Slow Wave Activity Related to Working Memory Maintenance in the N-Back Task

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira Bailey ◽  
Gregory Mlynarczyk ◽  
Robert West
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Functional Neuroanatomy ◽  
Stimulus Interval ◽  
Back Task

Abstract. Working memory supports our ability to maintain goal-relevant information that guides cognition in the face of distraction or competing tasks. The N-back task has been widely used in cognitive neuroscience to examine the functional neuroanatomy of working memory. Fewer studies have capitalized on the temporal resolution of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to examine the time course of neural activity in the N-back task. The primary goal of the current study was to characterize slow wave activity observed in the response-to-stimulus interval in the N-back task that may be related to maintenance of information between trials in the task. In three experiments, we examined the effects of N-back load, interference, and response accuracy on the amplitude of the P3b following stimulus onset and slow wave activity elicited in the response-to-stimulus interval. Consistent with previous research, the amplitude of the P3b decreased as N-back load increased. Slow wave activity over the frontal and posterior regions of the scalp was sensitive to N-back load and was insensitive to interference or response accuracy. Together these findings lead to the suggestion that slow wave activity observed in the response-to-stimulus interval is related to the maintenance of information between trials in the 1-back task.

scholarly journals Local Increase of Sleep Slow Wave Activity after Three Weeks of Working Memory Training in Children and Adolescents

SLEEP ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Pugin ◽  
Andreas J. Metz ◽  
Martin Wolf ◽  
Peter Achermann ◽  
Oskar G. Jenni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Working Memory Training ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Local Increase

Sleep homeostasis in the rat: Simulation of the time course of EEG slow-wave activity

1991 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Franken ◽  
Irene Tobler ◽  
Alexander A. Borbély
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Sleep Homeostasis

scholarly journals 0321 Increased Slow-Wave Activity Predicts Slower Processing Speed in Toddlers

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A122-A122
Author(s):  
A E Waddle ◽  
S Kurth ◽  
J Harsh ◽  
J M Lassonde ◽  
D Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Slow-wave activity (SWA) shows an inverted U-shaped time course during development. Specifically, maximal SWA undergoes a posteroanterior shift from 2 to 20 years of age, which may reflect cortical maturation. Previously, we showed that greater slow sigma power during sleep predicted faster reaction time in preschool-aged children. To date, little is known about the relationship between SWA and processing speed (PS), a basic fundament underlying complex cognitive skills in early development. Methods This project examined the relationship between SWA and PS in 2.5-3.0-year-old children (n=26, 50% males) via home-based assessments. After a 5-day stabilization sleep schedule, a baseline sleep EEG recording was performed on participants at 4 electrode placements: Fz, Oz, C3, and C4. SWA EEG spectral power was quantified in the 0.75-4.5 Hz rangeduring the first 60 minutes of NREM sleep. PS was obtained as part of a standard cognitive assessment via a computer-based task one hour after waking from a midday nap. Results On average, reaction time (PS) was 2111 ± 08 ms and SWA was 856.4 ± 300.7 µV2/Hz. Increased SWA in the occipital region was predictive of a longer reaction time and therefore slower PS (r = 0.44, p = 0.03). This relationship showed differences between sexes, suggesting that females (r = 0.26, p = 0.07) may show a stronger association between SWA in the occipital brain region and PS than males (r = 0.09, p = 0.33). Conclusion Interestingly, these findings contradict our hypothesis based on previous data with older children indicating that greater SWA was associated with more advanced behavioral and cognitive skills. This discrepancy may reflect the stark individual differences present within this rapidly maturing age group. Support Research support from NIH R01-MH086566 to MKL.

Time course of focal slow wave activity in transient ischemic attacks and transient global amnesia as measured by magnetoencephalography

Neuroreport ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 3309-3313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Stippich ◽  
Jan Kassubek ◽  
Helmut Kober ◽  
Peter Sörös ◽  
Jürgen B. Vieth
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attacks ◽  
Global Amnesia

Time course of EEG slow-wave activity in pre-school children with sleep disordered breathing: A possible mechanism for daytime deficits?

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 999-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Biggs ◽  
Lisa M. Walter ◽  
Lauren C. Nisbet ◽  
Angela R. Jackman ◽  
Vicki Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
School Children ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Pathological slow-wave activity and impaired working memory binding in post-traumatic amnesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma-Jane Mallas ◽  
Nikos Gorgoraptis ◽  
Sophie Dautricourt ◽  
Yoni Pertzov ◽  
Gregory Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Traumatic Amnesia ◽  
Post Traumatic

The mechanism by which information is bound together in working memory is a central question for cognitive neuroscience. This binding is transiently disrupted during periods of post-traumatic amnesia following significant head injuries. The reason for this impairment is unclear but may be due to electrophysiological changes produced by head impacts. These are common and include pathological low frequency activity, which is associated with poorer neurological outcomes and may disrupt cortical communication. Here, we investigate associative memory binding during post-traumatic amnesia and test the hypothesis that misbinding is caused by a disruption in cortical communication produced by the pathological slowing of brain activity. Thirty acute moderate-severe traumatic brain injury patients (mean time since injury = 10 days) and 26 healthy controls were tested with a precision working memory paradigm that required the association of object and location information. A novel entropy ratio measure was calculated from behavioural performance. This provided a continuous measure of the degree of misbinding and the influence of distracting information. Resting state EEG was used to assess the electrophysiological effects of traumatic brain injury. Patients in post-traumatic amnesia showed abnormalities in working memory function and made significantly more misbinding errors than patients who were not in post-traumatic amnesia and controls. Patients showed a higher entropy ratio in the distribution of spatial responses, indicating that working memory recall was abnormally biased by the locations of non-target items suggesting a specific impairment of object and location binding. Slow wave activity was increased following traumatic brain injury. Increases in the delta-alpha ratio indicative of an increase in low frequency power specifically correlated with binding impairment in working memory. In contrast, although connectivity was increased in the theta band and decreased in the alpha band after traumatic brain injury, this did not correlate with working memory impairment. Working memory and electrophysiological abnormalities both normalised at six-month follow-up, in keeping with a transient increase in slow-wave activity causing post-traumatic amnesia that impaired working memory function. These results show that patients in post-traumatic amnesia show high rates of working memory misbinding that are associated with a pathological shift towards lower frequency oscillations.

Sa1640 NONINVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF SMALL BOWEL SLOW WAVE ACTIVITY IN NEONATES - A PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-364
Author(s):  
Suseela Somarajan ◽  
Nicole D. Muszynski ◽  
Aurelia s. Monk ◽  
Joseph D. Olson ◽  
Alexandra Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity ◽  
Noninvasive Measurement
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