Family’s World in Mirror of Women’s Press in New Economic Policy’s Period

The transformation of the women’s press during the NEP period is examined in the article, attention is paid to the specifics of the functioning of family and household magazines for women, on the pages of which both the reforms and events of the Soviet era and pre-revolutionary values were reflected. The authors strive to identify the role that the “Magazine for Housewives” and “Women’s Magazine” played during the NEP period, supporting the family world in all its diverse social and spiritual manifestations; to clarify the ratio of traditional and innovative journalistic approaches in the formation of family and everyday media discourse. The results of a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the publications of the “Magazine for Housewives” and “Women’s Magazine” of the NEP period are presented in the article. The novelty of the research is seen in the analysis of the structural, thematic, functional features of women’s magazines of the NEP era. Special attention is paid to the author’s body, including the previously unexplored works of A. S. Voznesensky (real name — Brodsky), who signed his materials with the pseudonym “Ilya Rentz”. It is concluded that non-state women’s editions of family and household orientation appealed to the experience of pre-revolutionary journalism and, discussing the reform of everyday life and family, continued to write about traditional family values.

Seed Macro- And Micro-Morphology of Some Species Of Kickxia Dumort, Scrophularia L. And Plantago L. From Saudi Arabia

The seed macro- and micro-morphological characters of 13 species belonging to three genera; Kickxia Dumort, Scrophularia L. and Plantago L., collected from different localities of Saudi Arabia, were studied using a Stereomicroscope and Scanning Electron Microscope for evaluating their taxonomic relationships. Three macro-morphological characters of seeds were shape, size, and color while three diagnostic micromorphological characters were seed coat sculpture, the anticlinal and periclinal wall., The seed shape seems to be specific in Plantago L. (peltate, angled) than the two other genera while the color and seed size show little importance. The Plantago L. has a specific rugose sculpture while the other two genera have either tuberculate or alveolate. So Plantago L. was possessed no affinities to Kickxia Dumor or Scrophularia L.. This observation gives extra support to the earlier taxonomic views that suggested the retention of two genera in the traditional family Scrophulariaceae and maintaining Plantago L. in a separate monogeneric family Plantaginaceae Detailed analysis of seed characters of more species is needed to clarify the systematic relationships between the three genera. A key to the identification of studied species based on seed micro- and macro-morphological characters is provide. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(2): 385-393, 2021 (December)

The Role of the Deservingness Criteria in the case of Single Mothers’ Perceived Welfare Deservingness in Hungary

A growing number of studies investigate the relative importance of the major deservingness criteria (control, attitude, reciprocity, identity, need) in explaining the perceived welfare deservingness of different social groups. This paper addresses the roles of those criteria in predicting the perceived deservingness of a rarely examined group, single mothers. We conducted a survey in Hungary and compare the responses to direct questions about deservingness to the results of a vignette-based survey experiment in which the deservingness criteria were translated to characteristics of hypothetical mothers. Our results show that in the absence of deservingness cues (direct questions), respondents relied on the attitude, reciprocity/control, identity (measured by traditional family values), and need criteria to the same extent. On the other hand, in the presence of specific deservingness cues (vignette experiment), people disregarded their family values and stereotypes, and the perceived need became the strongest predictor of single mothers’ deservingness. These results support the existence of the deservingness heuristic, however, compared to previous literature that emphasized the role of perceived control and reciprocity of recipients, in the case of single mothers, the deservingness heuristic seems to direct people’s attention to the perception of need.

8050 議題之考量—由社會轉變及傳統家庭結構分析—

<p>日本因進入快速老化的社會，故浮現年長者須面對的社會問題，同時，因社會及經濟系統的去穩定作用，例如嚴厲失業環境或學校或工作場合與他人的增強競爭，開始有人因沒有對社會生活的適應能力而窩居家中、隔絕於社會，這些人被稱為繭居族。當他們退出社會且窩在家中愈久，年紀漸增也失去獲得自撐所需要的技能，因而造成 80 餘歲的父母要用其退休金去支撐其 50 餘歲的孩子，此稱為 8050 議題。</p> <p>社福組織及研究者主要論辯點在於快速轉變的社會如何形成繭居族以及其行為如何影響 8050 議題，然而，因該論點聚焦於社會快速轉變，而缺乏傳統家庭結構與價值如何影響 8050 議題的可能性，日本的家庭似乎仍保留傳統習俗，而這些習俗仍影響著家庭的思維與行為。</p> <p>基於以上背景，本論文將結合快速社會轉變及傳統家庭結構與價值兩個面向之概念，以釐清 8050 議題之機轉。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Since Japan has entered into super aging society, there have appeared social problems with which elderly people have faced. Simultaneously, because of destabilization of society and economic system such as tough employment environments or intensifying competition with others in schools or working places, there were people who isolated from society and kept staying home for long time due to maladaptive response to social life. These people are called as hikikomori. As they withdrew from society and stayed their houses longer and longer, they got aged and lost the opportunity to acquire skills necessary for their self-support. As a consequence, parents in their 80s who are receiving pensions need to support their children in their 50s. This issue is called as the 8050 issue. Social service organizations and researchers mainly argue how drastic social transformation produce hikikomori and how their behaviours influence toughness of the 8050 issue. However, because of the focus on the influence by drastic social transformation, their arguments would lack the prospects about how traditional family structure and value influence the 8050 issue. Japanese family seems to remain traditional custom and such custom still affects family’s thoughts and behaviours. Due to these backgrounds, this paper will clarify the mechanism of 8050 issue with combining both of theories of drastic social transformation and concepts about traditional family structure and value.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Family Law in the Context of a New Social Reality Formation: Doctrinal Principles of Law Enforcement

