The facilitation of long-term memory improvement and operative development.

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn S. Liben
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement

scholarly journals 0119 The Role of Aging and Working Memory in Emotional-Long Term Memory Formation

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A47-A47
Author(s):  
N Sattari ◽  
L Whitehurst ◽  
K Vinces ◽  
S Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement ◽  
Condition Interaction

Abstract Introduction It is widely accepted that “offline” processes during sleep contributes to memory. Working Memory (WM) capacity, which reflects “online” memory processing, is an important factor influencing cognitive functioning, which declines with age. In younger individuals, a positive association is reported between WM-capacity and declarative memory improvement. Methods We examined the relation between WM and long-term memory consolidation, among younger [N=105, 18-25yr] and older adults (N=119, 60-85yr). Subjects completed an OSPAN WM task, encoded a Word-Paired Association (WPA) task in the morning (Test1), and were tested on the WPA in the afternoon (Test2) after a 90-minute polysomnographically-recorded nap or wake. Half of the subjects were exposed to negatively valenced word-pairs (EWPA) while the other half were exposed to neutral word-pairs (NWPA). Subjects rated valence of the word-pairs at Test1 and Test2. We compared the four groups (young-EWPA, young-NWPA, old-EWPA and old-NWPA) on WM and WPA in both wake and sleep. Results In both wake and sleep, in the WPA, ageXword-condition interaction was found (p=.004). Post-hoc analysis revealed that in wake, younger-EWPA had higher performance (p=.03) than younger-NWPA, however, older-EWPA had lower performance (p=.03) than older-NWPA. Additionally, we found an ageXword-condition interaction whereby youngers showed no change in ratings, while older adults rated word-pairs more positively both in wake (p=.03) and sleep (p=.002) at Test 2. Youngers had higher WM performance (p=.007), also their WM performance was positively associated with WPA both for Neutral (p=.03) and Emotional (p=.01). WM and WPA among older adults was not related. In younger-EWPA, Stage2-sleep-minutes was positively associated to WPA improvement (p=.03) where this association was negative among older-EWPA (p=.02). In older-NWPA, Stage2-sleep-minutes was positively associated with WPA (p=.004). Conclusion Our findings indicate an association between WM and emotionally-salient memory formation that is modulated by age. Older adults, but not younger, showed the emotional bias previously reported. WM was higher in younger adults related to memory improvement. Stage2-sleep was related to memory improvement in both groups, but in opposite directions. In sum, the role of sleep in memory consolidation changes with aging and WM may play a role in this process. Support Fenn et al.,2012

Long-Term Memory Improvement?

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Maurer ◽  
Linda S. Siegel ◽  
Terri L. Lewis ◽  
Marianne W. Kristofferson ◽  
Rosemary A. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement

Long-Term Memory Improvement: Confirmation of a Finding by Piaget

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Altemeyer ◽  
Daniel Fulton ◽  
Kent M. Berney
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement

Angiotensin II (3–8) induces long-term memory improvement in the crab Chasmagnathus

1997 ◽  
Vol 226 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Delorenzi ◽  
Fernando Locatelli ◽  
Arturo Romano ◽  
Victor Nahmod ◽  
Héctor Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Improvement

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Comparison of Auditory, Language, Memory, and Attention Abilities in Children With and Without Listening Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-727
Author(s):  
Beula M. Magimairaj ◽  
Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽  
Alexander V. Sergeev ◽  
Natalie J. Benafield
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Objectives School-age children with and without parent-reported listening difficulties (LiD) were compared on auditory processing, language, memory, and attention abilities. The objective was to extend what is known so far in the literature about children with LiD by using multiple measures and selective novel measures across the above areas. Design Twenty-six children who were reported by their parents as having LiD and 26 age-matched typically developing children completed clinical tests of auditory processing and multiple measures of language, attention, and memory. All children had normal-range pure-tone hearing thresholds bilaterally. Group differences were examined. Results In addition to significantly poorer speech-perception-in-noise scores, children with LiD had reduced speed and accuracy of word retrieval from long-term memory, poorer short-term memory, sentence recall, and inferencing ability. Statistically significant group differences were of moderate effect size; however, standard test scores of children with LiD were not clinically poor. No statistically significant group differences were observed in attention, working memory capacity, vocabulary, and nonverbal IQ. Conclusions Mild signal-to-noise ratio loss, as reflected by the group mean of children with LiD, supported the children's functional listening problems. In addition, children's relative weakness in select areas of language performance, short-term memory, and long-term memory lexical retrieval speed and accuracy added to previous research on evidence-based areas that need to be evaluated in children with LiD who almost always have heterogenous profiles. Importantly, the functional difficulties faced by children with LiD in relation to their test results indicated, to some extent, that commonly used assessments may not be adequately capturing the children's listening challenges. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12808607

Retrieval from Memory or Procedural Strategies for Addition Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Fanget ◽  
Catherine Thevenot ◽  
Caroline Castel ◽  
Michel Fayol
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Simple Addition ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Addition Problem ◽  
Retrieval From Memory ◽  
Calculation Procedures

In this study, we used a paradigm recently developed ( Thevenot, Fanget, & Fayol, 2007 ) to determine whether 10-year-old children solve simple addition problems by retrieval of the answer from long-term memory or by calculation procedures. Our paradigm is unique in that it does not rely on reaction times or verbal reports, which are known to potentially bias the results, especially in children. Rather, it takes advantage of the fact that calculation procedures degrade the memory traces of the operands, so that it is more difficult to recognize them when they have been involved in the solution of an addition problem by calculation rather than by retrieval. The present study sharpens the current conclusions in the literature and shows that, when the sum of addition problems is up to 10, children mainly use retrieval, but when it is greater than 10, they mainly use calculation procedures.

The Acute Effect of Alcohol on Various Memory Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Molnár ◽  
Roland Boha ◽  
Balázs Czigler ◽  
Zsófia Anna Gaál
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Legal Consequences

This review surveys relevant and recent data of the pertinent literature regarding the acute effect of alcohol on various kinds of memory processes with special emphasis on working memory. The characteristics of different types of long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM) processes are summarized with an attempt to relate these to various structures in the brain. LTM is typically impaired by chronic alcohol intake but according to some data a single dose of ethanol may have long lasting effects if administered at a critically important age. The most commonly seen deleterious acute effect of alcohol to STM appears following large doses of ethanol in conditions of “binge drinking” causing the “blackout” phenomenon. However, with the application of various techniques and well-structured behavioral paradigms it is possible to detect, albeit occasionally, subtle changes of cognitive processes even as a result of a low dose of alcohol. These data may be important for the consideration of legal consequences of low-dose ethanol intake in conditions such as driving, etc.

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