Professor Max Müller

1878 ◽  
Vol 5 (128supp) ◽  
pp. 2029-2030
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lecourt

This chapter considers a series of formative debates in British anthropology from the 1840s through the 1860s and uses them to map out the two dominant constructions of religion whose politics the subsequent authors in this study would reinvent. It describes, on the one hand, a liberal and evangelical construction of religion as the common human capacity for spiritual cultivation, and on the other hand a conservative, reactionary model that interpreted religious differences as the expressions of fixed racial identities that neither civilization nor Christianization could erase. In the work of the Oxford philologist F. Max Müller we see how the former model tended to associate religion above all with language. But we can also see the subtle forms of determinism that it contained—an ambiguity that Arnold, Pater, Eliot, and Lang would explore by picturing racialized religion as a resource for liberal self-cultivation.


1891 ◽  
Vol 25 (299) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Clevenger
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-177
Author(s):  
Andreas Feldtkeller
Keyword(s):  

Zusammenfassung Die Geschichte der Religionswissenschaft lässt sich als Geschichte der fortschreitenden Säkularisierung einer Wissenschaftsdisziplin beschreiben. Diese These wird im vorliegenden Artikel dokumentiert durch die exemplarische Analyse des Umgangs mit den Themen »Zeit« und »Ewigkeit« bei Friedrich Max Müller (1870/74), Rudolf Otto (1917/36) und im »Handbuch religionswissenschaftlicher Grundbegriffe« (1988–2001).


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rahman Mantu ◽  
Siti Aisa

Western intellectuals are so concerned about religious studies. Their arguments are the subject of criticism and studies that continue to this day. the debate is about the position of religion whether as a way of life, belief, belief in something that is supernatural or religion as an object of study that can be interpreted with a logical scientific approach. This article will answer questions regarding the interpretation of religion by orientalists. Some names such as Max Muller to Charles Adams contributed thought. By using a comparative library analysis, the writer maps the ideas, ideas, and concepts of western scholars to the meaning of religion and the results of each orientalist express their thoughts that religion can function in accordance with the approach used, be it cultural, social, political , and economics. Keywords: Orientalist; West; Religion; Scientific; Confidence.  Intelektual Barat begitu memberikan perhatian terhadap studi agama. argumentasi mereka menjadi bahan kritikan dan kajian yang berlangsung terus menerus hingga hari ini. perdebatannya ada pada soal kedudukan agama apakah sebagai pedoman hidup, kepercayaan, keyakinan atas sesuatu yang gaib sifatnya ataukah agama sebagai objek studi yang bisa di maknai dengan pendekatan ilmiah yang logis. Artikel ini akan menjawab pertanyaan berkenaan dengan pemaknaan atas agama oleh para orientalis. Beberapa nama seperti Max Muller sampai Charles Adams memberikan sumbangsih pemikiran. Dengan menggunakan analisis kepustakaan yang komparatif, penulis melakukan pemetaan atas ide, gagasan, serta konsep para sarjanawan barat terhadap pemaknaan atas agama dan didapati hasilnya masing-masing orientalis mengemukakan pikirannya bahwa agama bisa berfungsi sesuai dengan pendekatan yang digunakan, baik itu budaya, sosial, politik, maupun ekonomi. Kata kunci: Orientalis; Barat; Agama; Ilmiah; Keyakinan


Archaeologia ◽  
1885 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 293-326
Author(s):  
Robert Philips Greg

In a Paper read before this Society, 15 May, 1879, printed inArchaeologia, vol. XLVII. pp. 157–160, on “The Fret or Key Ornamentation in Mexico and Peru,” I showed that this form or symbol was there without doubt emblematic ofwater, and probably adopted independently of Western or Old World influence; and at the conclusion of the Paper I threw out a hint that thefylfotorswastikawas an old Aryan symbol, connected with the older sky or air-gods, as represented by Indra and JupiterTonansandPluvius, and not found in the New World. Since then I have gone very fully into a further investigation as to the general history and meaning of that ancient and mystic symbol; and believe I have arrived at a satisfactory solution of a question which has long been a puzzle to mythologists and antiquaries; but one which—in spite of the later labours and discoveries of Dr. Schliemann, Bernouf, Max Müller, of Ludvig Müller of Copenhagen, and most recently of Mr. Edward Thomas, the eminent numismatist —I believe, with Eergusson(Tree and Serpent Worship), has not yet been fully solved.


2021 ◽  
pp. 206-255
Author(s):  
Stefano Evangelista

This chapter explores the relationship between the proliferation of artificial languages and literary cosmopolitanism at the turn of the century: both strove to promote ideas of world citizenship, universal communication, and peaceful international relations. The two most successful artificial languages of this period, Volapük and Esperanto, employed literature, literary translation, and the periodical medium to create a new type of cosmopolitan literacy intended to quench divisive nationalisms and to challenge Herder’s theories on the link between national language and individual identity. Starting with Henry James’s lampooning of Volapük in his short story ‘The Pupil’ (1891), the chapter charts the uneasy relationship between literature and artificial language movements. Ludwik L. Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto, stressed the importance of literary translation for his utopian ideal and used original literature to explore the complex affect of his cosmopolitan identity. The chapter closes with an analysis of the growth of the Esperanto movement in turn-of-the-century Britain, focusing on its overlap with literary, artistic, and radical circles, on contributions by Max Müller, W. T. Stead, and Felix Moscheles, and on the 1907 Cambridge Esperanto World Congress.


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