Improving the legal regulation of family relations involves the search and implementation of new social, organizational, legal and other measures to support the functioning of the traditional institution of the family. At the same time, family legislation does not always take into account modern trends in the life of society, which to a certain extent hinders the exercise and protection of family rights, as well as ensuring a fair balance of interests of participants in family and other relationships. In this sense, in some cases, higher courts react most effectively, taking into account even minor changes in social reality in a timely manner.The transformation of the family law in the context of changing social reality is based on two conceptual principles: firstly, the preservation of traditional family values of Russian society and, as a consequence, the reflection of such at the legislative level and in judicial practice, and secondly, legislative and law enforcement response to the latest social practices. These principles of transformation of family law complement each other, allowing us to take into account the public demands of various social groups.The main directions of the modern transformation of family law, reflected in judicial practice, include the following. First, the expansion of the sphere of family law regulation of public relations is due to the complexity of the system of social relations. Second, it is the expansion of the system of intersectoral relations of family law, caused by the complexity of the legal regulation of public relations in general. Its consequences are a shift in emphasis in ensuring a fair balance of interests of participants in family and other legal relations, the strengthening of civil law principles in the regulation of family relations, giving traditional family law institutions new optional properties and purpose, including the penetration of public legal goals in the private legal field of family life. Third, it is to ensure gender balance in family relations at the law enforcement level.

Defending the Traditional Polish Way of Life: The Role of Fantasies

Defending the Traditional Polish Way of Life: The Role of FantasiesThe current escalation of the cultural conflict in Poland is described as a cultural war between neo-traditionalist and liberal worldviews. Drawing on psychoanalytic political theory and Poststructuralist Discourse Theory (PDT), fantasmatic narratives are deemed as an instrument to conceal the non-necessary character of identities. Based on the direct observation of the counter-marches against LGBT parades in Kalisz, Lublin, and Kraków (2019–2020), this article shows how fantasies define the ‘authentic Polish way of life’: from the traditional family in an idyllic scenario (beatific fantasy) to the ‘LGBT virus’ (horrific fantasy), fantasies sustain a neo-traditionalist conception of Polishness and exclude antagonistic visions. Also, religious symbols are sublimated to embody the lost unity: a harmonious society without the conflict generated by the liberal value system. The fantasmatic logic analyzed in the article explains how neo-traditionalist fantasies strengthen identities and provide the necessary ideological ground to resist the emancipatory impetus of liberalism. Broniąc tradycyjnego polskiego stylu życia. Rola fantazjiAktualnie zaostrzający się konflikt kulturowy w Polsce określa się mianem wojny kulturowej między światopoglądem neotradycjonalistycznym a liberalnym. Odwołując się do psychoanalitycznej teorii politycznej i poststrukturalistycznej teorii dyskursu, autor uznaje fantazmatyczne narracje za narzędzie maskujące niekonieczny (non-necessary) charakter tożsamości. Na podstawie bezpośredniej obserwacji kontrmanifestacji organizowanych jako sprzeciw wobec marszów równości w Kaliszu, Lublinie i Krakowie (2019–2020) w artykule zaprezentowano, w jaki sposób fantazje definiują „prawdziwy polski styl życia”: poczynając od obrazu tradycyjnej rodziny w sielankowym otoczeniu (beatific fantasy), na „wirusie LGBT” (horrific fantasy) kończąc, fantazje podtrzymują neotradycjonalistyczną koncepcję polskości i wykluczają jej odmienne wizje. Z kolei symbole religijne zinstrumentalizowano tak, by ucieleśniały utraconą jedność – harmonijne społeczeństwo bez konfliktów wywoływanych przez liberalny system wartości. Fantazmatyczna logika analizowana w artykule pozwala wyjaśnić, jak neotradycjonalistyczne fantazje wzmacniają tożsamości i dostarczają niezbędnej podstawy ideologicznej, aby stawić opór emancypacyjnemu naporowi liberalizmu.

