Determination of the amount of water vapor entering the stratosphere based on Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) data

1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (D23) ◽  
pp. 30605-30607 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Dessler ◽  
H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Halogen Occultation Experiment

Determination of water content in municipal sludge by multiple headspace extraction gas chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 796-800
Author(s):  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Zhanbo Hu ◽  
Xin-Sheng Chai ◽  
Yukai Zheng ◽  
Binxin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Water Content ◽  
New Method ◽  
Municipal Sludge ◽  
Headspace Extraction ◽  
Multiple Headspace Extraction ◽  
Sample Vial

This paper reports a new method for the determination of sludge water content by a multiple headspace extraction gas chromatographic (MHE-GC) method. It is based on the water vapor signals in the sample vial from the first five extractions.

Simultaneous determination of Sm–Nd isotopes, trace-element compositions and U–Pb ages of titanite using a laser-ablation split-stream technique with the addition of water vapor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zhang ◽  
Jia-Lin Wu ◽  
Yanqiang Zhang ◽  
Ya-Nan Yang ◽  
Pengli He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Nd Isotopes ◽  
Trace Element Contents

Titanite is a widespread accessory nesosilicate with high trace-element contents including rare-earth elements, Th, and U, and is thus suitable for in situ isotopic and trace-element analyses and U–Pb dating....

scholarly journals Continuous low-maintenance CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O measurements at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) in Central Siberia

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1113-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Winderlich ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
C. Gerbig ◽  
T. Seifert ◽  
O. Kolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Air Sample ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Tall Tower

Abstract. To monitor the continental carbon cycle, a fully automated low maintenance measurement system is installed at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory in Central Siberia (ZOTTO, 60°48' N, 89°21' E) since April 2009. A cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzer continuously measures carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from six heights up to 301 m a.g.l. Buffer volumes in each air line remove short term CO2 and CH4 mixing ratio fluctuations associated with turbulence, and allow continuous, near-concurrent measurements from all tower levels. Instead of drying the air sample, the simultaneously measured water vapor is used to correct the dilution and pressure-broadening effects for the accurate determination of dry air CO2 and CH4 mixing ratios. The stability of the water vapor correction was demonstrated by repeated laboratory and field tests. The effect of molecular adsorption in the wet air lines was shown to be negligible. The low consumption of four calibration tanks that need recalibration only on decadal timescale further reduces maintenance. The measurement precision (accuracy) of 0.04 ppm (0.09 ppm) for CO2 and 0.3 ppb (1.5 ppb) for CH4 is compliant with the WMO recommendations. The data collected so far (until April 2010) reveals a seasonal cycle amplitude for CO2 of 30.4 ppm at the 301 m level.

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