scholarly journals Connecting complex networks to nonadditive entropies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. de Oliveira ◽  
Samuraí Brito ◽  
L. R. da Silva ◽  
Constantino Tsallis
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Wide Class ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Nonlocal Effects ◽  
Geometric Problem ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Quasi Stationary State

AbstractBoltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics applies satisfactorily to a plethora of systems. It fails however for complex systems generically involving nonlocal space–time entanglement. Its generalization based on nonadditive q-entropies adequately handles a wide class of such systems. We show here that scale-invariant networks belong to this class. We numerically study a d-dimensional geographically located network with weighted links and exhibit its ‘energy’ distribution per site at its quasi-stationary state. Our results strongly suggest a correspondence between the random geometric problem and a class of thermal problems within the generalised thermostatistics. The Boltzmann–Gibbs exponential factor is generically substituted by its q-generalisation, and is recovered in the $$q=1$$ q = 1 limit when the nonlocal effects fade away. The present connection should cross-fertilise experiments in both research areas.

scholarly journals Thermal desorption of formamide and methylamine from graphite and amorphous water ice surfaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S350) ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
Henda Chaabouni ◽  
Stephan Diana ◽  
Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Interstellar Dust ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Desorption Energy ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Crystalline Water ◽  
Best Fit

AbstractThermal desorption experiments of Formamide (NH2CHO) and methylamine (CH3NH2) were performed in LERMA-Cergy laboratory to determine the values of the desorption energies of formamide and methylamine from analogues of interstellar dust grain surfaces, and to understand their interaction with water ice. We found that more than 95 % of solid NH2CHO diffuses through the np-ASW ice surface towards the graphitic substrate, and is released into the gas phase with a desorption energy distribution Edes = (7460 – 9380) K, measured with the best-fit pre-exponential factor A=1018 s-1. Whereas, the desorption energy distribution of methylamine from the np-ASW ice surface (Edes =3850-8420 K) is measured with the best-fit pre-exponential factor A=1012s-1. A fraction of solid methylamine, of about 0.15 monolayer diffuses through the water ice surface towards the HOPG substrate, and desorbs later, with higher binding energies (5050-8420 K), which exceed that of the crystalline water ice (Edes =4930 K), calculated with the same pre-exponential factor A=1012 s-1.

scholarly journals A New Interpretation of Vortex-Split Sudden Stratospheric Warmings in Terms of Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 3915-3936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Yasuda ◽  
Freddy Bouchet ◽  
Antoine Venaille
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Stationary State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Saddle Points ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Entropy Functional ◽  
Quasi Stationary State ◽  
Vortex Split

Abstract Vortex-split sudden stratospheric warmings (S-SSWs) are investigated by using the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, a spherical barotropic quasigeostrophic (QG) model, and equilibrium statistical mechanics. The statistical mechanics theory predicts a large-scale steady state as the most probable outcome of turbulent stirring, and such a state can be computed without describing all the details of the dynamics. The theory is applied to a disk domain that is modeled on the polar cap north of 45°N in the stratosphere. The equilibrium state is obtained by computing the maximum of an entropy functional. In the range of parameters relevant to the winter stratosphere, this state is anticyclonic. By contrast, cyclonic states are quasi-stationary states corresponding to saddle points of the entropy functional. These results indicate that the mean state of the stratosphere associated with the polar vortex is not close to an equilibrium state but to a quasi-stationary state. The theoretical calculations are compared with the results of a quasi-static experiment in which a wavenumber-2 topographic amplitude is increased linearly and slowly with time. The results suggest that the S-SSW can be qualitatively interpreted as the transition from the cyclonic quasi-stationary state toward the anticyclonic equilibrium state. The polar vortex splits during the transition toward the equilibrium state.

scholarly journals Uncovering structural, evolutionary and spreading-phenomena characteristics of complex networks and systems using statistical mechanics methods on real-world data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαρία Τσουχνικά
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Real World ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
World Data

