scholarly journals Direct pesticide exposure of insects in nature conservation areas in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten A. Brühl ◽  
Nikita Bakanov ◽  
Sebastian Köthe ◽  
Lisa Eichler ◽  
Martin Sorg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Pesticides Residues

AbstractIn Germany, the decline of insect biomass was observed in nature conservation areas in agricultural landscapes. One of the main causal factors discussed is the use of synthetic pesticides in conventional agriculture. In a Germany-wide field study, we collected flying insects using Malaise traps in nature conservation areas adjacent to agricultural land. We used a multi-component chemical trace element analysis to detect 92 common agricultural pesticides in ethanol from insect traps sampled in May and August 2020. In total, residues of 47 current use pesticides were detected, and insect samples were on average contaminated with 16.7 pesticides. Residues of the herbicides metolachlor-S, prosulfocarb and terbuthylazine, and the fungicides azoxystrobin and fluopyram were recorded at all sites. The neonicotinoid thiacloprid was detected in 16 of 21 nature conservation areas, most likely due to final use before an EU-wide ban. A change in residue mixture composition was noticeable due to higher herbicide use in spring and increasing fungicide applications in summer. The number of substances of recorded residues is related to the proportion of agricultural production area in a radius of 2000 m. Therefore, a drastic pesticide reduction in large buffers around nature conservation areas is necessary to avoid contamination of their insect fauna.

scholarly journals Turning old foes into new allies – harnessing drainage canals for biodiversity conservation in desiccated novel ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Tölgyesi ◽  
Attila Torma ◽  
Zoltán Bátori ◽  
Jelena Šeat ◽  
Miloš Popović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Novel Ecosystems ◽  
List Type ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Drainage Canals

AbstractDrainage canals are ubiquitous components of agricultural landscapes worldwide. Although canals have greatly contributed to biodiversity loss by desiccating wetlands, they have recently attracted conservation attention due to their potential to function as refugia for native wetland-dependent species in intensively managed landscapes. However, their conservation role in complex landscapes comprising a mosaic of agricultural and desiccated semi-natural habitats, on which canals still pose a heavy burden, is unknown. Improved understanding of drainage canals and related biodiversity in these landscapes could help unlock their potential and support synergistic land management for nature conservation and water management.We applied a multitaxon approach, including plants, butterflies, true bugs, spiders and birds, to (1) assess the conservation value of drainage canals in a heavily drained European lowland region, (2) to test landscape-level and local canal parameters for aiding prioritization among canal types, and (3) to propose a reconciliation-based management framework that suits the interest of all stakeholders.We found that drainage canals concentrate more species across most taxa than adjacent semi-natural habitats, owing to the micro-environmental heterogeneity and the comparatively low management intensity in the canals. The species-concentrating capacity is particularly high in canals that traverse semi-natural habitats, although agricultural canals also support remarkable species diversity. However, agricultural canals are important dispersal corridors for invasive plants, which may negatively affect native species. Canal size has little effect on biodiversity but habitat stress is an important determinant. The higher the stress (due to sandiness and salinity), the higher is the added value of canals to landscape-wide biodiversity.Synthesis and applicationsWe provide evidence that drainage canals can harbour surprisingly high levels of biodiversity and should therefore be recognized as important novel ecosystems with high conservation value, even within semi-natural habitats. Canals have previously been considered detrimental to nature conservation due to their association with loss of wetlands. However, by reducing water loss with reversible obstructions, controlling invasive species and applying specific conservation measures, they may be turned into conservation allies without compromising long-term interests of water management and agricultural land use.

An improved interference correction for trace element analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1646-1647
Author(s):  
John J. Donovan ◽  
Donald A. Snyder ◽  
Mark L. Rivers
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Simple Expression ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Characteristic Line ◽  
Analytical Line ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Calculated Concentration ◽  
X Ray

We present a simple expression for the quantitative treatment of interference corrections in x-ray analysis. WDS electron probe analysis of standard reference materials illustrate the success of the technique.For the analytical line of wavelength λ of any element A which lies near or on any characteristic line of another element B, the observed x-ray counts at We use to denote x-ray counts excited by element i in matrix j (u=unknown; s=analytical standard; ŝ=interference standard) at the wavelength of the analytical line of A, λA (Fig. 1). Quantitative analysis of A requires an accurate estimate of These counts can be estimated from the ZAF calculated concentration of B in the unknown C,Bu measured counts at λA in an interference standard of known concentration of B (and containing no A), and ZAF correction parameters for the matrices of both the unknown and the interference standard at It can be shown that:

Reconstructing sea turtle ontogenetic habitat shifts through trace element analysis of bone tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 608 ◽  
pp. 247-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Ramirez ◽  
JA Miller ◽  
E Parks ◽  
L Avens ◽  
LR Goshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts

Method of Detecting Trace Metal Contamination in Thick-Film SOI Device

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Goto ◽  
Hiroomi Eguchi ◽  
Masaru Iida
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Semiconductor Device ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Trace Metal Contamination ◽  
Trace Metal Elements ◽  
Output Characteristics

Abstract In the automotive IC using thick-film silicon on insulator (SOI) semiconductor device, if the gettering capability of a SOI wafer is inadequate, electrical characteristics degradation by metal contamination arises and the yield falls. At this time, an automotive IC was made experimentally for evaluation of the gettering capability as one of the purposes. In this IC, one of the output characteristics varied from the standard, therefore failure analysis was performed, which found trace metal elements as one of the causes. By making full use of 3D perspective, it is possible to fabricate a site-specific sample into 0.1 micrometre in thickness without missing a failure point that has very minute quantities of contaminant in a semiconductor device. Using energy dispersive X-ray, it is possible to detect trace metal contamination at levels 1E12 atoms per sq cm. that are conventionally detected only by trace element analysis.

Trace Element Analysis of Fusel Oil by Microwave-Induced Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Araujo Goncalves ◽  
Tina McSweeney ◽  
Mirian Cristina dos Santos ◽  
Marco A. Utrera Martines ◽  
Luiz Francisco Malmonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Fusel Oil ◽  
Microwave Induced Plasma ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

Conflicts caused by afforestations of agricultural land in densely populated areas

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust ◽  
B. Muys
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View

In  densely populated areas, such as Flanders, serious conflicts arise due to the  afforestation of agricultural lands. Roughly speaking, three sectors are  involved: agriculture, forestry and nature conservation. These groups do not  always share the same points of view. But even within the different sectors  there are several subgroups with their own interests and approaches.  Generally speaking, agriculture is strongly opposed, forestry has a  relatively diversified meaning, whereas nature conservation is either opposed  or in favour, depending on the region's biological value.     The policy in this matter is not forest friendly. Legislation strongly  hampers the afforestation of agricultural lands. Moreover the subject leads  to a series of ecological problems, which have not really been considered up  to now.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document