The Eastern Atlantic Basin Pathway for the Export of the North Atlantic Deep Waters

Understanding the variability and drivers of air-sea CO2 fluxes on seasonal timescales is critical for resolving the ocean carbon sink's evolution and variability. Here, we investigate whether discrepancies in the representation of air-sea CO2 fluxes on a seasonal timescale accumulate to influence the representation of CO2 fluxes on an interannual timescale in two important ocean CO2 sink regions &#8211; the North Atlantic basin and the Southern Ocean. Using an observation-based product (SOM-FFN) as a reference, we investigate the representation of air-sea CO2 fluxes in the Max Planck Institute's Earth System Model Grand Ensemble (MPI-ESM GE). Additionally, we include a simulation based on the same model configuration, where observational data from the atmosphere and ocean components is assimilated (EnKF assimilation) to verify if the inclusion of observational data alters the model state significantly and if the updated modelled CO2 flux values better represent observations.We find agreement between all three observation-based and model products on an interannual timescale for the North Atlantic basin. However, the agreement on a seasonal timescale is inconsistent with discrepancies as large as 0.26 PgC/yr in boreal autumn in the North Atlantic. In the Southern Ocean, we find little agreement between the three products on an interannual basis with significant seasonal discrepancies as large as 1.71 PgC/yr in austral winter. However, while we identify regional patterns of dominating seasonal variability in MPI-GE and EnKF, we find that the SOM-FFN cannot demonstrate robust conclusions on the relevance of seasonal variability in the Southern Ocean. In turn, we cannot pin down the problems for this region.

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Cenozoic to Recent Volcanism In and Around the North Atlantic Basin

The Ocean Basins and Margins ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-3033-2_11 ◽

1974 ◽

pp. 391-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Arne Noe-Nygaard

Keyword(s):

North Atlantic ◽

Atlantic Basin ◽

North Atlantic Basin ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic ◽

Recent Volcanism

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Cretaceous Ostracoda of the North Atlantic Basin

Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy - Stratigraphic Micropaleontology of Atlantic Basin and Borderlands ◽

10.1016/s0920-5446(08)70355-8 ◽

1977 ◽

pp. 245-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

John W. Neale

Keyword(s):

North Atlantic ◽

Atlantic Basin ◽

North Atlantic Basin ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

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The CORA 5.2 dataset: global in-situ Temperature and Salinity measurements dataset. Data description and validation

10.5194/os-2018-144 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tanguy Szekely ◽

Jérôme Gourrion ◽

Sylvie Pouliquen ◽

Gilles Reverdin

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Objective Analysis ◽

Atlantic Basin ◽

Ocean Variability ◽

The North ◽

Error Bar ◽

The North Atlantic ◽

Delayed Time

Abstract. We present the Copernicus in-situ ocean dataset of temperature and salinity (version V5.2). The ocean subsurface sampling varied widely from 1950 to 2017, as a result of changes in the instrument technology and development of in-situ observational networks (in particular, tropical moorings, ARGO program). The global ocean temperature data coverage on an annual basis grows thus from 10 % in 1950 (30 % for the North Atlantic basin) to 25 % in 2000 (60 % for the North Atlantic basin) and reaches a plateau exceeding 80 % (95 % for the North Atlantic Ocean) after the deployment of the ARGO program. The average depth reached by the profiles also increases from 1950 to 2017. The validation framework is presented, and an objective analysis-based method is developed to assess the quality of the dataset validation process. Analyses of the ocean variability are calculated without taking into account the data quality flags (raw dataset OA), with the near real time quality flags (NRT dataset OA) and with the delayed time mode quality flags (CORA dataset OA). The comparison of the objective analysis variability shows that the near real time dataset managed to detect and to flag most of the large measurement errors, reducing the analysis error bar compared to the raw dataset error bar. It also shows that the ocean variability of the delayed time mode validated dataset is almost exempt from the random error induced variability.

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I.—On the Eastern Margin of the North Atlantic Basin

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756800142128 ◽

1899 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 97-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wilfrid H. Hudleston

Keyword(s):

North Atlantic ◽

Physical Geography ◽

Point Of View ◽

Atlantic Basin ◽

Eastern Margin ◽

North Atlantic Basin ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

In offering a few remarks on a subject which belongs, in the first instance, to the province of physical geography, it will be necessary forme to point out certain hydrographical details, whilst, endeavouring to deduce from these details conclusions having a geological bearing. Oceanography is almost a science in itself, especially if we regard it from a geological point of view, as something more than a mere description of water-spaces and soundings. Ever since the days when the deep oceans were first explored for the purpose of laying the telegraph cables some of the leading facts were made known, and have since become familiar to all students of physical geography.

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Persistent Atmospheric and Oceanic Anomalies in the North Atlantic from Summer 2009 to Summer 2010

Journal of Climate ◽

10.1175/2011jcli4213.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (22) ◽

pp. 5812-5830 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Zeng-Zhen Hu ◽

Arun Kumar ◽

Bohua Huang ◽

Yan Xue ◽

Wanqiu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Flux ◽

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Negative Phase ◽

Atlantic Basin ◽

Term Trend ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic ◽

Long Term Trend

Abstract In this work, the authors analyze the air–sea interaction processes associated with the persistent atmospheric and oceanic anomalies in the North Atlantic Ocean during summer 2009–summer 2010 with a record-breaking positive sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the hurricane Main Development Region (MDR) in the spring and summer of 2010. Contributions to the anomalies from the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and a long-term trend are identified. The warming in the tropical North Atlantic during summer 2009–summer 2010 represented a typical response to ENSO, preconditioned and amplified by the influence of a strong and persistent negative phase of the NAO. The long-term trends enhanced the warming in the high and low latitudes and weakened the cooling in the midlatitudes. The persistent negative phase of the NAO was associated with active thermodynamic air–sea interaction in the North Atlantic basin. Surface wind anomalies associated with the NAO altered the ocean surface heat flux and changed the SSTA, which was likely further enhanced by the positive wind speed–evaporation–SST feedback. The total heat flux was dominated by the latent and sensible heat fluxes, while the shortwave radiation contributed to the tropical SSTA to a lesser degree. Sensitivity experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model forced by observed SST in the Atlantic Ocean alone suggested that the Atlantic SSTA, which was partly forced by the NAO, had some positive contribution to the persistence of the negative phase of the NAO. Therefore, the persistent NAO condition is partly an outcome of the global climate anomalies and the ocean–atmosphere feedback within the Atlantic basin. The combination of the ENSO, NAO, and long-term trend resulted in the record-breaking positive SSTA in the MDR in the boreal spring and summer of 2010. On the basis of the statistical relationship, the SSTA pattern in the North Atlantic was reasonably well predicted by using the preceding ENSO and NAO as predictors.

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VI.—Mr. Hudleston “On the Eastern Margin of the North Atlantic Basin.”

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756800142864 ◽

1899 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 559-566

Author(s):

J. W. Spencer

Keyword(s):

Current Literature ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Atlantic Basin ◽

Eastern Margin ◽

North Atlantic Basin ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic ◽

Distant Region

The delay of several months, in replying to Mr. Hudleston's communication relative to the above-named subject, has been due to absence in the field in a distant region, where I was not in touch with the current literature.

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