Cranberry compound prevents antibiotic resistance in laboratory tests

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the reasonable use of antibiotics became an important issue of practical health care. This fact is accounted for by the heavy burden of COVID-19 on healthcare system, difficulties with interpreting respiratory disorders and verifying communityacquired pneumonia using instrumental and laboratory tests. Therefore, the risk of unnecessary prescription of antibiotics and, as a result, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance significantly increase. This paper addresses current ideas about the role of the most common causative agents of community-acquired pneumonia in children, the milestones of the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia, differential diagnosis of viral and bacterial pneumonia, the algorithms of the choice of basic antibacterial treatment in out-patient settings. The authors emphasize that only the use of limited antibiotic spectrum (i.e., amoxicillin, inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins), their rational dosing and course treatment recommended for community-acquired pneumonia will prevent the loss of antibacterial efficacy for infectious diseases. KEYWORDS: community-acquired pneumonia, children, SARS-CoV-2, antibiotic therapy, antibiotic resistance, inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins. FOR CITATION: Zaitseva S.V., Zaitseva O.V., Lokshina E.E. Diagnosis and antibacterial treatment for community-acquired pneumonia in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(1):70–76. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2021-4-1-70-76.

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Association of nanoparticles with extracellular genetic material and implications for the fate of antibiotic resistance genes in environmental systems

10.1021/scimeetings.0c07368 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nadrat Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽

Environmental Systems

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Critical limb ischaemia in diabetes: definition, assessment, prognosis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.30.s58.21 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement 58) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Luther

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Foot ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Critical Limb Ischaemia ◽

Limb Ischaemia ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Arterial Reconstruction ◽

Arterial Circulation ◽

Diabetic Foot Disease ◽

Foot Disease ◽

Fontaine Classification

In diabetic foot disease, critical limb ischaemia (CLI) cannot be precisely described using established definitions. For clinical use, the Fontaine classification complemented with any objective verification of a reduced arterial circulation is sufficient for decision making. For scientific purposes, objective measurement criteria should be reported. Assessment of CLI should rely on the physical examination of the limb arteries, complemented by laboratory tests like the shape of the PVR curve at ankle or toe levels, and arteriography. The prognosis of CLI in diabetic foot disease depends on the success of arterial reconstruction. The best prognosis for the patients is with a preserved limb. Reconstructive surgery is the best choice for the majority of patients.

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The Reliability of Retrieval-Induced Forgetting

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000040 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rosalind Potts ◽

Robin Law ◽

John F. Golding ◽

David Groome

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Recognition Test ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

The Other ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Test Items ◽

T1 And T2 ◽

Test Materials ◽

Induced Forgetting

Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) refers to the finding that the retrieval of an item from memory impairs the retrieval of related items. The extent to which this impairment is found in laboratory tests varies between individuals, and recent studies have reported an association between individual differences in the strength of the RIF effect and other cognitive and clinical factors. The present study investigated the reliability of these individual differences in the RIF effect. A RIF task was administered to the same individuals on two occasions (sessions T1 and T2), one week apart. For Experiments 1 and 2 the final retrieval test at each session made use of a category-cue procedure, whereas Experiment 3 employed category-plus-letter cues, and Experiment 4 used a recognition test. In Experiment 2 the same test items that were studied, practiced, and tested at T1 were also studied, practiced, and tested at T2, but for the remaining three experiments two different item sets were used at T1 and T2. A significant RIF effect was found in all four experiments. A significant correlation was found between RIF scores at T1 and T2 in Experiment 2, but for the other three experiments the correlations between RIF scores at T1 and T2 failed to reach significance. This study therefore failed to find clear evidence for reliable individual differences in RIF performance, except where the same test materials were used for both test sessions. These findings have important implications for studies involving individual differences in RIF performance.

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