Atmospheric Cold Pools and Their Influence on Sea Surface Temperature in the Bay of Bengal

Abstract. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) 2A25 reflectivity profiles data during the period 1998–2013 are used to study the differences in the vertical structure of precipitation and its variation with sea surface temperature (SST) over the Arabian Sea (AS) and the Bay of Bengal (BOB). Even though the AS and the BOB are parts of the Indian Ocean, they exhibit distinct features in vertical structure of precipitation and its variation with SST. The variation of reflectivity and precipitation echo top occurrence with SST is remarkable over the AS but trivial over the BOB. The median reflectivity increases with SST at all heights below 10 km altitude, but the increase is prominent below the freezing level height over the AS. On the other hand, irrespective of altitude, reflectivity profiles are same at all SSTs over the BOB. To understand these differences, variation of aerosols, cloud and water vapor with SST is studied over these seas. At SSTs less than 27 °C, the observed high aerosol optical depth (AOD) and low total column water vapor (TCWV) over the AS results in small Cloud effective radius (CER) values and low reflectivity. As SST increases AOD decreases and TCWV increases, which result in large CER and high reflectivity. Over the BOB the change in AOD, TCWV and CER with SST is marginal. Thus, the observed variations in reflectivity profiles seem to be present from the cloud formation stage itself over both the seas.

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Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly in the Bay of Bengal in 2010

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14797 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 77-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M Shamsad ◽

MA Farukh ◽

MJR Chowdhury ◽

SC Basak

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Bay Of Bengal ◽

Storm Surges ◽

Vital Role ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Ocean Atmosphere Interaction ◽

Atmosphere Interaction ◽

Sst Anomaly ◽

Gis Software

Bangladesh is one of the most disaster prone countries in the world and is a victim of frequent natural calamities like tropical cyclones, tornadoes, floods, storm surges and droughts. Sea surface temperature (SST) plays a vital role in determining ocean-atmosphere interaction. In this study we focused on understanding the behavior of SST anomaly prevailed in the region of Bay of Bengal mainly to assume the surface temperature signature for cyclone occurrence. For this study, the observed SST anomaly data were derived from NOAA Coast-watch using a combination of global and regional algorithms. The SST anomaly maps were produced using SAGA-GIS software where the SST lines were fixed at the mean of 30 years data. The AVHRR SST was compared with the climatological SST for the region of Bay of Bengal in 2010. The monthly SST anomaly for 2010 showed average departure of 0.7°C for all the months except June and October. It was found that the anomaly increases about 2°C at the end of September, and in October the basin bears no significant anomaly.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14797 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 77-80 2012

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Climate Change as Observed in the Bay of Bengal

Journal of Climate Change ◽

10.3233/jcc210020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 69-82

Author(s):

P.R. Rajalakshmi ◽

Hema Achyuthan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Ocean Acidification ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Level ◽

Bay Of Bengal ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Time Data

The Bay of Bengal covers a vast expanse of area, it being warmer, holds signatures of climate change. Its impact and the parameters have been studied in terms of rise in temperature, sea level change, increased rainfall, drought, heat waves, the intensity of tropical cyclones, ocean acidification and ocean productivity. In the last 45 years, sea surface temperature (SST) has risen by 0.2 to 0.3°C and is projected to rise further by 2.0 to 3.5°C by the end of this century. As a result, the sea level is expected to also rise 37 cm by 2050. The Bay of Bengal is witnessing an increase in the intensity of cyclones in the last two decades. Floods and droughts have increased over the years and are a growing threat to plant and animal life. Ocean acidification and increase in the sea surface temperature have made many fish species a major part of the coastal food chain vulnerable to its productivity. Hence, the collection of real time data and its continuous monitoring of the Bay of Bengal is essential to predict and project the future climate change to its accuracy both in space and time.

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