Motivated information processing, strategic choice, and the quality of negotiated agreement.

2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten K. W. De Dreu ◽  
Bianca Beersma ◽  
Katherine Stroebe ◽  
Martin C. Euwema
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahia Alam

<p></p><p>Currently, there is a proliferation of studies examining group and team dynamics, as an increasing number of organizations are incorporating group and team-based structures. Extant literature has provided mixed findings regarding the influence of reward structures on various team outcomes. E.g., More rapid activity in teams has been found for competitive reward structure, with diminishing quality of work (Mailer, 1929). Which type of reward structure (competitive, cooperative or hybrid) has the best implication for team performance in organizations? This paper aims to address this question by incorporating the mechanism (i.e., epistemic and social motivation) and moderating variable (i.e., need for affiliation). Understanding the motivated information processing in groups model (MIP-G) and antecedents of team performance has important managerial implications. This moderator (i.e., need for affiliation) has not been examined in relation to all three types of reward structures in past studies. This paper hopes to extend the literature of reward structures and motivated information processing model by encompassing this new boundary condition. It is essential to incorporate novel contexts while examining relationships among variables as this approach further develops existing theories.</p><br><p></p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahia Alam

<p></p><p>Currently, there is a proliferation of studies examining group and team dynamics, as an increasing number of organizations are incorporating group and team-based structures. Extant literature has provided mixed findings regarding the influence of reward structures on various team outcomes. E.g., More rapid activity in teams has been found for competitive reward structure, with diminishing quality of work (Mailer, 1929). Which type of reward structure (competitive, cooperative or hybrid) has the best implication for team performance in organizations? This paper aims to address this question by incorporating the mechanism (i.e., epistemic and social motivation) and moderating variable (i.e., need for affiliation). Understanding the motivated information processing in groups model (MIP-G) and antecedents of team performance has important managerial implications. This moderator (i.e., need for affiliation) has not been examined in relation to all three types of reward structures in past studies. This paper hopes to extend the literature of reward structures and motivated information processing model by encompassing this new boundary condition. It is essential to incorporate novel contexts while examining relationships among variables as this approach further develops existing theories.</p><br><p></p>


Author(s):  
E.V. Egorova ◽  
A.N. Rybakov ◽  
M.H. Aksyaitov

Conducted studies of the phased implementation of neural network technologies in the practice of processing radar information, providing for a gradual increase in the level of neural network methods in processing systems, have shown that the use of neural network technologies can improve the quality of radar information processing in the most difficult conditions that require high computing power, when the dynamics of changes in external conditions is very is high and traditional approaches to the creation of processing systems are not able to provide the required level of efficiency. The need to develop theoretical provisions for neural network processing of radar information was revealed, while the main features of information processing in radars determine the relevance of research devoted to preventing the reduction in the quality of radar images in conditions of a large number of targets and a complex «jamming» environment based on the rational use of neural network technology. Analysis of the phased implementation of neural network technologies in radar information processing systems, as well as the use of neural network technology for processing radar information in terms of search and research, makes it possible to increase the efficiency of neural network methods for all processing tasks. Assessment of the required performance of computational tools allows us to single out the main neural network paradigms, the use of which gives a tangible increase in the efficiency of radar information processing, such as multilayer perceptron, Hopfield associative memory and self-organizing Kohonen network, while it is possible to rank the proposed methods in accordance with the required performance, undemanding to computing power and implemented on existing or promising computing facilities with software implementation of neural network paradigms. The analysis of possible directions for improving the quality of radar information processing does not claim to fully cover the entire multifaceted area of such studies. In this paper, only the most universal and widespread neural network paradigms are considered and the main part of possible areas of their application is analyzed. However, the proposed options show that the use of neural network technologies in critical tasks will improve the efficiency of radar information processing for complex, rapidly changing external conditions. The use of the principles of self-learning and the developed apparatus for the synthesis of neural network methods will reduce the duration and complexity of theoretical research, the conduct of which is a necessary and mandatory part of the traditional approach. In the course of further research, some of the proposed methods can be refined, as well as the emergence of new methods that make it possible to more fully use the advantages of neural network technology. Carrying out further research work in these areas will give a powerful stimulating impetus for the creation in the future of highly efficient methods for processing radar information, which can be implemented on the available element base.


