High sensitivity and specificity screening for clinically significant intimate partner violence.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) results in severe and chronic posttraumatic psychological symptoms, maladaptive trauma-related guilt (TRG) and functional impairment for many women. Cognitive Trauma Therapy (CTT) was developed to specifically address empirically identified contributors of distress and functioning difficulties specific to IPV and has been found to be efficacious in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and reducing TRG. The primary aim of this study was to investigate to what extent reductions in TRG contribute to improvements in PTSD and functioning, given evidence of the important role that TRG plays in posttraumatic distress in IPV survivors and the emphasis placed on TRG in CTT. Twenty women with IPV-related chronic and functionally impairing posttraumatic distress were recruited from the community and completed CTT as part of a larger neurobiological study of PTSD. Women experienced statistically and clinically significant improvements in functioning as well as expected reductions in PTSD and TRG with large effect sizes at post-treatment, and improvements were maintained at 3-month follow-up, with no participant meeting full PTSD criteria. Pre- to mid-treatment reductions in TRG predicted post-treatment PTSD and functioning outcomes. These findings support the efficacy of CTT and provide preliminary evidence for the importance of addressing TRG. Dismantling research is indicated to identify the active ingredient(s) of this multi-module treatment.

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Examining the Role of Antisocial Personality Disorder in Intimate Partner Violence Among Substance Use Disorder Treatment Seekers With Clinically Significant Trauma Histories

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/1077801215589377 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 958-974 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rita E. Dykstra ◽

Julie A. Schumacher ◽

Natalie Mota ◽

Scott F. Coffey

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Substance Use ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Disorder Treatment ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Treatment Seekers

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The sensitivity and specificity of four questions (HARK) to identify intimate partner violence: a diagnostic accuracy study in general practice

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/1471-2296-8-49 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Hardip Sohal ◽

Sandra Eldridge ◽

Gene Feder

Keyword(s):

General Practice ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy Study ◽

Accuracy Study

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Problem-Solving and Mental Health Outcomes of Women and Children in the Wake of Intimate Partner Violence

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2014/708198 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John Maddoux ◽

Lene Symes ◽

Judith McFarlane ◽

Anne Koci ◽

Heidi Gilroy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Problem Solving ◽

Environmental Stress ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Social Problem Solving ◽

Abused Women ◽

Problem Solving Skills ◽

Clinically Significant

The environmental stress of intimate partner violence is common and often results in mental health problems of depression, anxiety, and PTSD for women and behavioral dysfunctions for their children. Problem-solving skills can serve to mitigate or accentuate the environmental stress of violence and associated impact on mental health. To better understand the relationship between problem-solving skills and mental health of abused women with children, a cross-sectional predictive analysis of 285 abused women who used justice or shelter services was completed. The women were asked about social problem-solving, and mental health symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD as well as behavioral functioning of their children. Higher negative problem-solving scores were associated with significantlyP<0.001greater odds of having clinically significant levels of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and somatization for the woman and significantlyP<0.001greater odds of her child having borderline or clinically significant levels of both internalizing and externalizing behaviors. A predominately negative problem-solving approach was strongly associated with poorer outcomes for both mothers and children in the aftermath of the environmental stress of abuse. Interventions addressing problem-solving ability may be beneficial in increasing abused women’s abilities to navigate the daily stressors of life following abuse.

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Risk Factors for Clinically Significant Intimate Partner Violence Among Active-Duty Members

Journal of Marriage and Family ◽

10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00820.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 486-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Amy M. Smith Slep ◽

Heather M. Foran ◽

Richard E. Heyman ◽

Jeffery D. Snarr ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Active Duty ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Clinically Significant

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Mothers and Infants Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence Compensate

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00077 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 571-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nicole Letourneau ◽

Catherine Young Morris ◽

Loretta Secco ◽

Miriam Stewart ◽

Jean Hughes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Child Development ◽

Partner Violence ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Spillover Effects ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Child Relationship ◽

Mother Child Relationships ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Maternal Child

Reasons for the developmental variability in children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) are unclear and under studied. This article presents exploratory findings on (a) the potential impact of IPV on mother–child relationships and child development and (b) the association between these maternal–child relationship impacts and child development. The fit of findings with compensatory, spillover, and compartmentalization hypotheses was explored. Participants were 49 mothers and 51 children younger than 3 years of age affected by IPV. Data were collected on maternal–child interactions, child development, social support, difficult life circumstances, family functioning, child temperament, and parental depression. The findings suggested developmental impacts on children in the sample, along with children’s high sensitivity and responsiveness to their caregivers. Although some spillover effects were observed, the predominant observation was of mothers and infants compensating for exposure to IPV in their interactions.

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