Zinc Complex Salt Formation by Bilirubin and Mesobilirubin

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 195 (4844) ◽  
pp. 899-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
PÁDRAIG Ó CARRA
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Complex ◽  
Complex Salt ◽  
Salt Formation

scholarly journals A method for the estimation of iron in biological material

1930 ◽  
Vol 107 (750) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Picolinic Acid ◽  
Complex Salt ◽  
Optical Isomers ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pure Product ◽  
Complex Salts ◽  
Living Material ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ferrous Complex

The intense red colour and the stability of the product of reaction between ferrous salts and αα′ dipyridyl has remained a striking instance of complex salt formation since the discovery of this dipyridyl by Blau (1888). Although for obvious reasons this compound would seem a good reagent for the colorimetric estimation of iron, it has never been used to any extent for the purpose, without doubt because there are other more sensitive and accessible reagents. It seems, however, to possess unique advantages for the study of iron in connection with living material, and on its account it was thought advisable to bring αα′ dipyridyl, as a reagent for iron, to the notice of biologists. αα′ dipyridyl was first prepared by Blau (1888) by distilling the copper salt of α picolinic acid; the yield is small, but this method has the advantage of readily yielding a pure product. Recently Hein and Retter (1928) have found a relatively simple method of preparation by heating pyridine in a sealed tube with an oxidising agent such as ferric chloride, which removes hydrogen without the formation of water. This method though more economical needs greater manipulation to produce the substance in a state of purity. Smith (1926) isolated the same substance by the oxidation of sodium pyridines with dry air above 100° C. The ferrous complex salts were examined by Werner (1912) who showed that they could be resolved into two optical isomers. The ferrous salts of αα′ dipyridyl have the formula [Fe(C 10 H 8 N 3 ) 3 ]X 2 (Blau, 1898) where X is a monovalent acid radicle, and from the fact that the optical isomers do not racemize at once (Werner, 1912) dissociation into free ferrous salts must be relatively slight. They differ from the normal ferrous salts in not being eaily oxidised, in fact only powerful agents such as permanganate or chlorine oxidise them to a blue compound. This latter compound, which should be the ferric complex salt, is not obtained directly from ferric salts and αα′ dipyridyl and passes very easily into the red ferrous salt.

Research on a probabilistic assessment criterion of casing deformation in an incomplete borehole in deep salt formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-454
Author(s):  
Hua Tong ◽  
Daqiang Guo ◽  
Xiaohua Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Complex Salt ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Assessment Criterion ◽  
Safety Coefficient ◽  
Salt Creep ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Casing Deformation

Drilling and completing wells through complex salt formation is technically challenging and costing. Field data demonstrates that well casings designed by traditional safety coefficient criterion occurring failure in deep salt formation though their safety factors are greater than 1. To reveal the failure mechanism, a probabilistic computational model coupled with salt formation, defective cement and worn casing is established and analyzed using Monte Carlo simulation method. On the basis of reliability theory, the results calculated by 5000 times simulations show that the traditional safety coefficient criterion has been unable to adapt to the safety assessment of well casings under salt creep conditions. To gain a sophisticated evaluation, a new assessment criterion is established and applied to assess the security of well casings under salt creep conditions. This study provides a new perspective for revealing the failure mechanism and solutions of evaluation on well casings under salt creep conditions, which may be an alternative method to study and predict the life of well casings in deep complicated formation.

Controlled Growth and Characterization Ag/ZnO Nanotetrapods for Humidity Sensing

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
Babak Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Zinc Complex ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Separation System ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Sensor Material ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Aim and Objective: Ultrafine Ag/ZnO nanotetrapods (AZNTP) have been prepared successfully using silver (I)–bis (oxalato) zinc complex and 1, 3-diaminopropane (DAP) with a phase separation system, and have been injected into a diethyl/water solution. Materials and Methods: This crystal structure and lattice constant of the AZNTP obtained were investigated by means of a SEM, XRD, TEM and UV-vis spectrum. Results: The results of the present study demonstrated the growth and characterization AZNTP for humidity sensing and DAP plays a key role in the determination of particle morphology. AZNTP films with 23 nm in arm diameter have shown highly sensitive, quick response sensor material that works at room temperature.

Colorimetric recognition of melamine in milk using novel pincer zinc complex stabilized gold nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Bao ◽  
Jianhong Liu ◽  
Qingshu Zheng ◽  
Lixin Duan ◽  
Yuzhu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Zinc Complex

Structural Transformations of [CuEn3]WO4 Complex Salt in the Range 100–390 K and Its Degradation to [CuEn2](WO4)·2H2O

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1790-1798
Author(s):  
S. P. Khranenko ◽  
A. S. Sukhikh ◽  
V. Yu. Komarov ◽  
S. A. Gromilov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Salt ◽  
Structural Transformations

scholarly journals Challenges of Mechanochemistry: Is In Situ Real-Time Quantitative Phase Analysis Always Reliable? A Case Study of Organic Salt Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1700132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam A. L. Michalchuk ◽  
Ivan A. Tumanov ◽  
Sumit Konar ◽  
Simon A. J. Kimber ◽  
Colin R. Pulham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Organic Salt ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Quantitative Phase
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