Supplemental Material for Parents’ Peer Restriction in the United States and China: A Longitudinal Study of Early Adolescents

As Chinese households are becoming smaller with increasing numbers of adult children and older parents living apart, the extent to which patterns of parental support reflect traditional gender dynamics is under debate. Integrating theories of sibling compensation with ceremonial giving, we tested whether helping non-coresident parents in China is affected by sibship size and how these patterns depend on own and sibling(s)’ gender using a sample of 4,359 non-coresident parent-child dyads nesting within 3,285 focal adult children from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2013. Opposite to patterns in the United States and Europe, we found substitutions of daughters with sons—having more brothers was associated with daughters’ reduced probabilities and hours of helping. Sons’ patterns of helping were independent of number of brothers and sisters in the family, consistent with the theory of ceremonial giving. These findings reflect the dominance of traditional family dynamics despite changes in family structure.

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Analysis of patterns of use, production, and activity in kid YouTuber channels. A longitudinal study through three cultural contexts: United States, United Kingdom, and Spain

Communications ◽

10.1515/commun-2020-0003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Esther Martínez-Pastor ◽

Ricardo Vizcaíno-Laorga ◽

David Atauri-Mezquida

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

The United States ◽

Cultural Contexts ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Patterns Of Use ◽

Number Of Visits ◽

Production Frequency

Abstract This paper analyzes the data collected about 5,388 videos from the 15 leading channels from Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States focusing on toys and in which the protagonists are children under 14 years of age (2011–2019). It aims to determine whether there are common patterns of use, production, and activity in videos by kid YouTubers. Specific software was developed to enable information to be gathered from the YouTube platform through the YouTube Data API by analyzing the date on which the video was published, length, number of visits, likes, dislikes, and visits/vote (visits/[likes+dislikes]). The main conclusions drawn are that a channel’s success is not dependent on a pattern or specific characteristics, although an impulse pattern has been detected; participation by children who consume content in the United States differs significantly from participation by those in Europe; and certain similarities based on video length and production frequency can be observed between channels.

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Arizona Reopening Phase 2: Rise and Fall of COVID-19 Cases

Medical & Clinical Research ◽

10.33140/mcr.06.023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Health Services ◽

The United States ◽

The State ◽

Acquired Immunity ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Department Of Health ◽

The World ◽

Data Source

Of the United States 50 states, Arizona is the sixth largest in size. It is about the same size as Italy. After three months of Arizona Reopening Phase 2, the COVID-19 cases had surged. In early January 2021, ABC and NBC News reported that Arizona has the highest new cases per capital in the world. This longitudinal study examined the Arizona’s Reopening Phase 2 surge in cases. The study examined the changes in the numbers of testing given, new COVID-19 cases, cases that required hospitalizations, deaths, and vaccines given. The data source used was from the Arizona Department of Health Services COVID-19 dashboard database. During the last third of seven-month study period, Arizona’s case numbers declined as the number of those infected recovered and acquired immunity and the state residents became fully vaccinated increased.

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