scholarly journals DNA end resection and its role in DNA replication and DSB repair choice in mammalian cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1705-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Wootae Kim ◽  
Jake A. Kloeber ◽  
Zhenkun Lou
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break Repair ◽  
General Process ◽  
Break Repair ◽  
Dna End Resection ◽  
End Resection

Abstract DNA end resection has a key role in double-strand break repair and DNA replication. Defective DNA end resection can cause malfunctions in DNA repair and replication, leading to greater genomic instability. DNA end resection is initiated by MRN-CtIP generating short, 3′-single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). This newly generated ssDNA is further elongated by multiple nucleases and DNA helicases, such as EXO1, DNA2, and BLM. Effective DNA end resection is essential for error-free homologous recombination DNA repair, the degradation of incorrectly replicated DNA and double-strand break repair choice. Because of its importance in DNA repair, DNA end resection is strictly regulated. Numerous mechanisms have been reported to regulate the initiation, extension, and termination of DNA end resection. Here, we review the general process of DNA end resection and its role in DNA replication and repair pathway choice.

scholarly journals The Effect of Atypical Nucleic Acids Structures in DNA Double Strand Break Repair: A Tale of R-loops and G-Quadruplexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Camarillo ◽  
Sonia Jimeno ◽  
Pablo Huertas
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Double Strand Break Repair ◽  
Dna Double Strand Breaks ◽  
Dna Double Strand Break ◽  
Break Repair ◽  
Dna End Resection ◽  
End Resection

The fine tuning of the DNA double strand break repair pathway choice relies on different regulatory layers that respond to environmental and local cues. Among them, the presence of non-canonical nucleic acids structures seems to create challenges for the repair of nearby DNA double strand breaks. In this review, we focus on the recently published effects of G-quadruplexes and R-loops on DNA end resection and homologous recombination. Finally, we hypothesized a connection between those two atypical DNA structures in inhibiting the DNA end resection step of HR.

scholarly journals Prolyl Isomerase PIN1 Regulates DNA Double-Strand Break Repair by Counteracting DNA End Resection

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Steger ◽  
Olga Murina ◽  
Daniela Hühn ◽  
Lorenza P. Ferretti ◽  
Reto Walser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break Repair ◽  
Prolyl Isomerase ◽  
Dna Double Strand Break ◽  
Break Repair ◽  
Dna End Resection ◽  
End Resection

scholarly journals Exo1 plays a major role in DNA end resection in humans and influences double-strand break repair and damage signaling decisions

DNA Repair ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomi Tomimatsu ◽  
Bipasha Mukherjee ◽  
Katherine Deland ◽  
Akihiro Kurimasa ◽  
Emma Bolderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break Repair ◽  
Break Repair ◽  
Dna End Resection ◽  
End Resection

scholarly journals Use of a Small Palindrome Genetic Marker to Investigate Mechanisms of Double-Strand-Break Repair in Mammalian Cells

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 1281-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julang Li ◽  
Mark D Baker
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break ◽  
Double Strand Break Repair ◽  
Chromosomal Markers ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Break Repair ◽  
The One

Abstract We examined mechanisms of mammalian homologous recombination using a gene targeting assay in which the vector-borne region of homology to the chromosome bore small palindrome insertions that frequently escape mismatch repair when encompassed within heteroduplex DNA (hDNA). Our assay permitted the product(s) of each independent recombination event to be recovered for molecular analysis. The results revealed the following: (i) vector-borne double-strand break (DSB) processing usually did not yield a large double-strand gap (DSG); (ii) in 43% of the recombinants, the results were consistent with crossover at or near the DSB; and (iii) in the remaining recombinants, hDNA was an intermediate. The sectored (mixed) genotypes observed in 38% of the recombinants provided direct evidence for involvement of hDNA, while indirect evidence was obtained from the patterns of mismatch repair (MMR). Individual hDNA tracts were either long or short and asymmetric or symmetric on the one side of the DSB examined. Clonal analysis of the sectored recombinants revealed how vector-borne and chromosomal markers were linked in each strand of individual hDNA intermediates. As expected, vector-borne and chromosomal markers usually resided on opposite strands. However, in one recombinant, they were linked on the same strand. The results are discussed with particular reference to the double-strand-break repair (DSBR) model of recombination.

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