Historical thinking and family historians: Renovating the house of history

Family history research, as a multi-billion-dollar industry, is one of the most popular pastimes in the world with millions of enthusiasts worldwide. Anecdotally regarded by some in the academy as being non-traditional, family historians are changing the historiographic landscape through the proliferation and dissemination of their familial narratives across multiple media platforms. Learning to master the necessary research methodologies to undertake historical work is a pedagogic practice, but for many family historians this occurs on the fringe of formal education settings in an act of public pedagogy. As large producers of the past, there have been many important studies into the research practices of family historians, where family historians have been shown to draw upon the research methodologies of professional historians. Paradoxically, little attention has been paid to how these large producers of historical knowledge think historically. This paper reports on interview findings from a recent Australian study into the historical thinking of family historians. Drawing on Peter Seixas’ (2011) historical thinking concepts as a heuristic lens, this research finds that some family historians, despite being largely untrained in historical research methodologies (Shaw, 2018), display the theoretical nuances of the history discipline in (re)constructing and disseminating their familial pasts.

Informal Sperm Donation in Russia

Rising infertility across the globe has created a growing demand for assisted reproductive technologies (ART). In recent years, apart from sperm donation in formal settings such as fertility clinics, informal donation practices have emerged and spread across Russia. These reproductive donation practices have become possible due to the development of social networks and private online platforms. We conducted a pilot study (eleven semi-structured interviews) of the informal sperm donation in Russia and analyzed donor-recipient interactions, donors’ expectations and experiences of finding recipients online. We focus on donors' motivations and on the meanings, which donors invest in this practice that consumes significant resources on their part (medical tests and artificial insemination costs, travel and accommodation expenses, sometimes mutually agreed financial support of future offspring). We interpreted the practices that coalesced around informal donation from the perspective of symbolic interactionism, because it allowed us to showcase how actors reflected on and formulated the meanings of their actions in the absence of externally imposed rules (legal regulations, established moral conventions). Since informal donation practices do not fit into the traditional schemes of interpretation, such research requires the actors involved in informal donation either to create their own schemes or to modify the existing conceptual frames in creative ways. The study shows that informal donors do not only provide their genetic material but also spend time and invested considerable resources to ensure their procreation, including eventual financial support of the child. At the same time, these men are not interested in marital relations or paternal relations with their offspring. Thus, the informal sperm donors do not associate the parental project with traditional family and its values. We conclude that ART engendered a new phenomenon, which might be described as extramarital reproduction. Assisted reproduction outside marriage ­gains footing in Russia and requires more detailed further study.

Representation of the family in the YouTube channels of content-creator kids. A comparative analysis of Spain, the United States, and the United Kingdom

The aim of this study is to analyze the type of family represented on YouTube channels starring by children under 14 in Spain, the United States and the United Kingdom. A total of 450 videos from 15 channels have been randomly selected between the years 2016-2018 and a content analysis is applied. The results show that the media representation of family members continues to maintain the traditional family structure, cultural differences in how the family participates in the videos according to the country and the presence of the father or mother as a co-star.

An Investigation of Traditional Family Planning methods used by women in the Bamenda Municipality, Cameroon

Introduction: Women in most sub-Saharan countries bear children at younger ages, have larger families, and make much less use of family planning. Sub-Saharan Africa has the lowest rate of contraceptive use in the world. There are both modern and traditional methods of Family planning. Throughout history, the traditional family planning practices used to space children have been rich and varied. Purpose: This work sets out to investigate the diverse traditional family planning methods used by women in the Bamenda Municipality and the determinants of their choices. Methods: A mix of descriptive and exploratory research designs were used. The purposive sampling technique was used to identify 100, participants residing in Bamenda Municipality who were married/cohabiting, aged 21-49 years, and whose last child was ≤ 5 years old. The multinomial logit model, chi-square, frequencies, percentages, and charts were used for the analysis. An interview administered questionnaire was administered to women of childbearing age who were not on any modern contraceptive method. Findings: Results showed that the local family planning methods used by women in the Bamenda Municipality were; withdrawal, lactational, calendar, cervical mucus, and douches methods. Other locally used products presumed by these women to help prevent conception were; bicarbonate, honey, thyme, parsley, herbs, lemon, cola drink, alakata pepper, alcohol, hot water, salt, vinegar, and whisky. Results further showed that age, age at first marriage, number of children, and the fear of side effects all significantly influenced women’s choice of withdrawal and calendar method over other methods of family planning. Conclusion: It can be concluded that, the most frequently used traditional contraceptive method by women in the Bamenda Municipality are; calendar (70%), withdrawal (58%), and lactational method(45%) whose choices over other methods especially over modern methods was mostly due to the fear of side effects of the modern method. It is recommended further research be carried out to investigate and establish the efficacy of the common products used by these women.