Direct Enzymatic Synthesis of Penicillin G Using Cyclases of Penicillium chrysogenum and Acremonium chrysogenum

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Luengo ◽  
M. T. Alemany ◽  
F. Salto ◽  
F. Ramos ◽  
M. J. López-Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Acremonium Chrysogenum

scholarly journals Kloning Gen pcbC dari Penicillium chrysogenum ke dalam Plasmid pPICZA untuk Pengembangan Produksi Penisilin G

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Risma Wiharyani ◽  
Dudi Hardianto ◽  
Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum ◽  
Anto Budiharjo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Semisynthetic Penicillin ◽  
Plasmid Amplification ◽  
Blast Program ◽  
Important Enzyme

Availability of drugs in Indonesia is still limited by the high prices of drugs due to on the imported raw materials that reaches 95%. Developing antibiotic raw materials can be achieved by increasing of penicillin G production, which is the raw material for the formation of semisynthetic penicillin derivatives through the production of 6-aminopenisillanic acid (6-APA). One of the important enzyme in the penicillin G biosynthesis is Isopenisilin N Synthase (IPNS) that encodes by pcbC gene on Penicillium chrysogenum. This study aimed to obtain a recombinant of pcbC gene fragments that is inserted into pPICZA plasmid. Amplification of pcbC gene used pcbC-F and pcbC-R primers. The pcbC gene fragment was inserted into pPICZA vector and then transformed into TOP 10 F’. The results showed that the recombinant of the pcbC gene fragment from P. chrysogenum has been obtained. Analysis of DNA sequences using the BLAST program showed that the pcbC gene fragment has high homology (99%) with the  pcbC gene from P. chrysogenum Wisconsin 54-1255 and P. chrysogenum AS-P-78 which encodes IPNS   Keywords: pcbC Gene, Penicillium chrysogenum, cloning, penicillin G

A Method for Determination of Penicillin G Residue in Waste Penicillium chrysogenum Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Pu Wang ◽  
Hui Ling Liu ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Xiu Wen Cheng ◽  
Qing Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Oasis Hlb ◽  
Optimized Conditions

In this study, a rapid and selective method has been developed to determine PENG residues in waste penicillium chrysogenum by using SPE cleanup strategy followed by HPLC. Furthermore, some parameters which influenced the extraction efficiency including extraction mode, solvent and time, while washing solution and eluting solution for SPE were systematically investigated. It should be noted that the extraction process was carried out in a single step by mixing the extraction solvent acetonitrile: formic acid in aqueous solution and chrysogenum samples under ultrasound. The SPE procedure was conducted using Oasis HLB as the clean up cartridge, n-hexane as washing solution, and mixture of acetonitrile and methanol as eluting solution. Under the optimized conditions, the linear of PENG are in the range of 0.1-2000 μg/mL, with the correlation was R2>0.99. In addition, the recoveries of PENG in these samples at three fortification levels of 800-1800mg/kg were 74.98% to 113.47% are obtained, respectively. Moreover, a limits of detection (0.006 mg/kg) and quantification (0.02 mg/kg) could be achieved.

Efficient enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin by mutant Alcaligenes faecalis penicillin G acylase

2015 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senwen Deng ◽  
Erzheng Su ◽  
Xiaoqiang Ma ◽  
Shengli Yang ◽  
Dongzhi Wei
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Penicillin G Acylase ◽  
Penicillin G

scholarly journals Resolving Phenylalanine Metabolism Sheds Light on Natural Synthesis of Penicillin G in Penicillium chrysogenum

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-151
Author(s):  
Tânia Veiga ◽  
Daniel Solis-Escalante ◽  
Gabriele Romagnoli ◽  
Angela ten Pierick ◽  
Mark Hanemaaijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Phenylalanine Metabolism

scholarly journals Identification of the Main Regulator Responsible for Synthesis of the Typical Yellow Pigment Produced by Trichoderma reesei

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (20) ◽  
pp. 6247-6257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Derntl ◽  
Alice Rassinger ◽  
Ewald Srebotnik ◽  
Robert L. Mach ◽  
Astrid R. Mach-Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Yellow Pigment ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Acremonium Chrysogenum ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cluster A

ABSTRACTThe industrially used ascomyceteTrichoderma reeseisecretes a typical yellow pigment during cultivation, while otherTrichodermaspecies do not. A comparative genomic analysis suggested that a putative secondary metabolism cluster, containing two polyketide-synthase encoding genes, is responsible for the yellow pigment synthesis. This cluster is conserved in a set of rather distantly related fungi, includingAcremonium chrysogenumandPenicillium chrysogenum. In an attempt to silence the cluster inT. reesei, two genes of the cluster encoding transcription factors were individually deleted. For a complete genetic proof-of-function, the genes were reinserted into the genomes of the respective deletion strains. The deletion of the first transcription factor (termed yellow pigment regulator 1 [Ypr1]) resulted in the full abolishment of the yellow pigment formation and the expression of most genes of this cluster. A comparative high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of supernatants of theypr1deletion and its parent strain suggested the presence of several yellow compounds inT. reeseithat are all derived from the same cluster. A subsequent gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis strongly indicated the presence of sorbicillin in the major HPLC peak. The presence of the second transcription factor, termed yellow pigment regulator 2 (Ypr2), reduces the yellow pigment formation and the expression of most cluster genes, including the gene encoding the activator Ypr1.IMPORTANCETrichoderma reeseiis used for industry-scale production of carbohydrate-active enzymes. During growth, it secretes a typical yellow pigment. This is not favorable for industrial enzyme production because it makes the downstream process more complicated and thus increases operating costs. In this study, we demonstrate which regulators influence the synthesis of the yellow pigment. Based on these data, we also provide indication as to which genes are under the control of these regulators and are finally responsible for the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment. These genes are organized in a cluster that is also found in other industrially relevant fungi, such as the two antibiotic producersPenicillium chrysogenumandAcremonium chrysogenum. The targeted manipulation of a secondary metabolism cluster is an important option for any biotechnologically applied microorganism.

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