Smoking rates highest among people with disabilities: Health disparities persist among people with disabilities

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
People With Disabilities

scholarly journals Inclusion of health care for people with disabilities in Brazilian undergraduate medical education

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior ◽  
Rafael Antônio Santana de Oliveira Freitas ◽  
Marcelo Pacheco Carvalho ◽  
Samantha Santos de Albuquerque Maranhão ◽  
Lilian Lira Lisboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Class I ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Sign Language ◽  
Official Data ◽  
School Curricula

Abstract: Introduction: In Brazil, official data estimate there are 45.6 million people with some type of disability and legislation establishes that medical schools should prepare future professionals for the essential care for people with disabilities (PWD). Health disparities faced by PWD are due, among other factors, to inadequate access to healthcare and poor training of professionals to deal with these situations. Objective: To identify the presence of aspects related to PWD healthcare in the curricula of medical courses in Brazil. Method: A documentary analysis of curricula and syllabuses was performed and included research in websites of 328 medical courses (42% public and 58% private) authorized by the Brazilian Ministry of Education. The Brazilian National Curricular Guidelines (NCG) were adopted as a theoretical framework (Brazil, 2014). The classification considered was: Class I - minimum attendance of the pedagogical project to the recommendations on care for PWD, due to the strict transcription of the NCG text and Class II - inclusion in the syllabus and programmatic content of the reference curricular components to the development of specifically related clinical skills to the health care of the PWD, including communication, clinical examination skills and ethical aspects. Results: Documents from 171 courses were available for analysis and the inclusion of aspects related to PWD healthcare was identified in 89 courses (52%). This inclusion was more prevalent in public courses (n=56; 62,9%) than in private ones. The inclusion of the teaching of the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) was observed In 50 courses (29.2%). The curricular contents were predominantly focused on the Class I (n=80;89,9%) with an absolute lack of description of the procedural strategies to promote the development of clinical competencies related to PWD care. Conclusion: Our study reinforces the need to improve this approach in medical school curricula since providers can play an essential role in mitigating health disparities faced by PWD through competent care. In the Brazilian context, our data point out to a dramatic situation consistent with the invisibility of PWD issues; a need for the development and implementation of PWD-specific educational curricula.

scholarly journals Recognizing and Responding to the Health Disparities of People with Disabilities

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Drum ◽  
Gloria Krahn ◽  
Carla Culley ◽  
Laura Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Status Disparities ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Secondary Conditions ◽  
Surgeon General ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Impact

Health status is critically important to experiencing quality of life, self-sufficiency, and full participation in society. For the 54 million Americans with disabilities, maintaining health and wellness is especially important to reduce the impact of impairment on functioning in these critical life areas. Yet, people with disabilities may be the largest underserved subpopulation demonstrating health status disparities that stem from preventable secondary conditions. Healthy People 2010, the nation’s blueprint for improved health, addresses this problem in its objectives. In 2002 and 2005, the U.S. Surgeon General asked for public health efforts to improve the health and wellness of persons with disabilities. This article examines the concepts of health and wellness, summarizes currently available information documenting disparities in health for people with disabilities, and provides a framework for policy recommendations to reduce health disparities among people with disabilities.

scholarly journals Sexual and Reproductive Health Disparities Experienced by People with Disabilities

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (SI) ◽  
pp. 68-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Nosek ◽  
Darrell K. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Care Providers

Disability has yet to achieve its proper place in the discussion of health disparities. Several major Federal initiatives to remove health disparities have only addressed disability as a consequence of poverty, low education levels, lack of access to health care, and other disparity factors, but fail to acknowledge people with disabilities as a health disparity population. Whereas policymakers and health disparities researchers regard disability as an indicator of reduced quality of life, rehabilitation researchers focus on maximizing health and quality of life in the context of disability. This article discusses the characteristics and possible causes of health disparities experienced by people with disabilities, illustrated with examples from sexuality and reproductive health. The authors offer six pathways for eliminating the health disparities faced by people with disabilities: 1) Include information about wellness in the context of disability in the education of physicians and other health care providers, 2) Offer empowerment opportunities to people with disabilities, 3) Promote compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, 4) Remove barriers to participation by people with disabilities in health research and education, 5) Acknowledge people with disabilities as a health disparities population and include their issues in national health care policy, and 6) Encourage media coverage of health issues for people with disabilities and the portrayal of successful, healthy people with disabilities in publicity related to all health topics.

The (In)Accessibility of YouTube Exercise Videos for Disabled Individuals During COVID-19: A Text Analytics Approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shevali M Kadakia ◽  
Yinfei Wu ◽  
Catherine SM Stratton ◽  
Josemari T Feliciano ◽  
Yetsa A Tuakli-Wosornu
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Text Analytics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Disease and mortality attributable to sedentariness disproportionately affects people with disabilities (PWD). It is unclear if this gap also exists online, and if the COVID-19 pandemic has affected it. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the amount of fitness content accessible to disabled persons, a cross-sectional text analysis of exercise-related keywords was searched on YouTube. METHODS Videos published between 01/01/2019 and 06/30/2019 (n=700) were compared to videos published between 01/01/2020 and 06/30/2020 (n=700). RESULTS The analysis reveals that terms applicable to PWD (‘Para,’ ‘Paralympic,’ ‘Adaptive,’ ‘Adapted,’ ‘Disabled,’ ‘Disability,’ ‘Differently-abled,’ ’Disability-friendly,’ ‘Wheelchair-accessible,’ and ‘Inclusive’) had minimal appearances in the 2019 and 2020 videos. Additionally, approximately 25% of videos in each year did not contain subtitles. Removing video duplicates that existed in two or more searches resulted in 1038 unique videos (508 in 2019, 530 in 2020). Video viewership significantly increased in 2020 with median view counts of 52,288 (IQR: 2,891-401,879) and 122,837 (IQR: 7,257-728,854) for 2019 and 2020, respectively (P = 0.0012). CONCLUSIONS While many YouTube exercise videos were published during the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of accessible videos remains diminutive. The need for disability-friendly fitness content remains urgent if health disparities associated with sedentariness are to improve.

Foreword: Envisioning Health Disparities

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Scott Burris
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities

Speech-Language Pathology in the Peace Corps: Necessity and Sustainability

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Peace Corps ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Language Pathology

In countries other than the United States, the study and practice of speech-language pathology is little known or nonexistent. Recognition of professionals in the field is minimal. Speech-language pathologists in countries where speech-language pathology is a widely recognized and respected profession often seek to share their expertise in places where little support is available for individuals with communication disorders. The Peace Corps offers a unique, long-term volunteer opportunity to people with a variety of backgrounds, including speech-language pathologists. Though Peace Corps programs do not specifically focus on speech-language pathology, many are easily adapted to the profession because they support populations of people with disabilities. This article describes how the needs of local children with communication disorders are readily addressed by a Special Education Peace Corps volunteer.

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