Relationship Between Cultural Exposure and Aptitude

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Droege ◽  
Karl F. Botterbusch ◽  
John A. Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Exposure

scholarly journals The Origins of Religious Disbelief: A Dual Inheritance Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062199400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will M. Gervais ◽  
Maxine B. Najle ◽  
Nava Caluori
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Religious Commitment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cognitive Reflection ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Cultural Exposure ◽  
Theories Of Religion ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Cultural Cues ◽  
Dual Inheritance

Widespread religious disbelief represents a key testing ground for theories of religion. We evaluated the predictions of three prominent theoretical approaches—secularization, cognitive byproduct, and dual inheritance—in a nationally representative (United States, N = 1,417) data set with preregistered analyses and found considerable support for the dual inheritance perspective. Of key predictors of religious disbelief, witnessing fewer credible cultural cues of religious commitment was the most potent, β = .28, followed distantly by reflective cognitive style, β = .13, and less advanced mentalizing, β = .05. Low cultural exposure predicted about 90% higher odds of atheism than did peak cognitive reflection, and cognitive reflection only predicted disbelief among those relatively low in cultural exposure to religion. This highlights the utility of considering both evolved intuitions and transmitted culture and emphasizes the dual roles of content- and context-biased social learning in the cultural transmission of disbelief (preprint https://psyarxiv.com/e29rt/ ).

scholarly journals The impact of cultural exposure and message framing on oral health behavior: Exploring the role of message memory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Brick
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Patient Decision Making ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Cultural Exposure ◽  
Patient Decision ◽  
Loss Frame ◽  
The Impact

Background. Health messages are more effective when framed to be congruent with recipient characteristics, and health practitioners can strategically decide on message features to promote adherence to recommended behaviors. We present exposure to United States (U.S.) culture as a moderator of the impact of gain- vs. loss-frame messages. Since U.S. culture emphasizes individualism and approach orientation, greater cultural exposure was expected to predict improved patient choices and memory for gain- framed messages, whereas individuals with less exposure to U.S. culture would show these advantages for loss-framed messages.Methods. 223 participants viewed a written oral health message in one of three randomized conditions: gain-frame, loss-frame, or no-message control, and were given ten flosses. Cultural exposure was measured with the proportions of life spent and parents born in the U.S. At baseline and one week later, participants completed recall tests and reported recent flossing behavior.Results. Improved patient decisions (increased flossing) and memory maintenance during the week were each predicted by congruent cultural exposure and message frame (e.g., low cultural exposure and loss frame). Incongruent messages led to the same flossing as no message. Memory retention did not explain the flossing effect.Limitations. Flossing behavior was self-reported. Cultural exposure may only have practical application in either highly individualistic or collectivistic countries. Conclusions. In healthcare settings where patients are urged to follow a behavior, asking basic demographic questions could allow medical practitioners to intentionally communicate in terms of gains or losses to improve patient decision making and adherence.

Education and Cultural Navigation for Children in Refugee Resettlement Contexts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Sung ◽  
Rachel Wahl
Keyword(s):  
School Context ◽  
Academic Experiences ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Cultural Exposure ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
National Environment ◽  
Complementary Nature

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), over half of the 25.4 million refugees worldwide are children under the age of 18. Given the instability and precariousness that displaced persons may experience, the provision of education for these children is of significant concern. Interaction between the culture of the host society and the cultures of immigrants, including experiences related to education, is a key aspect of transitioning to a new national environment. These interactions may be particularly salient for displaced populations, considering the particular circumstances and life trajectories that are characteristic of refugees and generally not shared by other immigrant groups. Empirical research on refugee children’s education in resettlement countries highlights the significance of acculturative processes for experiences and outcomes of schooling, as well as the importance of educational settings in facilitating cultural interaction—that is, the interlocking and complementary nature of acculturation and education. Education and cultural navigation are linked in significant ways, such that even as education facilitates the cultural exposure and integration of newcomer individuals to a receiving society, acculturation itself is associated with adaptation to the school context and academic experiences. In other words, educational and acculturative processes can facilitate and reinforce each other. Additional research that examines more specifically processes of cultural navigation by refugee children in particular can further illuminate the factors that shape their experience of education in resettlement contexts.

Demographic Index of Cultural Exposure

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick A. Cruz ◽  
Anna V. Wilkinson ◽  
Melissa L. Bondy ◽  
Laura M. Koehly
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Exposure

A structural model for destination travel intention as a media exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1338-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chulmo Koo ◽  
Youhee Joun ◽  
Heejeong Han ◽  
Namho Chung
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Exposure ◽  
The Media

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of a prospective traveler’s perception of media exposure on their intention to visit a destination (i.e. South Korea). Cultural exposure to a particular country through media affects people’s preference for that foreign country, and may ultimately be a function of the behavior for consuming that country’s cultural products – e.g. traveling to that country. Media exposure has been recognized as a major underlying reason for the desire to visit a destination. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the impacts of potential travelers’ media exposure in three different language-use groups (i.e. English, Japanese and Chinese) and their perception of the media exposure on their intention to visit the actual site (i.e. South Korea). To enhance the understanding of the intention to visit the destination, this study proposes a research model based on use and gratification theory and the belief–desire–intention model. Findings Mass and social media exposure had an effect on the intention to visit a destination as a result of the gratification and desire experienced through the content. Research limitations/implications This study suggests the synthesis of the use and gratification theory and the belief–desire–intention model and an examination of theoretical and practical implications. Originality/value This study involved a sample of users of destination marketing sites. In addition, this study investigated the users’ intentions to visit a real tourism destination taking into consideration mass media (traditional media) and social media (new media) based on the use of gratification theory and the belief–desire–intention model. Practically, the findings highlight the crucial role of social media in the intention to visit the tourism destination.

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