Lesions of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and classical eyeblink conditioning under less-than-optimal stimulus conditions: Role of partial reinforcement and interstimulus interval.

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1075-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley L. Buchanan ◽  
James Penney ◽  
Dorie Tebbutt ◽  
D. A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Interstimulus Interval ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Mediodorsal Nucleus

Concurrent Electrodermal and Eyeblink Conditioning With Masked and Unmasked Stimuli

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
José Luis Marcos ◽  
Azahara Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Unconditioned Stimulus ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Noise Burst ◽  
Conditioning Phase ◽  
Contingency Awareness ◽  
Blank Screen ◽  
Neutral Face ◽  
Fearful Face

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine if contingency awareness between the conditioned (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) is necessary for concurrent electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning to masked stimuli. An angry woman’s face (CS+) and a fearful face (CS−) were presented for 23 milliseconds (ms) and followed by a neutral face as a mask. A 98 dB noise burst (US) was administered 477 ms after CS+ offset to elicit both electrodermal and eyeblink responses. For the unmasking conditioning a 176 ms blank screen was inserted between the CS and the mask. Contingency awareness was assessed using trial-by-trial ratings of US-expectancy in a post-conditioning phase. The results showed acquisition of differential electrodermal and eyeblink conditioning in aware, but not in unaware participants. Acquisition of differential eyeblink conditioning required more trials than electrodermal conditioning. These results provided strong evidence of the causal role of contingency awareness on differential eyeblink and electrodermal conditioning.

scholarly journals Hippocampal Interneurons are Required for Trace Eyeblink Conditioning in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Wei Zhang ◽  
Rong-Rong Li ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Jie Yan ◽  
Qian-Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Conditioned Eyeblink ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Sustained Activity ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Trace Eyeblink Conditioning

AbstractWhile the hippocampus has been implicated in supporting the association among time-separated events, the underlying cellular mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Here, we combined in vivo multi-channel recording and optogenetics to investigate the activity of hippocampal interneurons in freely-moving mice performing a trace eyeblink conditioning (tEBC) task. We found that the hippocampal interneurons exhibited conditioned stimulus (CS)-evoked sustained activity, which predicted the performance of conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) in the early acquisition of the tEBC. Consistent with this, greater proportions of hippocampal pyramidal cells showed CS-evoked decreased activity in the early acquisition of the tEBC. Moreover, optogenetic suppression of the sustained activity in hippocampal interneurons severely impaired acquisition of the tEBC. In contrast, suppression of the sustained activity of hippocampal interneurons had no effect on the performance of well-learned CRs. Our findings highlight the role of hippocampal interneurons in the tEBC, and point to a potential cellular mechanism subserving associative learning.

Classical eyeblink conditioning in adulthood: Effects of age and interstimulus interval on acquisition in the trace paradigm.

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Finkbiner ◽  
Diana S. Woodruff-Pak
Keyword(s):  
Interstimulus Interval ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning

scholarly journals On the role of responses in Pavlovian acquisition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Ghirlanda ◽  
Magnus Enquist
Keyword(s):  
Unconditioned Stimulus ◽  
Pavlovian Conditioning ◽  
Conditioned Response ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Key Pecking ◽  
Lever Pressing

A defining feature of Pavlovian conditioning is that the unconditioned stimulus (US) is delivered whether or not the animal performs a conditioned response (CR). This has lead to the question: Does CR performance play any role in learning? Between the 1930's and 1970's, a consensus emerged that CR acquisition is driven by CS-US experiences, and that CRs play a minimal role, if any. Here we revisit the question and present two new quantitative methods to evaluate whether CRs influence the course of learning. Our results suggest that CRs play an important role in Pavlovian acquisition, in such paradigms as rabbit eyeblink conditioning, pigeon autoshaped key pecking, and rat autoshaped lever pressing and magazine entry.

scholarly journals Infragranular barrel cortex activity is enhanced with learning

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1278-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah L. Ward ◽  
Luke C. Flores ◽  
John F. Disterhoft
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Sensory Cortex ◽  
Learning Criterion ◽  
Extracellular Recordings ◽  
Primary Sensory Cortex ◽  
Whisker Stimulation ◽  
Trace Eyeblink Conditioning

The barrel cortex (BC) is essential for the acquisition of whisker-signaled trace eyeblink conditioning and shows learning-related expansion of the trained barrels after the acquisition of a whisker-signaled task. Most previous research examining the role of the BC in learning has focused on anatomic changes in the layer IV representation of the cortical barrels. We studied single-unit extracellular recordings from individual neurons in layers V and VI of the BC as rabbits acquired the whisker-signaled trace eyeblink conditioning task. Neurons in layers V and VI in both conditioned and pseudoconditioned animals robustly responded to whisker stimulation, but neurons in conditioned animals showed a significant enhancement in responsiveness in concert with learning. Learning-related changes in firing rate occurred as early as the day of learning criterion within the infragranular layers of the primary sensory cortex.

The role of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits in the rat thalamic mediodorsal nucleus during central sensitization

2011 ◽  
Vol 1371 ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Kaneko ◽  
Tomoatsu Kaneko ◽  
Reika Kaneko ◽  
Uraiwan Chokechanachaisakul ◽  
Jun Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Sensitization ◽  
Mediodorsal Nucleus ◽  
Aspartate Receptor

scholarly journals Role of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Serial Feature-Positive Discrimination Task during Eyeblink Conditioning in Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0147572
Author(s):  
Md. Ashrafur Rahman ◽  
Norifumi Tanaka ◽  
Koji Usui ◽  
Shigenori Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Feature Positive

scholarly journals Reevaluating the Role of the Hippocampus in Delay Eyeblink Conditioning

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e71249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-yan Wu ◽  
Juan Yao ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Hui-ming Zhang ◽  
Yi-ding Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eyeblink Conditioning

scholarly journals Robust Reservoir Generation by Correlation-Based Learning

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tadashi Yamazaki ◽  
Shigeru Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Interstimulus Interval ◽  
Conditioned Response ◽  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Reservoir Computing ◽  
Input Stimulus ◽  
Connection Weight ◽  
Input Signals ◽  
Trace Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
New Framework

Reservoir computing (RC) is a new framework for neural computation. A reservoir is usually a recurrent neural network with fixed random connections. In this article, we propose an RC model in which the connections in the reservoir are modifiable. Specifically, we consider correlation-based learning (CBL), which modifies the connection weight between a given pair of neurons according to the correlation in their activities. We demonstrate that CBL enables the reservoir to reproduce almost the same spatiotemporal activity patterns in response to an identical input stimulus in the presence of noise. This result suggests that CBL enhances the robustness in the generation of the spatiotemporal activity pattern against noise in input signals. We apply our RC model to trace eyeblink conditioning. The reservoir bridged the gap of an interstimulus interval between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli, and a readout neuron was able to learn and express the timed conditioned response.

Time-limited role of the hippocampus in the memory for trace eyeblink conditioning in mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 951 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Takehara ◽  
Shigenori Kawahara ◽  
Kanako Takatsuki ◽  
Yutaka Kirino
Keyword(s):  
Eyeblink Conditioning ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Trace Eyeblink Conditioning
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