Οι ερευνητικές και οικονομικές διεργασίες, καθώς και η ανάπτυξη καινοτομιών, αποτελούν τρία αλληλένδετα κοινωνικά πολύπλοκα συστήματα, τα οποία περιλαμβάνουν πολυποίκιλες ανθρώπινες σχέσεις. Τα κοινωνικά αυτά συστήματα βρίσκονται σε μία κατάσταση συνεχούς αλληλεπίδρασης και συνδιαμόρφωσης με την κοινωνία. Αφενός, οι διεργασίες αυτές ορίζονται εν πολλοίς από τις επικρατούσες κοινωνικές συνθήκες και τους κανονισμούς που οι κοινωνίες επιβάλλουν, αφετέρου, οι διεργασίες αυτές με τη σειρά τους επηρεάζουν και διαπλάθουν την καθημερινότητά μας και τις συνθήκες διαβίωσης. Κατά συνέπεια, το ενδιαφέρον μας γύρω από τη βελτιστοποίηση αυτών των διεργασιών είναι έκδηλο και αέναο. Η κατανόηση και ο εντοπισμός προβλημάτων, αλλά και επιτυχιών, των διεργασιών αυτών αποτελεί τη βάση της διαδικασίας βελτιστοποίησής τους. Στη διατριβή αυτή, αναλύονται τρία τέτοια αντιπροσωπευτικά συστήματα, ένα για κάθε τύπο αυτών των διεργασιών, μελετόντας τα αντίστοιχα παραγόμενα δίκτυα, χρησιμοποιώντας τεχνικές θεωρίας γράφων (δικτύων). Συγκεκριμένα, εφαρμόζονται μεθοδολογίες ανάλυσης της δομής και της εξέλιξης δικτύων, αλλά και φαινομένων διάδοσης πάνω σε αυτά. Στο κεφάλαιο 2 της διατριβής, εξετάζεται η δομή ενός δικτύου που αφορά στην έρευνα· το δίκτυο των ερευνητικών συνεργασιών που αποτυπώνονται στις ερευνητικές προτάσεις που έχουν υποβληθεί στο 7ο Πρόγραμμα – Πλαίσιο (7ο ΠΠ), Ευρωπαϊκό πρόγραμμα χρηματοδοτησης της έρευνας. Στο κεφάλαιο 3, η διατριβή πραγματεύεται ένα σύστημα οικονομικών διεργασιών. Ειδικότερα, μελετώνται οι συνθήκες διάδοσης μίας οικονομικής κρίσης στο παγκόσμιο δίκτυο των πόλεων και των μεταξύ τους οικονομικών αλληλεπιδράσεων, οι οποίες αλληλεπιδράσεις αντανακλώνται στα δεδομένα ιδιοκτησιακών σχέσεων εταιρειών που βρίσκονται εντός των πόλεων του δικτύου. Τέλος, στο κεφάλαιο 4, εξετάζεται ένα σύστημα διεργασιών ανάπτυξης καινοτομιών και συγκεκριμένα μελετώνται τα χαρακτηριστικά της χρονικής εξέλιξης του δικτύου των συνεργασιών που αναπτύσονται στα πλαίσια δημιουργίας καινοτομιών, οι οποίες συνεργασίες αντικατοπτρίζονται στα τα δεδομένα των πατεντών που έχουν υποβληθεί στο Ευρωπαϊκό Γραφείο Διπλωμάτων Ευρεσιτεχνίας (ΕΓΔΕ).

scholarly journals A Direct Method for the Analyticity of the Pressure for Certain Classical Unbounded Models

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assane Lo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Thermodynamic Limit ◽  
Wide Class ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Direct Proof ◽  
New Formula ◽  
A Direct Method

The goal of this paper is to provide estimates leading to a direct proof of the analyticity of the pressure for certain classical unbounded models. We use our new formula (Lo, 2007) to establish the analyticity of the pressure in the thermodynamic limit for a wide class of classical unbounded models in statistical mechanics.

scholarly journals Some Implications of a Scale Invariant Model of Statistical Mechanics to Boltzmann versus Shannon Entropy in Thermodynamics and Information Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Siavash H. Sohrab
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Statistical Mechanics ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Shannon Entropy ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Invariant Model ◽  
Shannon's Entropy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Third Law

A scale invariant model of statistical mechanics is applied for a comparative study of Boltzmann’s entropy in thermodynamics versus Shannon’s entropy in information theory. The implications of the model to the objective versus subjective aspects of entropy as well as Nernst-Planck statement of the third law of thermodynamics are also discussed

On the importance of reaction networks for synthetic living systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver R. Maguire ◽  
Wilhelm T.S. Huck
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Reaction Networks ◽  
Complex Behaviour ◽  
Synthetic Cell ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
In Vitro Systems

The goal of creating a synthetic cell necessitates the development of reaction networks which will underlie all of its behaviours. Recent developments in in vitro systems, based upon both DNA and enzymes, have created networks capable of a range of behaviours e.g. information processing, adaptation and diffusive signalling. These networks are based upon reaction motifs that when combined together produce more complex behaviour. We highlight why it is inevitable that networks, based on enzymes or enzyme-like catalysts, will be required for the construction of a synthetic cell. We outline several of the challenges, including (a) timing, (b) regulation and (c) energy distribution, that must be overcome in order to transition from the simple networks we have today to much more complex networks capable of a variety of behaviours and which could find application one day within a synthetic cell.

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