Esther Duflo: Social experiments to fight poverty

2010 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Experiments

The Changing Role of Social Experiments in Policy Analysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Greenberg ◽  
Philip K. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
Changing Role

Rethinking Pullman

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Janice L. Reiff
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
South Side ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Town

For the residents of the former model town of Pullman, Illinois, 1994 was an important year. In May, 100 years earlier, a strike had broken out that pitted workers at the Pullman Car Works against George M. Pullman and the company that bore his name. Before the strike finally collapsed in August, it shutdown railroad traffic across much of America, brought federal troops into Chicago and cities as far away as Los Angeles, and led to the imprisonment of Eugene V. Debs, the president of the American Railway Union (ARU). It also brought to a close the long-standing debate on the most famous of the company’s social experiments: the model town located on Chicago’s far south side. Since 1880, George Pullman had trumpeted the architecturally and socially crafted town and life inside it as solutions for the problems of urban, industrial America, and large numbers of observers had concurred with that evaluation (Wright 1884; Smith 1995: 177–270; Reiff and Hirsch 1989: 104–6). For almost as long, its critics had excoriated the town as representing the worst excesses of a capitalist society where one man and his company could dominate every aspect of a worker’s life in their dual roles as landlord and employer (Ely 1885; Carwardine 1973 [1894]).

Evaluations of the Effects of Sweden's Spanking Ban on Physical Child Abuse Rates: A Literature Review

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Larzelere ◽  
Byron Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Physical Child Abuse ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
The Usa

Sweden's 1979 law banning corporal punishment by parents was welcomed by many as a needed policy to help reduce physical abuse of children. This study reviews the published empirical evidence relevant to that goal. Only seven journal articles with pertinent data were located. One study reported that the rate of physical child abuse was 49% higher in Sweden than in the USA, comparing its 1980 Swedish national survey with the average rates from two national surveys in the United States in 1975 and 1985. In contrast, a 1981 retrospective survey of university students suggested that the Swedish abuse rate had been 79% less than the American rate prior to the Swedish spanking ban. Some unpublished evidence suggests that Swedish rates of physical child abuse have remained high, although child abuse mortality rates have stayed low there. A recent Swedish report suggested that the spanking ban has made little change in problematic forms of physical punishment. The conclusion calls for more timely and rigorous evaluations of similar social experiments in the future.

Inappropriate Comparisons as a Basis for Policy: Two Recent Examples from the Social Experiments

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-399
Author(s):  
Gary Burtless ◽  
David Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Housing Allowance ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Statistical Adjustment ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
Program Effects ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Effort Reduction ◽  
Negative Income Tax

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the problem of inappropriate comparisons in evaluating social programs and the erroneous policy conclusions which can be derived from such comparisons. The paper examines two cases from the United States of America which fail to meet the criterion that comparison groups (if necessary after statistical adjustment) should be identical in all essential respects except in their exposure to the program. In the first of the two cases, involving the measurement of work-effort reduction in negative income tax (NIT) experiments, the inappropriate comparison was made in conducting a statistical analysis of program effects. In the second case, involving the analysis of changes in housing consumption in a housing allowance experiment, the statistical analysis of program effects appears valid, but the correctly measured program outcomes were themselves inappropriately used by policy-makers in drawing policy inferences. The conclusion draws out major lessons for policy analysis and policy-making.

scholarly journals socialist city

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (68) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Elena Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Times

The period of the “socialist project” occupied the biggest part of the 20th century. Hugescale social experiments have greatly shaped the present-day city’s appearance. The second half of the 20th century evidenced an unprecedented volume of housing and industrial technologies in house construction and design. Most of us, today’s citizens, live in the neighborhoods and houses built during the socialist era.Belgrade and Split, Sverdlovsk, Sevastopol, Magnitogorsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Khabarovsk, Odessa, Moscow – all the cities represented in this issue demonstrate the achievements of the period of the “socialist project”.Having defined the historical heritage as a phenomenon of the socio-economic development, the civil society of Irkutsk pointed out again the urgency of this issue. It also concerns other cities that respect their history. Without history, without heritage, there is no future. Including the heritage of the 20th century.We would like to devote the main topic of the issue to recollections of how residential neighborhoods were formed in socialist cities, what people and what processes defined that formation, in which cases the ideology influenced the appearance of cities, and in which cases cities grew and developed according to their internal regularities. The purpose is not only to pay our respect to wonderful masters, but also to learn the humanistic approaches to space arrangement from them again. It is a good thing in the times of domination of completely different goals related to making a quick profit. It is a good thing for all.

scholarly journals Indonesian people’s sarcasm culture: an ethnolinguistic research

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-179
Author(s):  
Syafruddin Syafruddin ◽  
Aziz Thaba ◽  
Abdul Rahman Rahim ◽  
Munirah Munirah ◽  
Syahruddin Syahruddin
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
South Sulawesi

This research investigates the semantic, pragmatic, and sociolinguistic aspects of the culture of Indonesian sarcasm, especially East Indonesia, namely South Sulawesi with an ethnolinguistic framework. Researchers collect sarcasm utterances and study the semantic aspects. Furthermore, the speech is used in a social experiment to obtain pragmatic data. Social experiments are carried out in two situations, namely the situation of friendship (close) and the situation free (situations not knowing each other). The utterance of sarcasm for Indonesians is a culture for expressing thoughts and feelings towards a particular problem, event, situation, or object (generally human). Indonesians use sarcasm in various emotional situations such as anger, disappointment, regret, even in joking situations. Semantically, Indonesian sarcasm has bad, insulting, or immoral meanings that can intimidate even hurt the feelings of others. So, pragmatically the use of sarcasm can lead to antipathy and even conflict. Self control is required to respond to sarcasm.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document