Organic carbon in marine atmospheric particulate matter: Concentration and particle size distribution

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva J. Hoffman ◽  
Robert A. Duce
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Matter Concentration

scholarly journals Characteristics and Potential Inhalation Exposure Risks of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals in Atmospheric Particulate Matter and Solid Fuel Combustion Particles in High Lung Cancer Incidence Area, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467
Author(s):  
Kai Xiao ◽  
Yichun Lin ◽  
Qingyue Wang ◽  
Senlin Lu ◽  
Weiqian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) were previously considered an unrecognized composition of air pollutants and might help explain the long-standing medical mystery of why non-smokers develop tobacco-related diseases such as lung cancer. However, there is no investigated on EPFRs in Xuanwei rural areas, especially in high prevalence of lung cancer areas. In this study, we selected six types of coal and three types of biomass in Xuanwei, then conducted simulated combustion, and six group of atmospheric particulate matters (APMs) to explore the content and particle size distribution pattern of EPFRs and a new health risk assessment method to evaluate the risk of EPFRs in PM for adults and children. Our results show that the contribution of EPFRs for biomass combustion, coal combustion and APMs were mainly distributed in the size range of <1.1 μm, which accounted for 76.15 ± 4.14%, 74.85 ± 10.76%, and 75.23 ± 8.18% of PM3.3. The mean g factors and ΔHp-p indicated that the EPFRs were mainly oxygen-centered radicals in PM in Xuanwei. The results suggest that the health risk of EPFRs is significantly increased when the particle size distribution of EPFRs is taken into account, and coal combustion particulate matter (174.70 ± 37.86 cigarettes for an adult, 66.39 ± 14.39 cigarettes per person per year for a child) is more hazardous to humans than biomass combustion particulate matter (69.41 ± 4.83 cigarettes for an adult, 26.37 ± 1.84 cigarettes per person per year for), followed by APMs (102.88 ± 39.99 cigarettes for an adult, 39.10 ±15.20 cigarettes per person per year for) in PM3.3. Our results provides a new perspective and evidence for revealing the reason for the high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China.

Characterization of the emission behavior of pulse-jet cleaned filters using a low-cost particulate matter sensor/Charakterisierung der Emission von druckstoßgereinigten Oberflächenfiltern mit einem Low-Cost-Feinstaubsensor

Gefahrstoffe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 443-450
Author(s):  
P. Bächler ◽  
J. Meyer ◽  
A. Dittler
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Particle Emission ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Emission Measurement ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration ◽  
Pulse Jet

The reduction of fine dust emissions with pulse-jet cleaned filters plays an important role in industrial gas cleaning to meet emission standards and protect the environment. The dust emission of technical facilities is typically measured “end of pipe”, so that no information about the local emission contribution of individual filter elements exists. Cheap and compact low-cost sensors for the detection of particulate matter (PM) concentrations, which have been prominently applied for immission monitoring in recent years have the potential for emission measurement of filters to improve process monitoring. This publication discusses the suitability of a low-cost PM-sensor, the model SPS30 from the manufacturer Sensirion, in terms of the potential for particle emission measurement of surface filters in a filter test rig based on DIN ISO 11057. A Promo® 2000 in combination with a Welas® 2100 sensor serves as the optical reference device for the evaluation of the detected PM2.5 concentration and particle size distribution of the emission measured by the low-cost sensor. The Sensirion sensor shows qualitatively similar results of the detected PM2.5 emission as the low-cost sensor SDS011 from the manufacturer Nova Fitness, which was investigated by Schwarz et al. in a former study. The typical emission peak after jet-pulse cleaning of the filter, due to the penetration of particles through the filter medium, is detected during Δp-controlled operation. The particle size distribution calculated from the size resolved number concentrations of the low-cost sensor yields a distinct distribution for three different employed filter media and qualitatively fits the size distribution detected by the Palas® reference. The emission of these three different types of filter media can be distinguished clearly by the measured PM2.5 concentration and the emitted mass per cycle and filter area, demonstrating the potential for PM emission monitoring by the low-cost PM-sensor. During the period of Δt-controlled filter aging, a decreasing emission, caused by an increasing amount of stored particles in the filter medium, is detected. Due to the reduced particle emission after filter aging, the specified maximum concentration of the low-cost sensor is not exceeded so that coincidence is unlikely to affect the measurement results of the sensor for all but the very first stage of filter life.

scholarly journals Particle Size Distribution of E-Cigarette Aerosols and the Relationship to Cambridge Filter Pad Collection Efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Alderman ◽  
Chen Song ◽  
Serban C. Moldoveanu ◽  
Stephen K. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Transmission Measurement ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Electrical Mobility ◽  
Total Particulate Matter

AbstractThe relatively volatile nature of the particulate matter fraction of e-cigarette aerosols presents an experimental challenge with regard to particle size distribution measure-ments. This is particularly true for instruments requiring a high degree of aerosol dilution. This was illustrated in a previous study, where average particle diameters in the 10-50 nm range were determined by a high-dilution, electrical mobility method. Total particulate matter (TPM) masses calculated based on those diameters were orders of magnitude smaller than gravimetrically determined TPM. This discrepancy was believed to result from almost complete particle evaporation at the dilution levels of the electrical mobility analysis. The same study described a spectral transmission measurement of e-cigarette particle size in an undiluted state, and reported particles from 210-380 nm count median diameter. Observed particle number concentrations were in the 10Described here is a study in which e-cigarette aerosols were collected on Cambridge filters with adsorbent traps placed downstream in an effort to capture any material passing through the filter. Amounts of glycerin, propylene glycol, nicotine, and water were quantified on the filter and downstream trap. Glycerin, propylene glycol, and nicotine were effciently captured (> 98%) by the upstream Cambridge filter, and a correlation was observed between filtration efficiency and the partial vapor pressure of each component. The present analysis was largely inconclusive with regard to filter efficiency and particle-vapor partitioning of water. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 26 (2014) 183-190]

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