scholarly journals Neighborhood-level disparities and subway utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Carrión ◽  
Elena Colicino ◽  
Nicolo Foppa Pedretti ◽  
Kodi B. Arfer ◽  
Johnathan Rush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Related Mortality

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has yielded disproportionate impacts on communities of color in New York City (NYC). Researchers have noted that social disadvantage may result in limited capacity to socially distance, and consequent disparities. We investigate the association between neighborhood social disadvantage and the ability to socially distance, infections, and mortality in Spring 2020. We combine Census Bureau and NYC open data with SARS-CoV-2 testing data using supervised dimensionality-reduction with Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sums regression. The result is a ZIP code-level index with weighted social factors associated with infection risk. We find a positive association between neighborhood social disadvantage and infections, adjusting for the number of tests administered. Neighborhood disadvantage is also associated with a proxy of the capacity to socially isolate, NYC subway usage data. Finally, our index is associated with COVID-19-related mortality.

scholarly journals Assessing capacity to social distance and neighborhood-level health disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Carrión ◽  
Elena Colicino ◽  
Nicolo Foppa Pedretti ◽  
Kodi B. Arfer ◽  
Johnathan Rush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Related Mortality

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has yielded disproportionate impacts on communities of color in New York City (NYC). Researchers have noted that social disadvantage may result in limited capacity to socially distance, and consequent disparities. Here, we investigate the role of neighborhood social disadvantage on the ability to socially distance, infections, and mortality. We combine Census Bureau and NYC open data with SARS-CoV-2 testing data using supervised dimensionality-reduction with Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sums regression. The result is a ZIP code-level index with relative weights for social factors facilitating infection risk. We find a positive association between neighborhood social disadvantage and infections, adjusting for the number of tests administered. Neighborhood infection risk is also associated with capacity to socially isolate, as measured by NYC subway data. Finally, infection risk is associated with COVID-19-related mortality. These analyses support that differences in capacity to socially isolate is a credible pathway between disadvantage and COVID-19 disparities.

Hide and Seek: The Historian and Nineteenth-Century Social Accounting

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. DeBats
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
York City ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Social Accounting ◽  
The Law

The problem of census undercounts, a familiar political issue for modern groups or instrumentalities that consider themselves underrepresented in the Census Bureau statistics, has only recently attracted attention from historians. While the modern “miss rate” is potentially high among some groups (the reason for the emphasis on the homeless in the 1990 census), the general rate of underenumeration appears to have diminished in recent censuses. The bureau acknowledges a net undercount of 5.6% of the population in 1940; the error declined gradually to an estimated 1.4% in 1980 (Burnham 1986; Anderson 1988; Edmondson 1988).Nineteenth-century censuses no doubt contained more serious errors. Although he did not have underenumeration specifically in mind, the administrator for the 1870 census said that “the censuses of 1850, 1860, and of 1870 are loaded with bad statistics. There are statistics in the census of 1870,I am sorry to say, where some of the results are false to the extent of one-half. They had to be published then, because the law called for it; but I took the liberty of branding them as untrustworthy and in some cases giving the reasons therefore at some length” (quoted in Sharpless and Shortridge 1975: 411). Strikingly modern quarrels surrounded the accuracy of the 1840 Boston and New Orleans censuses, while the errors in the 1870 enumeration of New York City and Philadelphia were sufficient to cause recounts of both cities (ibid. ; Knights 1971: 145).

scholarly journals Intra-urban vulnerability to heat-related mortality in New York City, 1997–2006

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Klein Rosenthal ◽  
Patrick L. Kinney ◽  
Kristina B. Metzger
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Urban Vulnerability ◽  
Related Mortality

scholarly journals Trends in COVID-19 School Related Inquiries Using 311 New York City Open Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Eugene ◽  
Naomi Alpert ◽  
Wil Lieberman-Cribbin ◽  
Emanuela Taioli
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Open Data

Parking Conditions for Residential Delivery in New York City: A Case Study Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (9) ◽  
pp. 204-215
Author(s):  
Pierre Escand ◽  
Quanquan Chen ◽  
Alison Conway
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Postal Service ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Data Limitations

This study employed basic demand estimation, field observation, text analysis, and spatial analysis methods to examine the adequacy of the existing supply of commercial dedicated parking space in high-density areas of New York City to accommodate expected demand for direct-to-home deliveries. The study also examined the proximity of available commercial dedicated parking space to end delivery locations. The study estimated and mapped two performance metrics: (1) the share of on-street commercial dedicated parking demanded for expected U.S. Postal Service residential freight deliveries, and (2) the share of these package deliveries expected to occur within a reasonable walking distance of a commercial dedicated parking space. The study relies on a variety of open data sources and on limited field observations; owing to data limitations, and resulting assumptions for baseline analysis, sensitivity analysis was also conducted. Results suggest that there is currently both a spatial and temporal mismatch between the commercial dedicated parking supply and expected residential delivery demand, and that shifts toward express deliveries may exacerbate this mismatch. Future research needs are also discussed.

Death at an early age: AIDS and related mortality in New York City

2009 ◽  
pp. 161-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Wallace ◽  
Sandro Galea ◽  
Jennifer Ahern ◽  
Rodrick Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Related Mortality

scholarly journals Reductions in commuting mobility correlate with geographic differences in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in New York City

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Kissler ◽  
Nishant Kishore ◽  
Malavika Prabhu ◽  
Dena Goffman ◽  
Yaakov Beilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
York City ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Geographic Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract SARS-CoV-2-related mortality and hospitalizations differ substantially between New York City neighborhoods. Mitigation efforts require knowing the extent to which these disparities reflect differences in prevalence and understanding the associated drivers. Here, we report the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in New York City boroughs inferred using tests administered to 1,746 pregnant women hospitalized for delivery between March 22nd and May 3rd, 2020. We also assess the relationship between prevalence and commuting-style movements into and out of each borough. Prevalence ranged from 11.3% (95% credible interval [8.9%, 13.9%]) in Manhattan to 26.0% (15.3%, 38.9%) in South Queens, with an estimated city-wide prevalence of 15.6% (13.9%, 17.4%). Prevalence was lowest in boroughs with the greatest reductions in morning movements out of and evening movements into the borough (Pearson R = −0.88 [−0.52, −0.99]). Widespread testing is needed to further specify disparities in prevalence and assess the risk of future outbreaks.

Coffee Shops and Street Stops: Policing Practices in Gentrifying Neighborhoods

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayobami Laniyonu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
York City ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
Coffee Shops

This article presents an empirical analysis of the postindustrial policing hypothesis, which argues that as cities pursue growth strategies designed to appeal to members of the so-called “creative classes,” they increasingly adopt punitive policing strategies, such as order maintenance policing. While several studies offer some evidence for the hypothesis, no study has yet tested the most direct spatial implication of this hypothesis within cities: that areas of a city undergoing gentrification or revitalization will evince higher levels of postindustrial policing. In a series of spatial Durbin models that utilize newly available data sets from New York City, this article demonstrates a strong positive association between gentrification and postindustrial policing. The article also finds that citizen demand for postindustrial policing is only weakly associated with its spatial distribution. These results and their potential implications are discussed in the conclusion.

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