scholarly journals Maternal vaccination with a type-III glycoconjugate protects mouse neonates against Group B Streptococcus intranasal infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Chiarot ◽  
Eleonora Naimo ◽  
Alessia Corrado ◽  
Patrizia Giannetti ◽  
Immaculada Margarit Y. Ros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Vaccine Formulation ◽  
Maternal Vaccination ◽  
Mucosal Tissues ◽  
Glycoconjugate Vaccines ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Glycoconjugate Vaccine ◽  
Group B ◽  
Human Mucosa

AbstractGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is generally an asymptomatic colonizer of human mucosa but it occasionally infects pregnant women and neonates through vertical transmission, causing disease during the first weeks of life with frequent and severe complications. Preclinical studies have shown that maternal vaccination with polysaccharide-based vaccines protects mothers and offspring from GBS mucosal colonization and consecutive infection. In these models, bacteria were inoculated in mouse either intravaginally in the last trimester of pregnancy or systemically in pups. Here, we investigated whether maternal vaccination with glycoconjugate vaccines may also prevent GBS-mediated colonization and disease in neonates using an infection route that more closely mimics inhalation or ingestion of bacteria during human delivery. To address this point, mice aged less than two days were intranasally challenged with epidemiologically relevant GBS strains. Bacteria were found to colonize nose and intestine, reaching in some cases lungs and blood during the first days of life. Bacteria were also found in vagina of a fraction of colonized female mice within the first month of life. GBS-specific IgG induced by maternal vaccination with a glycoconjugate vaccine formulation were found in blood and mucosal tissues of newborns. Finally, when intranasally challenged with GBS serotype III strains, pups delivered by vaccinated mothers were partially protected against mucosal colonization and deeper infection.

scholarly journals GBS type III oligosaccharides containing a minimal protective epitope can be turned into effective vaccines by multivalent presentation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Carboni ◽  
F Angiolini ◽  
M Fabbrini ◽  
B Brogioni ◽  
A Corrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Native Structure ◽  
Protective Response ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Protective Epitope ◽  
Glycoconjugate Vaccines ◽  
Synthetic Oligosaccharides ◽  
Group B

Abstract Recent structural studies demonstrated that the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody representative of the protective response against the type III Group B Streptococcus polysaccharide was comprised within two of the repeating units that constitute the full-length native structure. Here we took advantage of this discovery to design a novel vaccine based on multivalent presentation of the identified minimal epitope on a carrier protein. We show that highly glycosylated short oligosaccharide conjugates elicit functional immune responses comparable to the full-length native polysaccharide. The obtained results pave the way to the design of well-defined glycoconjugate vaccines based on short synthetic oligosaccharides.

scholarly journals The Italian arm of the PREPARE study: an international project to evaluate and license a maternal vaccine against group B streptococcus

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Berardi ◽  
◽  
Tiziana Cassetti ◽  
Roberta Creti ◽  
Caterina Vocale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
International Project ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Maternal Vaccination ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis in infants, with long term neurodevelopmental sequelae. GBS may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, stillbirth and preterm birth. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is currently the only way to prevent early-onset disease (presenting at 0 to 6 days of life), although it has no impact on the disease presenting over 6 days of life and its implementation is challenging in resource poor countries. A maternal vaccine against GBS could reduce all GBS manifestations as well as improve pregnancy outcomes, even in low-income countries. Main body The term “PREPARE” designates an international project aimed at developing a maternal vaccination platform to test vaccines against neonatal GBS infections by maternal immunization. It is a non-profit, multi-center, interventional and experimental study (promoted by the St George University of London. [UK]) with the aim of developing a maternal vaccination platform, determining pregnancy outcomes, and defining the extent of GBS infections in children and mothers in Africa. PREPARE also aims to estimate the protective serocorrelates against the main GBS serotypes that cause diseases in Europe and Africa and to conduct two trials on candidate GBS vaccines. PREPARE consists of 6 work packages. In four European countries (Italy, UK, Netherlands, France) the recruitment of cases and controls will start in 2020 and will end in 2022. The Italian PREPARE network includes 41 centers. The Italian network aims to collect: GBS isolates from infants with invasive disease, maternal and neonatal sera (cases); cord sera and GBS strains from colonized mothers whose infants do not develop GBS infection (controls). Short conclusion PREPARE will contribute information on protective serocorrelates against the main GBS serotypes that cause diseases in Europe and Africa. The vaccine that will be tested by the PREPARE study could be an effective strategy to prevent GBS disease.

scholarly journals Group B Streptococcus Type III Glycoconjugate Vaccines.

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (17) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence C. Paoletti ◽  
Michael R. Wessels ◽  
Francis Michon ◽  
Harold J. Jennings ◽  
Dennis L. Kasper
Keyword(s):  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Glycoconjugate Vaccines ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Functional activity of maternal and cord antibodies elicited by an investigational group B Streptococcus trivalent glycoconjugate vaccine in pregnant women

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Fabbrini ◽  
Fabio Rigat ◽  
Giovanna Tuscano ◽  
Emiliano Chiarot ◽  
Gilbert Donders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Glycoconjugate Vaccine ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals The Impact of Circulating Antibody on Group B Streptococcus Intestinal Colonization and Invasive Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. e00348-20
Author(s):  
Michelle J. Vaz ◽  
Sheryl A. Purrier ◽  
Maryam Bonakdar ◽  
Anna B. Chamby ◽  
Adam J. Ratner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Maternal Vaccination ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTGastrointestinal (GI) colonization with group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important precursor to late-onset (LO) disease in infants. The host-pathogen interactions that mediate progression to invasive disease remain unknown due, in part, to a paucity of robust model systems. Passively acquired maternal GBS-specific antibodies protect newborns from early-onset disease, yet their impact on GI colonization and LO disease is unexplored. Using murine models of both perinatal and postnatal GBS acquisition, we assessed the kinetics of GBS GI colonization, progression to invasive disease, and the role of GBS-specific IgG production in exposed offspring and juvenile mice at age 12 and 14 days, respectively. We defined LO disease as >7 days of life in the perinatal model. We studied the impact of maternal immunization using a whole-cell GBS vaccine on the duration of intestinal colonization and progression to invasive disease after postnatal GBS exposure in offspring. Animals exhibit sustained GI colonization following both perinatal and postnatal exposure to GBS, with 21% and 27%, respectively, developing invasive disease. Intestinal colonization with GBS induces an endogenous IgG response within 20 days of exposure. Maternal vaccination with whole-cell GBS induces production of GBS-specific IgG in dams that is vertically transmitted to their offspring but does not decrease the duration of GBS intestinal colonization or reduce LO mortality following postnatal GBS exposure. Both perinatal and postnatal murine models of GBS acquisition closely recapitulate the human disease state, in which GBS colonizes the intestine and causes LO disease. We demonstrate both endogenous production of anti-GBS IgG in juvenile mice and vertical transfer of antibodies to offspring following maternal vaccination. These models serve as a platform to study critical host-pathogen interactions that mediate LO GBS disease.

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