2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M. Owens ◽  
Douglas R. Denney ◽  
Sharon G. Lynch

AbstractPrevious studies show that MS patients take longer than healthy controls to plan their solutions to Tower of London (TOL) problems but yield conflicting results regarding the quality of their solutions. The present study evaluated performance under untimed or timed conditions to assess the possibility that differences in planning ability only occur when restrictions in solution times are imposed. MS patients (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 43) completed a computerized version of the TOL under one of two conditions. In the untimed condition, participants were allowed as much time as needed on each problem. In the timed condition, limits were imposed on solution times and time remaining was displayed with each problem. Patients exhibited longer planning times than controls, and the disparity between groups increased with problem difficulty. Planning performance depended upon condition. In the untimed condition, patients and controls performed equally well. When solution times were restricted, however, patients solved fewer problems than controls. MS patients’ planning ability is intact when permitted sufficient time to formulate the required plan. Deficiencies in planning are only evident when time is restricted, and, therefore, are more accurately considered a relative consequence of disease-related problems in information processing speed. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–8)


2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bartkiewicz ◽  
W. Bautsch ◽  
A. Gerlach ◽  
M. Goldapp ◽  
R. Haux ◽  
...  

SummaryBackground: Health care network eHealth.Braunschweig has been started in the South-East region of Lower Saxony in Germany in 2009. It composes major health care players, participants from research institutions and important local industry partners.Objectives: The objective of this paper is firstly to describe the relevant regional characteristics and distinctions of the eHealth.Braunschweig health care network and to inform about the goals and structure of eHealth.Braunschweig; secondly to picture and discuss the main concepts and domain fields which are addressed in the health care network; and finally to discuss the architectural challenges of eHealth.Braunschweig regarding the addressed domain fields and defined requirements.Methods: Based on respective literature and former conducted projects we discuss the project structure and goals of eHealth.Braunschweig, depict major domain fields and requirements gained in workshops with participants and discuss the architectural challenges as well as the architectural approach of eHealth.Braunschweig network.Results: The regional healthcare network eHealth.Braunschweig has been established in April 2009. Since then the network has grown constantly and a sufficient progress in network activities has been achieved. The main domain fields have been specified in different workshops with network participants and an architectural realization approach for the transinstitutional information system architecture in the healthcare network has been developed. However, the effects on quality of information processing and quality of patient care have not been proved yet. Systematic evaluation studies have to be done in future in order to investigate the impact of information and communication technology on the quality of information processing and the quality of patient care.Conclusions: In general, the aspects described in this paper are expected to contribute to a systematic approach for the establishment of regional health care networks with lasting and sustainable effects on patient-centered health care in a regional context.


2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Paelecke ◽  
Yvonne Paelecke–Habermann ◽  
Peter Borkenau

Human information processing is influenced by the affective quality of pleasant and unpleasant stimuli. A widely known example is the emotional variant of the colour–naming Stroop task. Although participants are not instructed to attend to valence, it nevertheless influences response times. We studied how persons differ in ignoring the irrelevant valence of stimuli and how such differences are related to personality traits. In two emotional Stroop tasks using a vocal response mode, participants were instructed to name the colour of unpleasant and pleasant words presented in different physical colours. In Study 2, we introduced a second task to increase the cognitive load. Across both studies, extraversion and approach temperament were associated with higher interferences by pleasant words. Neuroticism and avoidance temperament, however, were associated with higher interferences by unpleasant words only when cognitive load increased because of a task switch. This finding suggests that highly neurotic individuals can mitigate influences of emotional stimuli on information processing under conditions of low cognitive load. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam N. Bechtoldt ◽  
Carsten K. W. De Dreu ◽  
Bernard A. Nijstad ◽  
Hoon-Seok Choi

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