Response to: “Letter to the Editor: Effect on splanchnic oxygenation of breast milk, fortified breast milk and formula milk in preterm infants”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Dani ◽  
Caterina Coviello ◽  
Simona Montano ◽  
Giulia Remaschi ◽  
Chiara Petrolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Splanchnic Oxygenation ◽  
Editor Effect

Effect on splanchnic oxygenation of breast milk, fortified breast milk, and formula milk in preterm infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Dani ◽  
Caterina Coviello ◽  
Simona Montano ◽  
Giulia Remaschi ◽  
Chiara Petrolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Splanchnic Oxygenation

scholarly journals Correction: Effect on splanchnic oxygenation of breast milk, fortified breast milk, and formula milk in preterm infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Dani ◽  
Caterina Coviello ◽  
Simona Montano ◽  
Giulia Remaschi ◽  
Chiara Petrolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Correction Effect ◽  
Splanchnic Oxygenation

scholarly journals Gastric emptying in preterm infants.

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. F24-F27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Ewer ◽  
G M Durbin ◽  
M E Morgan ◽  
I W Booth
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expressed Breast Milk ◽  
Maximum Increment

An ultrasonic technique was used to compare gastric emptying after a feed of expressed breast milk and formula milk in a blind, cross over study of preterm infants. Fourteen infants (median gestational age 33 weeks) were studied on 46 occasions. Each infant received a nasogastric feed of either expressed breast milk or formula milk, and the alternative at the next feed. Real time ultrasound images of the gastric antrum were obtained and measurements of antral cross sectional area (ACSA) were made before the feed and then sequentially after its completion until the ACSA returned to its prefeed value. The half emptying time (50% delta ACSA) was calculated as the time taken for the ACSA to decrease to half the maximum increment. On average, expressed breast milk emptied twice as fast as formula milk: mean 50% delta ACSA expressed breast milk 36 minutes; formula milk 72 minutes. The technique was reproducible and there was no significant difference between the emptying rates of feeds of the same type for an individual infant. These data show that breast milk has a major effect on gastric emptying, which may have important implications for preterm infants who have a feed intolerance due to delayed gastric emptying.

scholarly journals Letter to the Editor Re: Billeaud et al. Nutrients 2018, 10, 690

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Bernhard ◽  
Christian F. Poets ◽  
Axel R. Franz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Lipid Nutrition

Billeaud and co-authors recently described the effects of a new middle-chain fatty acid and docosahexaenoic acid enriched breast milk fortifier to improve preterm infants’ lipid nutrition [1] [...]

Across The “Sweetiest” Properties Of Human Breast Milk: Focus On Oligosaccharides

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Bardanzellu ◽  
Alessandra Reali ◽  
Maria Antonietta Marcialis ◽  
Vassilios Fanos
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Neonatal Nutrition ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Systemic Infections

Introduction: Breast Milk (BM), containing nutrients and bioactive components, represents the best source for neonatal nutrition and determines short- and long- term benefits. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an active role in these pathophysiological mechanisms. In fact; they influence the shaping of breastfed infant’s gut microbiota, promote intestinal development, confer protection against intestinal or systemic infections modulating immune system; moreover, HMOs determine extra-intestinal effects on several target organs, i.e reducing necrotizing enterocolitis rate or improving brain development. Aims: In this review, we analyze the great inter- and intra-individual variability of BM HMOs, investigating maternal, genetic and environmental factors modulating their composition. Moreover, we provide an update regarding HMOs’ unique properties, underlining their complex interaction with intestinal microbiota and host-derived metabolites. The possible HMOs’ influence on extra-intestinal bacterial communities, potentially influencing newborns’ and even lactating mothers’ health, have been hypothesized. Finally, recognized HMOs’ crucial role, we underline the promising opportunities showed by their addition in formula milk, useful to create dairy products more similar to maternal milk itself.

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