Alcohol Problems and Violence Against Women

Author(s):  
Williams R. Downs
Author(s):  
Arne Göring ◽  
Malte Jetzke ◽  
Sabrina Rudolph

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund und Ziel: Gegenüber dem Bevölkerungsdurchschnitt liegen die Prävalenzraten alkoholbezogener Störungen von Studierenden deutlich über dem Durchschnitt der nichtstudentischen Bevölkerung. Bislang existieren in Deutschland keine Studien zur Frage, welchen Einfluss sportliche Aktivitäten auf die Ausprägung alkoholbezogener Störungen bei Studierenden besitzen. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht diesen Zusammenhang bei Studierenden einer deutschen Volluniversität. Methodik: Im Rahmen einer repräsentativen Onlinestudie wurden 1383 Studierende einer deutschen Universität zu ihrem Alkoholkonsum, den damit verbundenen sozialen Folgen und ihren sportlichen Aktivitäten befragt. Als Instrument kam der 27 Items umfassende Young Adult Alcohol Problems Screening Test sowie ein Erhebungsverfahren zur Erfassung der habituellen sportlichen Aktivität zum Einsatz. Ergebnisse: Studierende, die regelmäßig und intensiv sportlich aktiv sind, weisen eine höhere Screeningrate für alkoholbezogene Störungen auf als Studierende, die gar nicht oder nur unregelmäßig aktiv sind. Dieser Zusammenhang gilt insbesondere für Mannschaftssportarten, aber auch für Fitnessaktivitäten. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse der Studie bestätigen amerikanische Forschungsbeiträge, die sportliche Aktivitäten bei Studierenden als einen Treiber für den Alkoholkonsum identifizieren. Sportorganisationen im Umfeld von Hochschulen sollten in der Alkoholprävention an Hochschulen zukünftig eine größere Berücksichtigung finden.


Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Gracia ◽  
Marisol Lila ◽  
Faraj A. Santirso

Abstract. Attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) are increasingly recognized as central to understanding of this major social and public health problem, and guide the development of more effective prevention efforts. However, to date this area of research is underdeveloped in western societies, and in particular in the EU. The present study aims to provide a systematic review of quantitative studies addressing attitudes toward IPVAW conducted in the EU. The review was conducted through Web of Science, PsychINFO, Medline, EMBASE, PUBMED, and the Cochrane Library, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. This review aimed to identify empirical studies conducted in the EU, published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2018, and analyzing attitudes toward IPVAW. A total of 62 of 176 eligible articles were selected according to inclusion criteria. Four sets of attitudes toward IPVAW were identified as the main focus of the studies: legitimation, acceptability, attitudes toward intervention, and perceived severity. Four main research themes regarding attitudes toward IPVAW emerged: correlates of attitudes, attitudes as predictors, validation of scales, and attitude change interventions. Although interest in this research area has been growing in recent years, the systematic review revealed important gaps in current knowledge on attitudes toward IPVAW in the EU that limits its potential to inform public policy. The review outlines directions for future study and suggests that to better inform policy making, these future research efforts would benefit from an EU-level perspective.


1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1386-1387
Author(s):  
Paul Block

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