comorbid mental disorders based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Pain Medicine ◽

10.1093/pm/pnab102 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ludwig Ohse ◽

Ronald Burian ◽

Eric Hahn ◽

Hannah Burian ◽

Thi Minh Tam Ta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽

Psychological Flexibility ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Interdisciplinary Treatment ◽

Pain Acceptance ◽

Acceptance And Commitment ◽

Comorbid Mental Disorders

Abstract Objective Numerous studies support the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for chronic pain, yet little research has been conducted about its underlying mechanisms of change, especially regarding patients with comorbid mental disorders. The present investigation addressed this issue by examining associations of processes targeted by ACT (pain acceptance, mindfulness, psychological flexibility) and clinical outcomes (pain intensity, somatic symptoms, physical health, mental health, depression, general anxiety). Subjects Participants were 109 patients who attended an ACT-based interdisciplinary treatment program for chronic pain and comorbid mental disorders in a routine care psychiatric day hospital. Methods Pre- to post-treatment differences in processes and outcomes were examined with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and effect size r. Associations between changes in processes and changes in outcomes were analyzed with correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results Pre- to post-treatment effect sizes were mostly moderate to large (r between |0.21| and |0.62|). Associations between changes in processes and changes in outcomes were moderate to large for both, bivariate correlations (r between |0.30| and |0.54|) and shared variances accounting for all three processes combined (R2 between 0.21 and 0.29). Conclusion The present investigation suggests that changes in pain acceptance, mindfulness and psychological flexibility are meaningfully associated with changes in clinical outcomes. It provides evidence on particular process-outcome associations that had not been investigated in this way before. The focus on comorbid mental disorders informs clinicians about a population of chronic pain patients that often has a severe course of illness and has seldom been studied.

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